Al-Kāfi

1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّلاَةِ بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ إِذَا لَمْ تُرَ الشَّمْسُ وَلاَ الْقَمَرُ وَلاَ النُّجُومُ قَالَ اجْتَهِدْ رَأْيَكَ وَتَعَمَّدِ الْقِبْلَةَ جُهْدَكَ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah, who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about performing Salah (prayer) during the night and during the day when the sun, the moon and stars cannot be seen. He (the Imam) said, ‘ Strive to come up with your best opinion about al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah).’”

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله الْفَرَّاءِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا رُبَّمَا اشْتَبَهَ الْوَقْتُ عَلَيْنَا فِي يَوْمِ الْغَيْمِ فَقَالَ تَعْرِفُ هَذِهِ الطُّيُورَ الَّتِي عِنْدَكُمْ بِالْعِرَاقِ يُقَالُ لَهَا الدِّيَكَةُ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ إِذَا ارْتَفَعَتْ أَصْوَاتُهَا وَتَجَاوَبَتْ فَقَدْ زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ أَوْ قَالَ فَصَلِّهْ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from abu ‘Abd Allah, al-Farra’ who has said the following: “A man from our people once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘In a cloudy day sometimes the identifying the exact time becomes confusing.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Are you aware of the existence of these birds, in Iraq, called al-Dikah (rooster)?’ He (the man) replied, ‘Yes, I am aware.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When they raise their voices and others respond, it is the time when the sun declines toward the west at noontime, or that he (the Imam) said, ‘You must perform Salah (prayer).”’

3ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله عَامِرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ وَأَنْتَ عَلَى غَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ فَاسْتَبَانَ لَكَ أَنَّكَ صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى غَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ وَأَنْتَ فِي وَقْتٍ فَأَعِدْ فَإِنْ فَاتَكَ الْوَقْتُ فَلاَ تُعِدْ.

3. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir, from Ali ibn Mahziyar from Fadalah ibn Ayyub, from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn abu ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘You may perform a Salah (prayer) without facing al- Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah). You must perform it again, only if you realize it in time. If the time is gone, it is not obligatory for you to perform it again.’”

4ـ وَبِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ صَلَّى الْغَدَاةَ بِلَيْلٍ غَرَّهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْقَمَرُ وَنَامَ حَتَّى طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَأُخْبِرَ أَنَّهُ صَلَّى بِلَيْلٍ قَالَ يُعِيدُ صَلاَتَهُ.

4. Through the same chain of narrators as that of the previous Hadith it is narrated from Fadalah from Aban from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about a man who performs the morning Salah (prayer) during the night mistakenly because of moon light and then goes to sleep until sunrise and he then is informed of having performed his morning Salah (prayer) during the night, has said, ‘He must perform it again.’”

5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِنِّي رَجُلٌ مُؤَذِّنٌ فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْغَيْمِ لَمْ أَعْرِفِ الْوَقْتَ فَقَالَ إِذَا صَاحَ الدِّيكُ ثَلاَثَةَ أَصْوَاتٍ وِلاَءً فَقَدْ زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَقَدْ دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الصَّلاَةِ.

5. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Nawfaliy from al-FIusayn ibn al-Mukhtar from a man who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I am a Mu’adhdhin (caller for Salah (prayer)). On a cloudy day I cannot find when time for a Salah (prayer) begins.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When the rooster crows three times consecutively, it is time when the sun has declined toward the west at noontime, thus it is time for Salah (prayer).”’

6ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي الْبِلاَدِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ مَنْ صَلَّى فِي غَيْرِ وَقْتٍ فَلاَ صَلاَةَ لَهُ.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Salmah ibn al-Khattab, from Yahya ibn Ibrahim ibn abu al-Bilad from his father from abu Basir from who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One who performs a Salah (prayer) when it is not its time; his Salah (prayer) is not valid.’”

7ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يُجْزِئُ التَّحَرِّي أَبَداً إِذَا لَمْ يُعْلَمْ أَيْنَ وَجْهُ الْقِبْلَةِ.

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Hammad from Flariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Al-Taharriy (investigation) is always sufficient in the issue of finding al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah).’”

8ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ السَّابَاطِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ صَلَّى عَلَى غَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ فَيَعْلَمُ وَهُوَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَفْرُغَ مِنْ صَلاَتِهِ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ مُتَوَجِّهاً فِيمَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ فَلْيُحَوِّلْ وَجْهَهُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ سَاعَةَ يَعْلَمُ وَإِنْ كَانَ مُتَوَجِّهاً إِلَى دُبُرِ الْقِبْلَةِ فَلْيَقْطَعِ الصَّلاَةَ ثُمَّ يُحَوِّلُ وَجْهَهُ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ ثُمَّ يَفْتَتِحُ الصَّلاَةَ.

8. Ahmad ibn Idris and Muhammad ibn Yahya have narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan ibn Ali from ‘Amr ibn Sa‘id from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah from ‘Ammar al-Sabatiy who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that a man may perform a Salah (prayer) without facing proper al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah). He may realize it before completing the Salah (prayer). If his face is within one hundred eighty degrees of the al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah) he must turn to al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah) as soon as he realizes. If his back is toward al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah), he must discontinue the Salah (prayer), then turn to al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah) and begin the Salah (prayer) again.”’

9ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ فِي قَفْرٍ مِنَ الأرْضِ فِي يَوْمِ غَيْمٍ فَيُصَلِّي لِغَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ ثُمَّ يُصْحِي فَيَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ صَلَّى لِغَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ فِي وَقْتٍ فَلْيُعِدْ صَلاَتَهُ وَإِنْ كَانَ مَضَى الْوَقْتُ فَحَسْبُهُ اجْتِهَادُهُ.

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim from Sulayman ibn Khalid who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who is in unpopulated land on a cloudy day and performs Salah (prayer) facing a wrong direction. Clouds then clear and he finds out about his Salah (prayer) having been performed facing a wrong direction. What he must do? He (the Imam) said, ‘If there is still time, he must do his Salah (prayer) again but if the time is passed, then whatever investigation he has done is sufficient.’”

10ـ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنْ قِبْلَةِ الْمُتَحَيِّرِ فَقَالَ يُصَلِّي حَيْثُ يَشَاءُ. وَرُوِيَ أَيْضاً أَنَّهُ يُصَلِّي إِلَى أَرْبَعِ جَوَانِبَ.

10. It is a narration from him (narrator of previous Hadith) by Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from certain persons of our people from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah) for one who is confused. He (the Imam) said, ‘He performs as he wishes.’ It is also narrated that he performs Salah (prayer) facing four directions.”

11ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ وَأَنْتَ تَرَى أَنَّكَ فِي وَقْتٍ وَلَمْ يَدْخُلِ الْوَقْتُ فَدَخَلَ الْوَقْتُ وَأَنْتَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ فَقَدْ أَجْزَأَتْ عَنْكَ.

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ’Isma‘il ibn Rabah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If you perform Salah (prayer) and you think it is time, when in fact is not time yet, but the time comes when you are still performing that Salah (prayer) it is sufficient.’”

12ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ هَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) يُصَلِّي إِلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَقُلْتُ أَ كَانَ يَجْعَلُ الْكَعْبَةَ خَلْفَ ظَهْرِهِ فَقَالَ أَمَّا إِذَا كَانَ بِمَكَّةَ فَلاَ وَأَمَّا إِذَا هَاجَرَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَنَعَمْ حَتَّى حُوِّلَ إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ.

12. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘Did the Messenger of Allah perform Salah (prayer) facing Bayt al-Maqdis?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘Yes, he did so.’ I then asked, ‘Would he turn his back toward al-Ka‘bah?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘When in Makkah he did not do so; but when he migrated to al-Madinah, he did so until he turned to al-Ka‘bah.’”