80. Rules about Sailors and People Traveling Very often
Back to book1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَرْبَعَةٌ قَدْ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِمُ التَّمَامُ فِي السَّفَرِ كَانُوا أَوِ الْحَضَرِ الْمُكَارِي وَالْكَرِيُّ وَالرَّاعِي وَالاشْتِقَانُ لأَنَّهُ عَمَلُهُمْ.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan all from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, Tour kinds of people are required to perform their Salah (prayer) as complete on a journey or when at home. Of such people are muleteers, al-kariy (workers of muleteers), shepherds and mailmen, because it is their work.’” “In another Hadith it is said that a muleteer performs his Salah (prayer) as reduced if his journey becomes condensed which means, completing two days, journey in one day.”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: صحيح 1 - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (5/384)
2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْعَلاَءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما الْسَّلام) قَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَى الْمَلاَّحِينَ فِي سَفِينَتِهِمْ تَقْصِيرٌ وَلاَ عَلَى الْمُكَارِي وَالْجَمَّالِ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى الْمُكَارِي إِذَا جَدَّ بِهِ السَّيْرُ فَلْيُقَصِّرْ. قَالَ وَمَعْنَى جَدَّ بِهِ السَّيْرُ يَجْعَلُ مَنْزِلَيْنِ مَنْزِلاً.
2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Safwan ibn Yahya from al-‘Ala’ from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “One of the two Imam, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Sailors when in their vessel are not required to perform their Salah (prayer) as reduced as well as muleteers and camel drivers.’ In another Hadith it is said that muleteers perform their Salah (prayer) as reduced when the journey becomes condensed, like walking two days of journey in one day.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: صحيح وآخره مرسل 1 - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (5/385)
3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى ضَيْعَتِهِ وَيُقِيمُ الْيَوْمَ وَالْيَوْمَيْنِ وَالثَّلاَثَةَ أَ يُقَصِّرُ أَمْ يُتِمُّ قَالَ يُتِمُّ الصَّلاَةَ كُلَّمَا أَتَى ضَيْعَةً مِنْ ضِيَاعِهِ.
3. Muhammad ibn al-Hassan and others have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida’, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who has a country estate where he goes and stays for one, two or three days. Is he required to perform his Salah (prayer) complete or reduced? He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to perform his Salah (prayer) complete whenever he is there.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف على المشهور - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (15/387)
4ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَصَيَّدُ الْيَوْمَ وَالْيَوْمَيْنِ وَالثَّلاَثَةَ أَ يَقْصُرُ الصَّلاَةَ قَالَ لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُشَيِّعَ الرَّجُلُ أَخَاهُ فِي الدِّينِ وَإِنَّ التَّصَيُّدَ مَسِيرٌ بَاطِلٌ لاَ تُقْصَرُ الصَّلاَةُ فِيهِ وَقَالَ يَقْصُرُ إِذَا شَيَّعَ أَخَاهُ. عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ مِثْلَهُ.
4. Muhammad ibn al-Hassan has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ali ibn Asbat from ibn Bukayr who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who goes hunting for one, two or three days. Is he required to perform his Salah (prayer) as reduced? He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot perform as reduced. However if one escorts one’s brother in belief, then it is permissible to do so. Hunting is a way of falsehood and Salah (prayer) is not performed as reduced.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When you escort your brother in religion you can perform your Salah (prayer) as reduced.’” “A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Barqiy from certain persons of his people from Ali ibn Asbat a similar Hadith.
5ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ الأعْرَابُ لاَ يُقَصِّرُونَ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ مَنَازِلَهُمْ مَعَهُمْ.
5. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Khalid from his father from Sulayman ibn Ja‘far al- Ja‘fariy from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Arabs (desert dwellers) do not perform their Salah (prayer) as reduced because their homes are with them.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مرسل - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (15/387)
6ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ لَهُ الضِّيَاعُ بَعْضُهَا قَرِيبٌ مِنْ بَعْضٍ يَخْرُجُ فَيُقِيمُ فِيهَا يُتِمُّ أَوْ يُقَصِّرُ قَالَ يُتِمُّ.
6. Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan, from Muhammad ibn abu ‘Umayr, from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al- Hajjaj who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who has certain country estates which are near each other to which he goes and stays. Is he required to perform his Salah (prayer) as complete or reduced? He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to perform his Salah (prayer) as complete.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مجهول كالصحيح - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (15/388)
7ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فِي قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَمَنِ اضْطُرَّ غَيْرَ باغٍ وَلا عادٍ قَالَ الْبَاغِي بَاغِي الصَّيْدِ وَالْعَادِي السَّارِقُ لَيْسَ لَهُمَا أَنْ يَأْكُلاَ الْمَيْتَةَ إِذَا اضْطُرَّا إِلَيْهَا هِيَ حَرَامٌ عَلَيْهِمَا لَيْسَ هِيَ عَلَيْهِمَا كَمَا هِيَ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَلَيْسَ لَهُمَا أَنْ يُقَصِّرَا فِي الصَّلاَةِ.
7. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Washsha’ from Hammad ibn ‘Uthaman who has said the following: “About the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘. . . one who is compelled and who is not a rebel or transgressor. . .’(2:168) abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, This rebel is a rebel to hunt. The transgressor is a thief and they do have permission to eat dead animals when they are compelled; it is unlawful for them. It is not for them as it is for the Muslims and they must not perform their Salah (prayer) as reduced (when hunting or stealing)”’
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف على المشهور 1 - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (5/389)
8ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى الصَّيْدِ أَ يُقَصِّرُ أَمْ يُتِمُّ قَالَ يُتِمُّ لأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِمَسِيرِ حَقٍّ.
8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who goes for hunting. Can he perform his Salah (prayer) as reduced? He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to perform his Salah (prayer) as complete, because it is not a journey in the way of truth.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: موثق - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (15/389)
9ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَلاَّحِينَ وَالأعْرَابِ هَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ تَقْصِيرٌ قَالَ لاَ بُيُوتُهُمْ مَعَهُمْ.
9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of sailors and desert dwelling Arabs. Can they perform their Salah (prayer) as reduced? He (the Imam) said, ‘No, they cannot do so because their homes are with them.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: موثق 1 - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (5/389)
10ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ الْقُمِّيِّ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى الصَّيْدِ مَسِيرَةَ يَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ يُقَصِّرُ أَوْ يُتِمُّ فَقَالَ إِنْ خَرَجَ لِقُوتِهِ وَقُوتِ عِيَالِهِ فَلْيُفْطِرْ وَلْيُقَصِّرْ وَإِنْ خَرَجَ لِطَلَبِ الْفُضُولِ فَلاَ وَلاَ كَرَامَةَ.
10. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Imran ibn Muhammad from ‘Imran al-Qummiy from certain persons of our people who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who goes hunting to a place which is one or two day’s journey away. Is he required to perform his Salah (prayer) as complete or reduced? He (the Imam) said, ‘If he goes to provide for his family, he is not required to fast, and performs his Salah (prayer) as reduced. If he goes in search for useless reasons then he cannot perform his Salah (prayer) as reduced and it is not honorable.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مرسل 1 - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (5/389)
11ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَزَّكٍ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنَّ لِي جِمَالاً وَلِي قُوَّامٌ عَلَيْهَا وَقَدْ أَخْرُجُ فِيهَا إِلَى طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ لِرَغْبَةٍ فِي الْحَجِّ أَوْ فِي النَّدْرَةِ إِلَى بَعْضِ الْمَوَاضِعِ فَهَلْ يَجِبُ عَلَيَّ التَّقْصِيرُ فِي الصَّلاَةِ وَالصِّيَامِ فَوَقَّعَ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِنْ كُنْتَ لاَ تَلْزَمُهَا وَلاَ تَخْرُجُ مَعَهَا فِي كُلِّ سَفَرٍ إِلاَّ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَعَلَيْكَ تَقْصِيرٌ وَفُطُورٌ.
11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn Ja‘far from Muhammad ibn Jazzak who has said the following: “I once wrote to him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause. I have a few camels and I have a caretaker for them. At certain times I go to them on the way to Makkah because of desire for Hajj or for al-Nadrah (rarely) in certain places. Is it necessary to perform my Salah (prayer) as complete and fast, or as reduced? He (the Imam) wrote in answer, ‘If you are not always with them and do not go on the journey with them all the time except the journey to Makkah, you must perform your Salah (prayer) as reduced and do not fast.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: صحيح 1 - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (5/390)