Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

قَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ دَخَلَ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَ هُوَ فِي اَلنَّزْعِ فَقَالَ لَهُ «قُلْ: لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ اَلْحَلِيمُ اَلْكَرِيمُ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ اَلْعَلِيُّ اَلْعَظِيمُ سُبْحَانَ اَللَّهِ رَبِّ اَلسَّمَاوَاتِ اَلسَّبْعِ وَ رَبِّ اَلْأَرَضِينَ اَلسَّبْعِ وَ مَا فِيهِنَّ وَ مَا بَيْنَهُنَّ وَ مَا تَحْتَهُنَّ وَ رَبِّ اَلْعَرْشِ اَلْعَظِيمِ «وَ سَلاٰمٌ عَلَى اَلْمُرْسَلِينَ `وَ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ رَبِّ اَلْعٰالَمِينَ» » فَقَالَهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ « اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ اَلَّذِي أَنْقَذَهُ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ » »

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "The Messenger of Allah (saws) entered upon a man from the Banu Hashim who was in the throes of death and said to him: 'Say : La ilaha illa Allah al-Haleemu al-Kareem, la ilaha illa Allah al-‘Aliyyu al-‘Azheem. Subhana Allah Rabbi as-samawati as-sab‘ wa Rabbi al-ardhina as-sab‘ wa ma feehinna wa ma baynahunna wa ma tahtahunna wa Rabbi al-‘Arsh al-‘Azheem. Wa salamun ‘ala al-mursaleen, wal-hamdu lillahi Rabb al ‘alameen 'There is no Allah (swt) but Allah (swt), the Forbearing, the Generous; there is no God but Allah (swt), the Most High, the Most Great; Glory be to Allah (swt), the Lord (azj) of the seven heavens and the Lord (azj) of the seven earths and what is in them and what is between them and what is beneath them, and the Lord (azj) of the Mighty Throne. Peace be upon the messengers, and all praise is due to Allah (swt), the Lord (azj) of all the worlds.' The man said thusly, and the Messenger of Allah (saws) said: 'Praise be to Allah (swt) who has saved him from the Fire.'".

وهذه الكمات هي كلمات الفرج.

These words are known as the Words of Relief.

وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِنَّكُمْ تُلَقِّنُونَ مَوْتَاكُمْ: لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ عِنْدَ اَلْمَوْتِ وَ نَحْنُ نُلَقِّنُ مَوْتَانَا مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ.

Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (a.s) said: "You instruct your deceased to say 'There is no god but Allah (swt)' at the time of death, while we instruct our deceased to say 'Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah (saws).'".

وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «لَقِّنُوا مَوْتَاكُمْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ فَإِنَّ مَنْ كَانَ آخِرُ كَلاَمِهِ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ دَخَلَ اَلْجَنَّةَ.

The Messenger of Allah (saws) said: "Instruct your dying to say 'There is no god but Allah (swt),' for whoever's last words are 'There is no god but Allah (swt)' will enter Paradise."

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «أَعْقَلُ مَا يَكُونُ اَلْمُؤْمِنُ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "The believer is most rational (aware) at the time of their death."

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «اُعْتُقِلَ لِسَانُ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ اَلْمَدِينَةِ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي مَرَضِهِ اَلَّذِي مَاتَ فِيهِ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ «قُلْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ » فَلَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَيْهِ فَأَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَلَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَيْهِ وَ عِنْدَ رَأْسِ اَلرَّجُلِ اِمْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَ لَهَا «هَلْ لِهَذَا اَلرَّجُلِ أُمٌّ» فَقَالَتْ نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ أَنَا أُمُّهُ فَقَالَ لَهَا «أَ فَرَاضِيَةٌ أَنْتِ عَنْهُ أَمْ لاَ» فَقَالَتْ لاَ بَلْ سَاخِطَةٌ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ «فَإِنِّي أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَرْضَيْ عَنْهُ» فَقَالَتْ قَدْ رَضِيتُ عَنْهُ لِرِضَاكَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ «قُلْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ » فَقَالَ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ فَقَالَ «قُلْ يَا مَنْ يَقْبَلُ اَلْيَسِيرَ وَ يَعْفُو عَنِ اَلْكَثِيرِ اِقْبَلْ مِنِّي اَلْيَسِيرَ وَ اُعْفُ عَنِّي اَلْكَثِيرَ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ اَلْعَفُوُّ اَلْغَفُورُ » فَقَالَهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ «مَا ذَا تَرَى» فَقَالَ أَرَى أَسْوَدَيْنِ قَدْ دَخَلاَ عَلَيَّ قَالَ «أَعِدْهَا» فَأَعَادَهَا فَقَالَ «مَا ذَا تَرَى» فَقَالَ قَدْ تَبَاعَدَا عَنِّي وَ دَخَلَ أَبْيَضَانِ وَ خَرَجَ اَلْأَسْوَدَانِ فَمَا أَرَاهُمَا وَ دَنَا اَلْأَبْيَضَانِ مِنِّي اَلْآنَ يَأْخُذَانِ بِنَفْسِي فَمَاتَ مِنْ سَاعَتِهِ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "During the time of the Messenger of Allah (saws), a man from the people of Medina was unable to speak due to throes of death. The Messenger of Allah (saws) entered upon him and said: 'Say: There is no god but Allah (swt).' But the man was unable to say it. The Messenger of Allah (saws) repeated it to him, but he still could not say it. At the head of this man was a woman, and He asked her: 'Is this man’s mother present?'" She said: 'Yes, O’ Messenger of Allah (saws), I am his mother.' He asked her: 'Are you pleased with him or displeased?' She said: 'I am displeased with him.' The Messenger of Allah (saws) said to her: "I would like that you become pleased with him," She said: 'I am pleased with him for your sake, O’ Messenger of Allah (saws).' He (saws) then said to him: "Say: There is no god but Allah (swt).'" (the man) replied: "There is no god but Allah (swt)." Then He (saws) said: 'Say: O’ One who accepts the small and forgives the great, accept from me the small and forgive the great, for You are the Most Forgiving, the Most Merciful.' (the man) said it, and then He asked him, 'What do you see?' (the man) replied: 'I see two dark figures approaching me.' He (saws) said: 'Repeat the supplication.' So he repeated it, and He (saws) said: 'What do you see now?' (the man) replied: 'They have moved away from me, and two white figures have come in, and the dark figures have left. I no longer see them, and the white figures are now drawing close to me to take my soul.' The man then passed away thereafter.

وَ سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ تَوْجِيهِ اَلْمَيِّتِ فَقَالَ «اِسْتَقْبِلْ بِبَاطِنِ قَدَمَيْهِ اَلْقِبْلَةَ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) was asked about the positioning of the deceased, and Imam (a.s) said: "Direct the soles of their feet toward the Qibla”.

وَقَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ وُلْدِ عَبْدِ اَلْمُطَّلِبِ وَ هُوَ فِي اَلسُّوقِ وَ قَدْ وُجِّهَ لِغَيْرِ اَلْقِبْلَةِ فَقَالَ «وَجِّهُوهُ إِلَى اَلْقِبْلَةِ فَإِنَّكُمْ إِذَا فَعَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ أَقْبَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةُ وَ أَقْبَلَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِ بِوَجْهِهِ» فَلَمْ يَزَلْ كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى يُقْبَضَ.

The Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (a.s) said: "The Messenger of Allah (saws) entered upon a man from the descendants of Abdul Muttalib, while he was in the throes of death and was facing away from the Qibla. The Prophet said: 'Direct him toward the Qibla, for when you do so, the angels will approach him, and Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious, will turn toward him with His face (attention).' And he remained in that state until he passed away.”

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَحْضُرُهُ اَلْمَوْتُ إِلاَّ وَكَّلَ بِهِ إِبْلِيسُ مِنْ شَيَاطِينِهِ مَنْ يَأْمُرُهُ بِالْكُفْرِ وَ يُشَكِّكُهُ فِي دِينِهِ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ نَفْسُهُ فَإِذَا حَضَرْتُمْ مَوْتَاكُمْ فَلَقِّنُوهُمْ شَهَادَةَ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ حَتَّى يَمُوتُوا.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "There is no one who is faced with death except that Iblis (Satan) sends some of his devils to entice him toward disbelief and to cause him to doubt his faith until his soul departs. Therefore, when you are present with your dying ones, instruct them to bear witness that there is no god but Allah (swt) and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah (saws) until they pass away."

وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فِي آخِرِ خُطْبَةٍ خَطَبَهَا: «مَنْ تَابَ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ بِسَنَةٍ تَابَ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «إِنَّ اَلسَّنَةَ لَكَثِيرَةٌ مَنْ تَابَ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ بِشَهْرٍ تَابَ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «إِنَّ اَلشَّهْرَ لَكَثِيرٌ وَ مَنْ تَابَ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ بِجُمْعَةٍ تَابَ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «إِنَّ اَلْجُمْعَةَ لَكَثِيرَةٌ وَ مَنْ تَابَ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ بِيَوْمٍ تَابَ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «وَ إِنَّ يَوْماً لَكَثِيرٌ وَ مَنْ تَابَ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ بِسَاعَةٍ تَابَ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «وَ إِنَّ اَلسَّاعَةَ لَكَثِيرَةٌ وَ مَنْ تَابَ وَ قَدْ بَلَغَتْ نَفْسُهُ هَذِهِ» وَ أَهْوَى بِيَدِهِ إِلَى حَلْقِهِ «تَابَ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ.

The Messenger of Allah (saws) said in his last sermon: "Whoever repents a year before his death, Allah (swt) will accept his repentance." Then He (saws) said: "A year is a long time; whoever repents a month before their death, Allah (swt) will accept their repentance." Then He (saws) said: "A month is a long time; whoever repents a week before their death, Allah (swt) will accept their repentance." Then He (saws) said: "A week is a long time; whoever repents a day before their death, Allah (swt) will accept their repentance." Then He (saws) said: "A day is a long time; whoever repents an hour before their death, Allah (swt) will accept their repentance." Then He (saws) said: “An hour is a long time; whoever repents before their soul reaches here" — and he pointed to his throat — "Allah (swt) will accept their repentance”.

وَ سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ « وَ لَيْسَتِ اَلتَّوْبَةُ لِلَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ اَلسَّيِّئٰاتِ حَتّٰى إِذٰا حَضَرَ أَحَدَهُمُ اَلْمَوْتُ قٰالَ إِنِّي تُبْتُ اَلْآنَ » قَالَ «ذَاكَ إِذَا عَايَنَ أَمْرَ اَلْآخِرَةِ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) was asked about the words of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious: "But repentance is not [accepted] of those who [continue to] do evil deeds up until, when death comes to one of them, he says, 'Indeed, I repent now’." (Surah An Nisa 4:18). Imam (a.s) said: "That is when they witness the realities of the Hereafter."

وَ أَتَى رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ اَلْبَادِيَةِ لَهُ حَشَمٌ وَ جِمَالٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: « اَلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ كٰانُوا يَتَّقُونَ `لَهُمُ اَلْبُشْرىٰ فِي اَلْحَيٰاةِ اَلدُّنْيٰا وَ فِي اَلْآخِرَةِ » فَقَالَ «أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى « لَهُمُ اَلْبُشْرىٰ فِي اَلْحَيٰاةِ اَلدُّنْيٰا » فَهِيَ اَلرُّؤْيَا اَلْحَسَنَةُ يَرَاهَا اَلْمُؤْمِنُ فَيُبَشَّرُ بِهَا فِي دُنْيَاهُ وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: « وَ فِي اَلْآخِرَةِ » فَإِنَّهَا بِشَارَةُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ عِنْدَ اَلْمَوْتِ يُبَشَّرُ بِهَا عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ أَنَّ اَللَّهَ قَدْ غَفَرَ لَكَ وَ لِمَنْ يَحْمِلُكَ إِلَى قَبْرِكَ.

A man from the Bedouins, who had servants and camels, came to the Messenger of Allah (saws) and said: "O’ Messenger of Allah (saws), inform me about the words of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious: 'Those who believe and are conscious of Allah (swt) — they will have good news in this world and in the Hereafter' (Surah Yunus 10:63-64) The Prophet replied: "As for His words, 'They will have good news in this world,' it refers to the good dreams that a believer sees and is given glad tidings by them in this world. And as for 'and in the Hereafter,' it refers to the glad tidings a believer receives at the time of death, that Allah (swt) has forgiven you and those who carry you to your grave."

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «قِيلَ لِمَلَكِ اَلْمَوْتِ عليه السلام، كَيْفَ تَقْبِضُ اَلْأَرْوَاحَ وَ بَعْضُهَا فِي اَلْمَغْرِبِ وَ بَعْضُهَا فِي اَلْمَشْرِقِ فِي سَاعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَقَالَ أَدْعُوهَا فَتُجِيبُنِي» قَالَ «فَقَالَ مَلَكُ اَلْمَوْتِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ اَلدُّنْيَا بَيْنَ يَدَيَّ كَالْقَصْعَةِ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ أَحَدِكُمْ يَتَنَاوَلُ مِنْهَا مَا شَاءَ وَ اَلدُّنْيَا عِنْدِي كَالدِّرْهَمِ فِي كَفِّ أَحَدِكُمْ يُقَلِّبُهُ كَيْفَ يَشَاءُ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "It was said to the Angel of Death (a.s), 'How do you seize souls while some are in the west and others in the east at the same moment?' He said: 'I summon them, and they respond to me.' Imam (a.s) said: “Then, The Angel of Death, said: 'The world is like a bowl in front of me from which I take as I please, and the world is like a coin in the palm of one of you, which you turn as you wish.'

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «مَا يَخْرُجُ مُؤْمِنٌ عَنِ اَلدُّنْيَا إِلاَّ بِرِضاً مِنْهُ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وتَعَالَى يَكْشِفُ لَهُ اَلْغِطَاءَ حَتَّى يَنْظُرَ إِلَى مَكَانِهِ مِنَ اَلْجَنَّةِ وَ مَا أَعَدَّ اَللَّهُ لَهُ فِيهَا وَ تُنْصَبُ لَهُ اَلدُّنْيَا كَأَحْسَنِ مَا كَانَتْ لَهُ ثُمَّ يُخَيَّرُ فَيَخْتَارُ مَا عِنْدَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ يَقُولُ مَا أَصْنَعُ بِالدُّنْيَا وَ بَلاَئِهَا فَلَقِّنُوا مَوْتَاكُمْ كَلِمَاتِ اَلْفَرَجِ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "No believer leaves this world except with contentment, for Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, lifts the veil for them until they see their place in Paradise and what Allah (swt) has prepared for them there. Then the world is shown to them as the best it could have been, and they are given the choice, so they choose what is with Allah (swt), Mighty and Glorious, and say, 'What do I need with the world and its trials?' Therefore, instruct your dying with the Words of Relief (Kalimat E Faraj)." Lā ilāha illā Allāh al-Ḥalīmu al-Karīm, lā ilāha illā Allāh al-‘Aliyyu al-‘Aẓīm. Subḥāna Allāhi Rabbi al-samāwāti al-sab‘ wa Rabbi al-arāḍīna al-sab‘ wa mā fīhinna wa mā baynahunna wa mā taḥtahunna wa Rabbi al-‘arsh al-‘Aẓīm

وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ اَلْبَاقِرُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «لَوْ أَدْرَكْتُ عِكْرِمَةَ عِنْدَ اَلْمَوْتِ لَنَفَعْتُهُ» فَقِيلَ لِلصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِمَا ذَا كَانَ يَنْفَعُهُ قَالَ «كَانَ يُلَقِّنُهُ مَا أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ.

Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (a.s) said: "If I had reached Ikrimah at the time of his death, I would have benefited him." When asked how, Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) explained: "He would have instructed him in what you are upon (referring to the beliefs of faithful)”.

وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «إِنَّ مَوْتَ اَلْفَجْأَةِ تَخْفِيفٌ عَلَى اَلْمُؤْمِنِ وَ رَاحَةٌ وَ أَخْذَةُ أَسَفٍ عَلَى اَلْكَافِرِ.

The Messenger of Allah (saws) said: "Sudden death is an ease and relief for the believer but a regretful taking for the disbeliever”.

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «اَلْمَوْتُ كَفَّارَةُ ذَنْبِ كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "Death is the expiation for the sins of every believer."

وَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِنَّ بَيْنَ اَلدُّنْيَا وَ اَلْآخِرَةِ أَلْفَ عَقَبَةٍ أَهْوَنُهَا وَ أَيْسَرُهَا اَلْمَوْتُ.

The Imam (a.s) said: "Indeed, between this world and the Hereafter, there are a thousand obstacles, the easiest and least difficult of which is death."

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِنَّ اَلشَّيْطَانَ لَيَأْتِي اَلرَّجُلَ مِنْ أَوْلِيَائِنَا عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ لِيُضِلَّهُ عَمَّا هُوَ عَلَيْهِ فَيَأْبَى اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ذَلِكَ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اَللَّهِ تَعَالَى: « يُثَبِّتُ اَللّٰهُ اَلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِالْقَوْلِ اَلثّٰابِتِ فِي اَلْحَيٰاةِ اَلدُّنْيٰا وَ فِي اَلْآخِرَةِ »

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "Indeed, Shaytan comes to one of our followers at the time of their death, approaching from their right and from their left to lead them astray from what they are upon. But Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious, refuses this, and this is the meaning of Allah’s (swt) words: 'Allah (swt) will keep firm those who believe, with the firm word, in this worldly life and in the Hereafter'" (Surah Ibrahim 14:27).

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «فِي اَلْمَيِّتِ تَدْمَعُ عَيْنَاهُ عِنْدَ اَلْمَوْتِ وَ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ عِنْدَ مُعَايَنَةِ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ فَيَرَى مَا يَسُرُّهُ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَ مَا تَرَى اَلرَّجُلَ يَرَى مَا يَسُرُّهُ وَ مَا يُحِبُّ فَتَدْمَعُ عَيْنَاهُ وَ يَضْحَكُ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "When a believer is at the moment of death, tears may come to their eyes because, at that moment, they witness the presence of the Messenger of Allah (saws) and they see what pleases them." Then Imam (a.s) said: "Do you not see that when a person sees what delights and pleases them, tears come to their eyes and they smile?"

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِذَا رَأَيْتَ اَلْمُؤْمِنَ قَدْ شَخَصَ بِبَصَرِهِ وَ سَالَتْ عَيْنُهُ اَلْيُسْرَى وَ رَشَحَ جَبِينُهُ وَ تَقَلَّصَتْ شَفَتَاهُ وَ اِنْتَشَرَ مَنْخِرَاهُ فَأَيَّ ذَلِكَ رَأَيْتَ فَحَسْبُكَ بِهِ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "If you see a believer whose eyes are fixed, the left eye tears up, the forehead perspires, the lips contract, and the nostrils widen, then that is sufficient for you (as a sign of their passing)."

وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِنَّ آيَةَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ إِذَا حَضَرَهُ اَلْمَوْتُ أَنْ يَبْيَضَّ وَجْهُهُ أَشَدَّ مِنْ بَيَاضِ لَوْنِهِ وَ يَرْشَحَ جَبِينُهُ وَ يَسِيلَ مِنْ عَيْنَيْهِ كَهَيْئَةِ اَلدُّمُوعِ فَيَكُونُ ذَلِكَ آيَةَ خُرُوجِ رُوحِهِ وَ إِنَّ اَلْكَافِرَ تَخْرُجُ رُوحُهُ سَلاًّ مِنْ شِدْقِهِ كَزَبَدِ اَلْبَعِيرِ كَمَا تَخْرُجُ نَفْسُ اَلْحِمَارِ.

Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (a.s) said: "The sign of a believer when death approaches is that their face becomes whiter than its usual color, their forehead perspires, and tears flow from their eyes like drops. This is the sign of the departure of their soul. As for the disbeliever, their soul exits from their mouth forcefully, like the froth of a camel or the expiration of a donkey."

وَ رُوِيَ: «أَنَّ آخِرَ طَعْمٍ يَجِدُهُ اَلْإِنْسَانُ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ طَعْمُ اَلْعِنَبِ.

It is reported: "The last taste that a person experiences at the time of death is the taste of grapes."

وَ سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ كَيْفَ يَتَوَفَّى مَلَكُ اَلْمَوْتِ اَلْمُؤْمِنَ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ مَلَكَ اَلْمَوْتِ لَيَقِفُ مِنَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ مَوْقِفَ اَلْعَبْدِ اَلذَّلِيلِ مِنَ اَلْمَوْلَى فَيَقُومُ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ لاَ يَدْنُونَ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يَبْدَأَهُ بِالتَّسْلِيمِ وَ يُبَشِّرَهُ بِالْجَنَّةِ.

The Messenger of Allah (saws) was asked how the Angel of Death takes the soul of a believer. He (saws) replied: "Indeed, the Angel of Death stands before the believer at the time of their death in the position of a humble servant before their master. He and his companions do not approach until the believer is greeted with peace and given glad tidings of Paradise."

وَقَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِنَّ اَلْمُؤْمِنَ إِذَا حَضَرَهُ اَلْمَوْتُ وَثَّقَهُ مَلَكُ اَلْمَوْتِ فَلَوْ لاَ ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَسْتَقِرَّ.

The Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (a.s) said: "When a believer is at the point of death, the Angel of Death reassures (secures) them ; without this, they would not be able to remain settled."

وما من أحد يحضره الموت إلا مثل له النبي صلى الله عليه وآله والحجج صلوات الله عليهم أجمعين حتى يراهم، فإن كان مؤمنا يراهم بحيث يحب، وإن كان غير مؤمن يراهم بحيث يكره، وقال الله تبارك وتعالى " فلولا إذا بلغت الحلقوم وأنتم حينئذ تنظرون ونحن أقرب إليه منكم ولكن لا تبصرون.

when death approaches, The Prophet (saws) and the divinely appointed proofs (Imams, peace be upon them all) are made present to the dying person so that they may see them. If the person is a believer, they will see them in a pleasing state; if they are not a believer, they will see them in a way they dislike. Allah (swt), the Blessed and Exalted, has said: "Then why, when the soul reaches the throat, and you are at that moment looking on, and We are nearer to him than you, but you do not see" (Sural Al Waqi’ah 56:83-85)

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِنَّهُ إِذَا بَلَغَتِ اَلنَّفْسُ اَلْحُلْقُومَ أُرِيَ مَكَانَهُ مِنَ اَلْجَنَّةِ فَيَقُولُ رُدُّونِي إِلَى اَلدُّنْيَا حَتَّى أُخْبِرَ أَهْلِي بِمَا أَرَى فَيُقَالُ لَهُ لَيْسَ إِلَى ذَلِكَ سَبِيلٌ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "When the soul reaches the throat, the person (believer), is shown their place in Paradise. They say, 'Return me to the world so that I may inform my family about what I see.' But it is said to them, 'There is no way for that.'"

وَ سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ « اَللّٰهُ يَتَوَفَّى اَلْأَنْفُسَ حِينَ مَوْتِهٰا » وَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ « قُلْ يَتَوَفّٰاكُمْ مَلَكُ اَلْمَوْتِ اَلَّذِي وُكِّلَ بِكُمْ » وَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: « اَلَّذِينَ تَتَوَفّٰاهُمُ اَلْمَلاٰئِكَةُ طَيِّبِينَ » وَ « اَلَّذِينَ تَتَوَفّٰاهُمُ اَلْمَلاٰئِكَةُ ظٰالِمِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ » وَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: « تَوَفَّتْهُ رُسُلُنٰا » وَ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: « وَ لَوْ تَرىٰ إِذْ يَتَوَفَّى اَلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا اَلْمَلاٰئِكَةُ » وَ قَدْ يَمُوتُ فِي اَلسَّاعَةِ اَلْوَاحِدَةِ فِي جَمِيعِ اَلْآفَاقِ مَا لاَ يُحْصِيهِ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَكَيْفَ هَذَا فَقَالَ «إِنَّ اَللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وتَعَالَى جَعَلَ لِمَلَكِ اَلْمَوْتِ أَعْوَاناً مِنَ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةِ يَقْبِضُونَ اَلْأَرْوَاحَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ صَاحِبِ اَلشُّرْطَةِ لَهُ أَعْوَانٌ مِنَ اَلْإِنْسِ يَبْعَثُهُمْ فِي حَوَائِجِهِ فَتَتَوَفَّاهُمُ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةُ وَ يَتَوَفَّاهُمْ، مَلَكُ اَلْمَوْتِ مِنَ اَلْمَلاَئِكَةِ مَعَ مَا يَقْبِضُ هُوَ وَ يَتَوَفَّاهَا اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ مَلَكِ اَلْمَوْتِ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) was asked about the different Qur'anic verses that mention Allah (swt) taking souls at the time of death, about the words of Allah (swt), the Exalted: "Allah (swt) takes the souls at the time of their death," (Surah Az-Zumar 39:42) And about the words of Allah (swt), the Exalted: "Say, 'The Angel of Death, who is put in charge of you, will take you,'" (Surah As-Sajdah 32:11) And about the words of Allah (swt), the Exalted: "Those whom the angels take while they are in a state of purity," (Surah An-Nahl 16:32) And "Those whom the angels take while they are wronging themselves," (Surah An-Nahl 16:28) And about the words of Allah (swt), the Exalted: "Our messengers angels take them," (Surah Al-An’am 6:61) And about His words: "And if you could see when the angels take the souls of those who disbelieved." (Surah Al-Anfal 8:50) The questioner further inquired about how this process works, given that countless souls may die simultaneously across the world Imam Al-Sadiq replied: "Indeed, Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, has appointed for the Angel of Death assistants among the angels who seize souls. They function similarly to a chief of police who has deputies among the people whom he sends out to fulfil tasks on his behalf. Thus, the angels take the souls, and the Angel of Death receives them from the angels along with what he himself seizes. Ultimately Allah (swt), Blessed and Exalted, takes them from Angel of Death”.

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِنَّ وَلِيَّ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَرَاهُ فِي ثَلاَثَةِ مَوَاطِنَ حَيْثُ يَسُرُّهُ عِنْدَ اَلْمَوْتِ وَ عِنْدَ اَلصِّرَاطِ وَ عِنْدَ اَلْحَوْضِ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "Indeed, the follower of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (a.s) will see him in three places that bring joy: at the time of death, at the Sirat (the bridge over Hell), and at the Hawdh (the Pool)."

وملك الموت يدفع الشيطان عن المحافظ على الصلاة ويلقنه شهادة أن لا إله إلا الله وأن محمد رسول الله في تلك الحالة العظيمة.

And the Angel of Death repels Shaytan from those who consistently perform their prayers and instructs them to declare the testimony that there is no god but Allah (swt) and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah (saws) during that great moment.

وَقَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِنَّ اَلْعَبْدَ إِذَا كَانَ فِي آخِرِ يَوْمٍ مِنَ اَلدُّنْيَا وَ أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ مِنَ اَلْآخِرَةِ مُثِّلَ لَهُ مَالُهُ وَ وُلْدُهُ وَ عَمَلُهُ فَيَلْتَفِتُ إِلَى مَالِهِ وَ يَقُولُ وَ اَللَّهِ إِنِّي كُنْتُ عَلَيْكَ لَحَرِيصاً شَحِيحاً فَمَا ذَا عِنْدَكَ فَيَقُولُ خُذْ مِنِّي كَفَنَكَ فَيَلْتَفِتُ إِلَى وُلْدِهِ فَيَقُولُ وَ اَللَّهِ إِنِّي كُنْتُ لَكُمْ مُحِبّاً وَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ لَمُحَامِياً فَمَا ذَا عِنْدَكُمْ فَيَقُولُونَ نُؤَدِّيكَ إِلَى حُفْرَتِكَ وَ نُوَارِيكَ فِيهَا فَيَلْتَفِتُ إِلَى عَمَلِهِ فَيَقُولُ وَ اَللَّهِ إِنَّكَ كُنْتَ عَلَيَّ لَثَقِيلاً وَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ فِيكَ لَزَاهِداً فَمَا ذَا عِنْدَكَ فَيَقُولُ أَنَا قَرِينُكَ فِي قَبْرِكَ وَ يَوْمِ حَشْرِكَ حَتَّى أُعْرَضَ أَنَا وَ أَنْتَ عَلَى رَبِّكَ.

The Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (a.s) said: "When a servant is in their last day of this world and their first day of the Hereafter, their wealth, children, and deeds are presented before them. They turn to their wealth and say, 'By Allah (swt), I was extremely attached and miserly with you; what do you have for me now?' It (wealth) replies, 'Take your shroud from me.' Then they turn to their children and say, 'By Allah (swt), I loved you and I was protective over you; what do you have for me now?' They (children) respond, 'We will carry you to your grave and bury you in it.' Then they turn to their deeds and say, 'By Allah (swt), you were burdensome upon me, and I was reluctant toward you; what do you have for me now?' It (deeds) replies, 'I am your companion in your grave and on the Day of Resurrection until you and I are presented before your Lord (azj).'".

وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «مَنْ مَاتَ يَوْمَ اَلْجُمُعَةِ أَوْ لَيْلَةَ اَلْجُمُعَةِ رَفَعَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَذَابَ اَلْقَبْرِ.

The Messenger of Allah (saws) said: "Whoever dies on a Jumu’ah or on the night of Jumu’ah, Allah (swt) will relieve him from the punishment of the grave."

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «مَنْ مَاتَ مَا بَيْنَ زَوَالِ اَلشَّمْسِ مِنْ يَوْمِ اَلْخَمِيسِ إِلَى زَوَالِ اَلشَّمْسِ مِنْ يَوْمِ اَلْجُمُعَةِ أَمِنَ مِنْ ضَغْطَةِ اَلْقَبْرِ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "Whoever dies between the decline of the sun on Thursday until the decline of the sun on will be safe from the squeezing (pressure) of the grave."

وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: « لَيْلَةُ اَلْجُمُعَةِ لَيْلَةٌ غَرَّاءُ وَ يَوْمُهَا يَوْمٌ أَزْهَرُ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى وَجْهِ اَلْأَرْضِ يَوْمٌ تَغْرُبُ فِيهِ اَلشَّمْسُ أَكْثَرَ مُعْتَقاً مِنَ اَلنَّارِ مِنْ يَوْمِ اَلْجُمُعَةِ وَ مَنْ مَاتَ يَوْمَ اَلْجُمُعَةِ كَتَبَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ بَرَاءَةً مِنْ عَذَابِ اَلْقَبْرِ وَ مَنْ مَاتَ يَوْمَ اَلْجُمُعَةِ أُعْتِقَ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ.

Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (a.s) said: "Jumu’ah night is a radiant night, and its day is a radiant day. There is no day on the face of the earth on which the sun sets with more people freed from the Fire than on Jumu’ah. Whoever dies on Jumu’ah, Allah (swt) will write for them freedom from the punishment of the grave, and whoever dies on Jumu’ah will be freed from the Fire."

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «مَا مِنْ مَيِّتٍ يَحْضُرُهُ اَلْوَفَاةُ إِلاَّ رَدَّ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ بَصَرِهِ وَ سَمْعِهِ وَ عَقْلِهِ آخِذاً لِلْوَصِيَّةِ أَوْ تَارِكاً وَ هِيَ اَلرَّاحَةُ اَلَّتِي يُقَالُ لَهَا رَاحَةُ اَلْمَوْتِ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "There is no dying person for whom Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious, does not return their sight, hearing, and intellect at the moment of death, whether they are giving a final will or not. This is the 'relief of death' that is referred to as the comfort of passing away."

وإذا حرك الانسان في حالة النزع يديه أو رجليه أو رأسه فلا يمنع من ذلك كما يفعل جهال الناس، فإذا اشتد عليه نزع روحه حول إلى مصلاه الذي كان يصلي فيه أو عليه. ولا يمس في تلك الحالة فإذا قضى نحبه فيجب أن يقال: " إنا لله وإنا إليه راجعون.

And if a person in the throes of death moves their hands, feet, or head, they should not be restrained, as is done by ignorant people. If their soul's departure becomes severe, they should be moved to the place where they used to pray or on it. They should not be touched during this time. When they have passed, it is appropriate to say : Innā lillāhi wa innā ilayhi rāji‘ūn "Indeed, we belong to Allah (swt), and to Him we return."

وَ سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: لِأَيِّ عِلَّةٍ يُغْسَلُ اَلْمَيِّتُ قَالَ «تَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ اَلنُّطْفَةُ اَلَّتِي خُلِقَ مِنْهَا تَخْرُجُ مِنْ عَيْنَيْهِ أَوْ مِنْ فِيهِ وَ مَا يَخْرُجُ أَحَدٌ مِنَ اَلدُّنْيَا حَتَّى يَرَى مَكَانَهُ مِنَ اَلْجَنَّةِ أَوْ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) was asked: "For what reason is the deceased washed (given ghusl)?" Imam (a.s) said: "The drop that he was created from, exits from their eyes or their mouth, and no one leaves this world until they see their place in either Paradise or the Fire."

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «مَنْ مَاتَ مُحْرِماً بَعَثَهُ اَللَّهُ مُلَبِّياً.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "Whoever dies in the state of Ihram (consecration for Hajj or Umrah), Allah (swt) will resurrect them reciting the Talbiyah."

وَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «مَنْ مَاتَ فِي أَحَدِ اَلْحَرَمَيْنِ أَمِنَ مِنَ اَلْفَزَعِ اَلْأَكْبَرِ يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ.

The Imam (a.s) said: "Whoever dies in one of the two sanctuaries (Makkah or Madinah) will be safe from the Great Terror on the Day of Resurrection."

وَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «اَلْمَرْأَةُ إِذَا مَاتَتْ فِي نِفَاسِهَا لَمْ يَنْشُرْ لَهَا دِيوَانٌ يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ.

The Imam (a.s) said: "If a woman dies during childbirth (in her postpartum state), no record of her deeds will be unfurled on the Day of Resurrection."

وَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «مَوْتُ اَلْغَرِيبِ شَهَادَةٌ.

The Imam (a.s) said: "The death of a stranger (someone who dies away from their home) is martyrdom."

وَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: « وَ مٰا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مٰا ذٰا تَكْسِبُ غَداً وَ مٰا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَيِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ » فَقَالَ «مِنْ قَدَمٍ إِلَى قَدَمٍ.

The Imam (a.s) said regarding the words of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Glorious: "No soul knows what it will earn tomorrow, and no soul knows in which land it will die" (Surah Luqman 31:34). Imam (a.s) said; "From one step to another."

وَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «إِذَا مَاتَ اَلْمُؤْمِنُ بَكَتْ عَلَيْهِ بِقَاعُ اَلْأَرْضِ اَلَّتِي كَانَ يَعْبُدُ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهَا وَ اَلْبَابُ اَلَّذِي كَانَ يَصْعَدُ مِنْهُ عَمَلُهُ وَ مَوْضِعُ سُجُودِهِ.

The Imam (a.s) said: "When a believer dies, the places on earth where they used to worship Allah (swt), the door through which their deeds would ascend, and their place of prostration weep for them."

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «مَنْ عَدَّ غَداً مِنْ أَجَلِهِ فَقَدْ أَسَاءَ صُحْبَةَ اَلْمَوْتِ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "Whoever considers tomorrow as part of their lifespan has not kept good company with death."

وَ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ عَلَى خَدِيجَةَ وَ هِيَ لِمَا بِهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ «بِالرَّغْمِ مِنَّا مَا نَرَى بِكِ يَا خَدِيجَةُ فَإِذَا قَدِمْتِ عَلَى ضَرَائِرِكِ فَأَقْرِئِيهِنَّ اَلسَّلاَمَ» فَقَالَتْ مَنْ هُنَّ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ قَالَ « مَرْيَمُ اِبْنَةُ عِمْرَانَ وَ كُلْثُمُ أُخْتُ مُوسَى وَ آسِيَةُ اِمْرَأَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ » قَالَتْ بِالرِّفَاءِ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ.

The Messenger of Allah (saws) entered upon Khadijah (s.a) while she was experiencing what she (s.a) was enduring (her final illness). He (saws) said to her: "In spite of what we see happening to you, Khadijah (s.a), when you meet your co-wives in the Hereafter, give them my greetings of peace." She (s.a) asked: "Who are they, O’ Messenger of Allah (saws)?" He (saws) replied: "Mary (s.a), the daughter of Imran (a.s), and Kulthum (s.a), the sister of Musa (a.s), and Asiya (s.a), the wife of Pharaoh." She (s.a) responded: "With pleasure, O’ Messenger of Allah (saws)."

وَقَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «ضَمِنْتُ لِسِتَّةٍ اَلْجَنَّةَ رَجُلٌ خَرَجَ بِصَدَقَةٍ فَمَاتَ فَلَهُ اَلْجَنَّةُ وَ رَجُلٌ خَرَجَ يَعُودُ مَرِيضاً فَمَاتَ فَلَهُ اَلْجَنَّةُ وَ رَجُلٌ خَرَجَ مُجَاهِداً فِي سَبِيلِ اَللَّهِ فَمَاتَ فَلَهُ اَلْجَنَّةُ وَ رَجُلٌ خَرَجَ حَاجّاً فَمَاتَ فَلَهُ اَلْجَنَّةُ وَ رَجُلٌ خَرَجَ إِلَى اَلْجُمُعَةِ فَمَاتَ فَلَهُ اَلْجَنَّةُ ' وَ رَجُلٌ خَرَجَ فِي جِنَازَةِ رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ فَمَاتَ فَلَهُ اَلْجَنَّةُ.

The Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (a.s) said: "I guarantee Paradise for six people: One who goes out to give charity and dies, they shall have Paradise; One who goes out to visit a sick person and dies, they shall have Paradise; One who goes out striving in the way of Allah (swt) and dies, they shall have Paradise; One who goes out for pilgrimage (Hajj) and dies, they shall have Paradise; One who goes out for Jumu’ah prayer and dies, they shall have Paradise; And one who goes out for the funeral of a Muslim and dies, they shall have Paradise."

وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «كَرَامَةُ اَلْمَيِّتِ تَعْجِيلُهُ.

The Messenger of Allah (saws) said: "The honor of the deceased is their hastening (to be buried)."

وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: «لاَ أُلْفِيَنَّ مِنْكُمْ رَجُلاً مَاتَ لَهُ مَيِّتٌ لَيْلاً فَانْتَظَرَ بِهِ اَلصُّبْحَ وَ لاَ رَجُلاً مَاتَ لَهُ مَيِّتٌ نَهَاراً فَانْتَظَرَ بِهِ اَللَّيْلَ لاَ تَنْتَظِرُوا بِمَوْتَاكُمْ طُلُوعَ اَلشَّمْسِ وَ لاَ غُرُوبَهَا عَجِّلُوا بِهِمْ إِلَى مَضَاجِعِهِمْ يَرْحَمُكُمُ اَللَّهُ» فَقَالَ اَلنَّاسُ وَ أَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ يَرْحَمُكَ اَللَّهُ.

The Messenger of Allah (saws) said: "I do not want to find among you a man whose deceased loved one died at night and he waits until morning, or a man whose deceased loved one died during the day and he waits until night. Do not wait for the rising or setting of the sun with your dead. Hurry them to their resting places; may Allah (swt) have mercy on you." The people replied: "And may Allah (swt) have mercy on you, O’ Messenger of Allah (saws)."

وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «كَانَ فِيمَا نَاجَى بِهِ، مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَبَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ مَا بَلَغَ مِنْ عِيَادَةِ اَلْمَرِيضِ مِنَ اَلْأَجْرِ قَالَ أُوَكِّلُ بِهِ مَلَكاً يَعُودُهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ إِلَى مَحْشَرِهِ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ فَمَا لِمَنْ غَسَلَ اَلْمَوْتَى قَالَ أَغْسِلُهُ مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِ كَيَوْمَ وَلَدَتْهُ أُمُّهُ.

Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (a.s) said: "In what Musa ibn Imran (a.s) privately spoke to his Lord (azj), the Mighty and Glorious, Musa (a.s) said: 'O’ Lord (azj), what is the reward for visiting the sick?' Allah (swt) replied: 'I will appoint an angel to visit them in their grave until the Day of Resurrection.' Musa (a.s) asked: 'O’ Lord (azj), what about the one who washes the deceased?' Allah (swt) replied: 'I will cleanse them of their sins as on the day their mother gave birth to them.'"

وَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «مَنْ غَسَّلَ مَيِّتاً مُؤْمِناً فَأَدَّى فِيهِ اَلْأَمَانَةَ غَفَرَ اَللَّهُ لَهُ» قِيلَ وَ كَيْفَ يُؤَدِّي فِيهِ اَلْأَمَانَةَ قَالَ «لاَ يُخْبِرُ بِمَا يَرَاهُ وَ حَدُّهُ إِلَى أَنْ يُدْفَنَ اَلْمَيِّتُ.

The Imam (a.s) said: "Whoever washes a deceased believer and fulfils the trust in that act, Allah (swt) will forgive them." It was asked: "How does one fulfil the trust in this matter?" Imam (a.s) replied: "By not disclosing what they see and maintaining their duty until the deceased is buried."

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «أَيُّمَا مُؤْمِنٍ غَسَّلَ مُؤْمِناً فَقَالَ إِذَا قَلَّبَهُ: اَللَّهُمَّ هَذَا بَدَنُ عَبْدِكَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ وَ قَدْ أَخْرَجْتَ رُوحَهُ مِنْهُ وَ فَرَّقْتَ بَيْنَهُمَا فَعَفْوَكَ عَفْوَكَ عَفْوَكَ إِلاَّ غَفَرَ اَللَّهُ ذُنُوبَ سَنَةٍ إِلاَّ اَلْكَبَائِرَ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "Any believer who washes the body of another believer and says while turning it: Allāhumma hādhā badan ‘abdika al-mu’min wa qad akhrajta rūḥahu minhu wa farraqta baynahumā fa‘afwuka ‘afwuka ‘afwuka 'O’ Allah (swt), this is the body of Your believing servant; You have taken their soul from it and separated them from each other, so forgive, forgive, forgive,' Allah (swt) will forgive the washer's sins for a year, except for major sins."

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ مُؤْمِنٍ يَغْسِلُ مَيِّتاً مُؤْمِناً وَ يَقُولُ وَ هُوَ يَغْسِلُهُ رَبِّ عَفْوَكَ عَفْوَكَ إِلاَّ عَفَا اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "There is no believing servant who washes a deceased believer and says while washing them: Rabbi ‘afwuka ‘afwuka 'O’ Lord (azj), Your forgiveness, Your forgiveness,' except that Allah (swt) forgives them."

وَقَالَ أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «يَغْسِلُ اَلْمَيِّتَ أَوْلَى اَلنَّاسِ بِهِ أَوْ مَنْ يَأْمُرُهُ اَلْوَلِيُّ بِذَلِكَ.

The Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (a.s) said: "The one who washes the deceased should be the closest person to them or the one whom the guardian (Wali) of the deceased appoints for this task."

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «مَنْ غَسَّلَ مَيِّتاً فَسَتَرَ وَ كَتَمَ خَرَجَ مِنَ اَلذُّنُوبِ كَيَوْمَ وَلَدَتْهُ أُمُّهُ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "Whoever washes a deceased person and conceals and keeps secret what they see, they will emerge from their sins like the day their mother gave birth to them."

وَ كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ اَلصَّفَّارُ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: كَمْ حَدُّ اَلْمَاءِ اَلَّذِي يُغْسَلُ بِهِ اَلْمَيِّتُ كَمَا رَوَوْا أَنَّ اَلْجُنُبَ يَغْتَسِلُ بِسِتَّةِ أَرْطَالٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ وَ اَلْحَائِضَ بِتِسْعَةِ أَرْطَالٍ فَهَلْ لِلْمَيِّتِ حَدٌّ مِنَ اَلْمَاءِ اَلَّذِي يُغْسَلْ بِهِ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ «حَدُّ غُسْلِ اَلْمَيِّتِ يُغْسَلُ حَتَّى يَطْهُرَ إِنْ شَاءَ اَللَّهُ تَعَالَى.

Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar wrote to Imam Hasan ibn Ali Al-Askari (a.s) asking: "What is the prescribed amount of water for washing the deceased, as it has been narrated that the junub (one in a state of major ritual impurity) bathes with six ratls of water and the menstruating woman with nine ratls of water ? Is there a prescribed amount of water for washing the deceased?" And Imam (a.s) replied in his own handwriting, saying: "The prescribed washing of the deceased is to continue until they are purified, if Allah (swt), the Exalted, wills."

وهذا التوقيع في جملة توقيعاته عندي بخطه عليه السلام في صحيفة.

This response was among a series of his responses that I possess in his handwriting on a document.

وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «لاَ يُسْخَنُ اَلْمَاءُ لِلْمَيِّتِ.

Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (a.s) said: "Water should not be heated for washing the deceased."

وَ رُوِيَ فِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ: «إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ شِتَاءً بَارِداً فَتُوَقِّيَ اَلْمَيِّتَ مِمَّا تُوَقِّي مِنْهُ نَفْسَكَ.

It is also narrated in another hadith: "Except if it is a cold winter, in which case, you should protect the deceased as you would protect yourself."

وَقَالَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: «لاَ تَدَعَنَّ مَيِّتَكَ وَحْدَهُ فَإِنَّ اَلشَّيْطَانَ يَعْبَثُ بِهِ فِي جَوْفِهِ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) said: "Do not leave your deceased alone, for Shaytan may disturb them within their body."

وَ سَأَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ أَخَاهُ مُوسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلْمَيِّتِ يُغْسَلُ فِي اَلْفَضَاءِ فَقَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ وَ إِنْ سُتِرَ بِسِتْرٍ فَهُوَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ.

Ali ibn Ja'far asked his brother Imam Musa ibn Jafar Al-Kadhim (a.s) about washing the deceased in an open space. Imam (a.s) replied: "There is no issue with it, but if they are covered with a curtain (for privacy), that is more beloved to me."

وَ سَأَلَ عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ أَ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ إِلَى اِمْرَأَتِهِ حِينَ تَمُوتُ أَوْ يَغْسِلُهَا إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهَا مَنْ يَغْسِلُهَا وَ اَلْمَرْأَةِ هَلْ تَنْظُرُ إِلَى مِثْلِ ذَلِكَ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا حِينَ يَمُوتُ فَقَالَ «لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِنَّمَا يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ أَهْلُ اَلْمَرْأَةِ كَرَاهِيَةَ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ زَوْجُهَا إِلَى شَيْءٍ يَكْرَهُونَهُ مِنْهَا.

Abdullah ibn Sinan asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) about whether it is permissible for a man to look at his wife when She dies or to wash her if there is no one else to wash her, and likewise, if a woman can do the same for her husband when he dies. Imam (a.s) replied: "There is no issue with that. It is usually the woman's family who may dislike her husband seeing something he would dislike about her."

وَ سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ فَاطِمَةَ عَلَيْهَا اَلسَّلاَمُ مَنْ غَسَلَهَا فَقَالَ «غَسَلَهَا أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ لِأَنَّهَا كَانَتْ صِدِّيقَةً لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيَغْسِلَهَا إِلاَّ صِدِّيقٌ.

Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (a.s) was asked about about who performed the washing (Ghusl) of (the body of) Sayyida Fatimah Al-Zahra (s.a)?" Imam (a.s) said: "The Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (a.s) performed her washing because She was a ‘Al-Siddiqah’ (the most truthful and righteous one) ; and her ghusl is not permitted except by a ‘Al-Siddiq’ (truthful and righteous person)."