 The Cleansing Quality of Water

The Quantity of Water that Always Remains Clean

The Case of a Small Quantity of Water, the Water with a Dead Body in it and its use by a Man to Wash His Dirty Hand in it

The Case of a Well and Things that May Fall in It (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 2-12 as well as the following chapter.)

A Well near a Cesspool

Taking Wudu’ With Water from Which Animals, Beasts and Birds Have Drunk

Taking Wudu’ with the Water from Which a Woman during Her Hayd (menses), People After Having Carnal Relations, a Jew, a Christian or a Person Hostile toward ’A’immah Has Drunk (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 4-6 of this chapter.)

A Man Places His Hand in the Water before Washing, the Limit of Washing Hands Because of Carnal Relations, Urination, Feces and Sleeping

Mixing of Rain Water with Urine, with Water Used for Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Carnal Relations, Touching of One’s Cloth with Water Used for Washing Because of Urine

Water of Bath Houses and Water Heated by the Sun’s Rays

Places Not Desirable to Use as a Lavatory

Expressions to Say When Entering a Lavatory and When Coming Out

Draining Urine, Washing and If One Does Not Find Water

The Quantity of Water Required for Wudu’, Showers and One Who Is Excessive in the Use of Water for Wudu’

Brushing One’s Teeth

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils

Description of Wudu’

The Area of the Face and Hands to be Washed for Wudu’

Wiping of Head and Feet

Wiping Over the Shoes

Bandages and Wounds

Facing Doubts about Wudu’ Forgetting or Mixing Proper Order

Matters that Invalidate or Do not Invalidate Wudu’

One’s Stepping over Feces or Other Such Things

Certain Fluid, Which Is Other than Urine and Semen

Kinds of Ghusl (bath)

Matters Covered by Ghusl (bath)

Necessity of Ghusl (bath) on Friday

Description of Ghusl (bath), Wudu’ Before or Thereafter and a Man’s Ghusl (bath) in an Improper Place, Expressions to Say During Taking Ghusl (bath) and Moving a Ring During Ghusl (bath)

Reason Necessitating Ghusl (bath) for Men and Women

Wet Dreams of Men and Women

Finding Fluid Coming Out after Ghusl (bath)

One after Carnal Relations Eats, Drinks, Reads, Enters a Masjid, Dyes Hair, Uses Fragrance and So On

One after Carnal Relation Sweats in His Clothes, Clothes Touch His Wet Body

Semen or Al-Madhiy Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine of Animals and Their Dung

Clothes Come in Contact with Blood and Pus

Dogs Touching Clothes, Body and So On

Description of Tayammum

When Tayammum Is Necessary and Finding Water Thereafter

One’s having Little Water on a Journey but Is Afraid of Facing Thirst

One’s Experiencing Carnal Relations and Having Only Ice

Taking Tayammum with Clay

Bandages, Injuries, One’s Suffering from Smallpox and or Experiencing Carnal Relations

Rare Ahadith about Wudu’

Chapters on Hayd (menses)

Minimum and Maximum Duration of Hayd

Women’s Experiencing Hayd After or Before Their Date of Hayd

Women Observe Yellowish Blood Before or After Hayd (menses)

First Time Hayd (menses)

Examining if Hayd (menses) has Ended or Not

Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Hayd and the Kind of Water Needed

Women Find Blood after Sexual Relation

Comprehensive Instructions About Hayd (menses) and Istihadah (irregular menses)

Signs for Differentiating Between Blood of Hayd and Istihadah

Differentiating Among Blood of Hayd, Virginity or a Wound

Pregnant Woman Finds Blood

Blood Because of Childbirth

Blood Discharge after a Woman’s Experiencing Discharge-Free Period after Childbirth and Blood Discharge before Birth or after Childbirth

Matters Necessary for Women during Hayd at the Times of Salah (prayer)

Women Find Hayd Blood after the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) Before Performing It Or Become Clean Before the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) But Are Too Lazy for Ghusl (bath)

Women Feel Hayd during Salah (Prayer)

Women Must Make-up-for Fasting Because of Hayd but Not Salah (Prayer) 

Women’s Reading the Holy Quran During Hayd or Child-birth 

Women during Hayd Can Pick up Things from a Masjid but Must Not Leave Anything Therein

Women’s Hayd (menses) Stops, Comes Again and the Time of Menopause

Women’s Using Medicine to Have Hayd (menses) after It Stops 

Using Dye during Hayd (menses) 

Washing Clothes of Women during Hayd 

Women During Hayd Pick up Prayer Rug or Water 

Causes of Death and that Believing People May Die by any Manner of Dying 

The Reward for a Person Suffering from Illness 

Another Section on the Same Subject 

The Limits of Complaints 

A Patient’s Giving Permission to His Visitors 

How Often a Patient Should Be Visited, How Long the Duration of Visitation Should Be and Complete Visit 

The Limit of a Sudden Death 

The Virtue (Reward) of Visiting a Patient 

Dictations to a Dying Person

Difficulty in Dying (If Dying Becomes Difficult and the Agony of Death Intense) 

Facing the Dying Person Toward Qiblah

A Believing Person Is Not Caused to Die Against His Will

Things that Believers and Unbelievers See in Dying Conditions

Taking out of the Souls of Believing and Unbelievers

Burial Should Take Place Immediately

Rare Ahadith

Women during Hayd Nurse a Patient (The following chapters are about rules of washing a dead body for burial, shrouding and other matters of burial, and are best explained in the form of fatwa. Consult current fatwa about them.)

Washing a Dead Body

Hunut (Rubbing Camphor) on a Dead Body and Shrouding

Shrouding a Deceased Women

Undesirability of Perfuming the Shroud or Warming Water for Washing Dead Bodies

The Desirable Pieces of Shroud and the Undesirable Ones

The Amount of Water Needed for Ghusl (bath) of a Deceased Person

The Two Fresh Al-Jaridah (Twigs of Palm Tree)

Persons Dead Without Shower Due to Carnal Relations Hayd or Child Birth Reasons

Chapter 26- Dead Woman with a Baby Moving Inside Her

Cutting of Nails and Hairs of Dead Person Undesirable

Things Coming Out of a Dead Body after Ghusl (bath)

Washing of Persons of opposite Gender

1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ فِي كُلِّ مِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ خَمْسَةُ دَرَاهِمَ مِنَ الْفِضَّةِ وَإِنْ نَقَصَ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ زَكَاةٌ وَمِنَ الذَّهَبِ مِنْ كُلِّ عِشْرِينَ دِينَاراً نِصْفُ دِينَارٍ وَإِنْ نَقَصَ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ شَيْ‏ءٌ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘On every two hundred dirham of silver Zakat is five dirham, and on less than two hundred Zakat is not due. On every twenty Dinar of gold half dinar is Zakat and on less than this Zakat is not due.’” 

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ النَّخَّاسِ قَالَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فَقَالَ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ صَائِغٌ أَعْمَلُ بِيَدِي وَإِنَّهُ يَجْتَمِعُ عِنْدِيَ الْخَمْسَةُ وَالْعَشَرَةُ فَفِيهَا زَكَاةٌ فَقَالَ إِذَا اجْتَمَعَ مِائَتَا دِرْهَمٍ فَحَالَ عَلَيْهَا الْحَوْلُ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهَا الزَّكَاةَ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Rifa‘ah al-Nakhkhas who has said the following: “Once, a man asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘I am a jeweler and I make jewelry with my own hands. Five or ten accumulates with me. Is Zakat due on it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If two hundred accumulates and it remains in your possession for one year then Zakat is due.”’ 

3ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ وَعِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالاَ لَيْسَ فِيمَا دُونَ الْعِشْرِينَ مِثْقَالاً مِنَ الذَّهَبِ شَيْ‏ءٌ فَإِذَا كَمَلَتْ عِشْرِينَ مِثْقَالاً فَفِيهَا نِصْفُ مِثْقَالٍ إِلَى أَرْبَعَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ فَإِذَا كَمَلَتْ أَرْبَعَةً وَعِشْرِينَ فَفِيهَا ثَلاَثَةُ أَخْمَاسِ دِينَارٍ إِلَى ثَمَانِيَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ فَعَلَى هَذَا الْحِسَابِ كُلَّمَا زَادَ أَرْبَعَةً.

3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ibn Faddal from Ali ibn ‘Uqbah and A number of our people have narrated from who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, and abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, have said, ‘Zakat is not due on what is less than twenty Mithqal of gold. If it is a complete twenty Mithqal, half Mithqal is Zakat thereof. Once it becomes complete twenty-four, then three-fifth of a dinar is Zakat thereof up until it is twenty-eight. Thereafter on the increase of every four, three-fifth of a dinar is Zakat thereof.’” 

4ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا جَازَتِ الزَّكَاةُ الْعِشْرِينَ دِينَاراً فَفِي كُلِّ أَرْبَعَةِ دَنَانِيرَ عُشْرُ دِينَارٍ.

4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from ibn ‘Uyaynah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Once the amount of gold becomes more than twenty dinar then on every four dinar Zakat is one out of ten dinar.’” 

5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الذَّهَبِ كَمْ فِيهِ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ فَقَالَ إِذَا بَلَغَ قِيمَتُهُ مِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ فَعَلَيْهِ الزَّكَاةُ.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad, from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about gold and the amount of its Zakat. He (the Imam) said, ‘Once its value amounts up to two hundred dirham then Zakat is payable.’” 

6ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ بَشَّارٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فِي كَمْ وَضَعَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) الزَّكَاةَ فَقَالَ فِي كُلِّ مِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ خَمْسَةَ دَرَاهِمَ فَإِنْ نَقَصَتْ فَلاَ زَكَاةَ فِيهَا وَفِي الذَّهَبِ فَفِي كُلِّ عِشْرِينَ دِينَاراً نِصْفُ دِينَارٍ فَإِنْ نَقَصَتْ فَلاَ زَكَاةَ فِيهَا.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Husayn ibn Bashshar who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), ‘How much Zakat, the Messenger of Allah has levied? He (the Imam) said, ‘It is five dirham on every two hundred and if it is less, then Zakat is not due. On every twenty dinar of gold Zakat is half dinar and Zakat is not due on less than twenty dinar.’” 

7ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ مَا أَقَلُّ مَا يَكُونُ فِيهِ الزَّكَاةُ قَالَ مِائَتَا دِرْهَمٍ وَعِدْلُهَا مِنَ الذَّهَبِ قَالَ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ النَّيِّفِ وَالْخَمْسَةِ وَالْعَشَرَةِ قَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‏ءٌ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ أَرْبَعِينَ فَيُعْطَى مِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ دِرْهَماً دِرْهَمٌ.

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was once asked about the minimum Zakat on gold and silver. He (the Imam) said, ‘The minimum is two hundred and the equivalent of it of gold.’ I then asked about fifteen and change. He (the Imam) said, ‘Zakat is not due on it until it becomes forty, then for every forty Zakat is one dirham.’” 

8ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ تِسْعُونَ وَمِائَةُ دِرْهَمٍ وَتِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ دِينَاراً أَ عَلَيْهَا فِي الزَّكَاةِ شَيْ‏ءٌ فَقَالَ إِذَا اجْتَمَعَ الذَّهَبُ وَالْفِضَّةُ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ مِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ فَفِيهَا الزَّكَاةُ لأَنَّ عَيْنَ الْمَالِ الدَّرَاهِمُ وَكُلُّ مَا خَلاَ الدَّرَاهِمَ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ أَوْ مَتَاعٍ فَهُوَ عَرْضٌ مَرْدُودٌ ذَلِكَ إِلَى الدَّرَاهِمِ فِي الزَّكَاةِ وَالدِّيَاتِ.

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ’Isma‘il ibn Marrar from Yunus from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once said to abu Ibrahim (a.s.), ‘There is one hundred ninety dirham and nineteen dinar. Is there Zakat on it? He (the Imam) said, ‘If gold and silver together amount to two hundred dirham, then there is Zakat payable, because dirham represents the value of wealth and items other than dirham like gold and goods are evaluated on the basis of dirham in matters of Zakat and compensations.’” 

9ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ هِلاَلٍ عَنِ الْعَلاَءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ زَيْدٍ الصَّائِغِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِنِّي كُنْتُ فِي قَرْيَةٍ مِنْ قُرَى خُرَاسَانَ يُقَالُ لَهَا بُخَارَى فَرَأَيْتُ فِيهَا دَرَاهِمَ تُعْمَلُ ثُلُثٌ فِضَّةٌ وَثُلُثٌ مِسٌّ وَثُلُثٌ رَصَاصٌ وَكَانَتْ تَجُوزُ عِنْدَهُمْ وَكُنْتُ أَعْمَلُهَا وَأُنْفِقُهَا قَالَ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِذَا كَانَتْ تَجُوزُ عِنْدَهُمْ فَقُلْتُ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ حَالَ عَلَيْهَا الْحَوْلُ وَهِيَ عِنْدِي وَفِيهَا مَا يَجِبُ عَلَيَّ فِيهِ الزَّكَاةُ أُزَكِّيهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنَّمَا هُوَ مَالُكَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ أَخْرَجْتُهَا إِلَى بَلْدَةٍ لاَ يُنْفَقُ فِيهَا مِثْلُهَا فَبَقِيَتْ عِنْدِي حَتَّى يَحُولَ عَلَيْهَا الْحَوْلُ أُزَكِّيهَا قَالَ إِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْرِفُ أَنَّ فِيهَا مِنَ الْفِضَّةِ الْخَالِصَةِ مَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْكَ فِيهَا الزَّكَاةُ فَزَكِّ مَا كَانَ لَكَ فِيهَا مِنَ الْفِضَّةِ الْخَالِصَةِ وَدَعْ مَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْخَبِيثِ قُلْتُ وَإِنْ كُنْتُ لاَ أَعْلَمُ مَا فِيهَا مِنَ الْفِضَّةِ الْخَالِصَةِ إِلاَّ أَنِّي أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ فِيهَا مَا يَجِبُ فِيهِ الزَّكَاةُ قَالَ فَاسْبِكْهَا حَتَّى تَخْلُصَ الْفِضَّةُ وَيَحْتَرِقَ الْخَبِيثُ ثُمَّ يُزَكَّى مَا خَلَصَ مِنَ الْفِضَّةِ لِسَنَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ. 

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Hilal from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Zayd al-Sa‘igh who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that I have been in a town in Khurasan called Bukhara’. I saw dirhams used there had one-third of silver, one-third of copper and one-third of lead and it was lawful among them. I would use and spend them. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘There is no offence in it if it is lawful among them.’ I then asked, ‘If it remains with me for one year with other goods, is there Zakat on it? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, there is Zakat on it; it is of your assets.’ I then asked, ‘If I take it to a town where they are not accepted and used and it remains with me for one whole year. Is there Zakat on it? He (the Imam) said, ‘If you know that there is pure silver in it which amounts to a quantity subject to Zakat, then you must pay Zakat thereof for pure silver therein and leave the rest of dirt.’ I then asked, ‘If I do not know the amount of pure silver in it, however I know that the amount of silver existing is the amount which is subject to Zakat.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Cast it until silver is pure and dirt is burned, then after passing of one year it becomes subject to Zakat.” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

Book 5, Chapter 9