 The Cleansing Quality of Water

The Quantity of Water that Always Remains Clean

The Case of a Small Quantity of Water, the Water with a Dead Body in it and its use by a Man to Wash His Dirty Hand in it

The Case of a Well and Things that May Fall in It (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 2-12 as well as the following chapter.)

A Well near a Cesspool

Taking Wudu’ With Water from Which Animals, Beasts and Birds Have Drunk

Taking Wudu’ with the Water from Which a Woman during Her Hayd (menses), People After Having Carnal Relations, a Jew, a Christian or a Person Hostile toward ’A’immah Has Drunk (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 4-6 of this chapter.)

A Man Places His Hand in the Water before Washing, the Limit of Washing Hands Because of Carnal Relations, Urination, Feces and Sleeping

Mixing of Rain Water with Urine, with Water Used for Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Carnal Relations, Touching of One’s Cloth with Water Used for Washing Because of Urine

Water of Bath Houses and Water Heated by the Sun’s Rays

Places Not Desirable to Use as a Lavatory

Expressions to Say When Entering a Lavatory and When Coming Out

Draining Urine, Washing and If One Does Not Find Water

The Quantity of Water Required for Wudu’, Showers and One Who Is Excessive in the Use of Water for Wudu’

Brushing One’s Teeth

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils

Description of Wudu’

The Area of the Face and Hands to be Washed for Wudu’

Wiping of Head and Feet

Wiping Over the Shoes

Bandages and Wounds

Facing Doubts about Wudu’ Forgetting or Mixing Proper Order

Matters that Invalidate or Do not Invalidate Wudu’

One’s Stepping over Feces or Other Such Things

Certain Fluid, Which Is Other than Urine and Semen

Kinds of Ghusl (bath)

Matters Covered by Ghusl (bath)

Necessity of Ghusl (bath) on Friday

Description of Ghusl (bath), Wudu’ Before or Thereafter and a Man’s Ghusl (bath) in an Improper Place, Expressions to Say During Taking Ghusl (bath) and Moving a Ring During Ghusl (bath)

Reason Necessitating Ghusl (bath) for Men and Women

Wet Dreams of Men and Women

Finding Fluid Coming Out after Ghusl (bath)

One after Carnal Relations Eats, Drinks, Reads, Enters a Masjid, Dyes Hair, Uses Fragrance and So On

One after Carnal Relation Sweats in His Clothes, Clothes Touch His Wet Body

Semen or Al-Madhiy Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine of Animals and Their Dung

Clothes Come in Contact with Blood and Pus

Dogs Touching Clothes, Body and So On

Description of Tayammum

When Tayammum Is Necessary and Finding Water Thereafter

One’s having Little Water on a Journey but Is Afraid of Facing Thirst

One’s Experiencing Carnal Relations and Having Only Ice

Taking Tayammum with Clay

Bandages, Injuries, One’s Suffering from Smallpox and or Experiencing Carnal Relations

Rare Ahadith about Wudu’

Chapters on Hayd (menses)

Minimum and Maximum Duration of Hayd

Women’s Experiencing Hayd After or Before Their Date of Hayd

Women Observe Yellowish Blood Before or After Hayd (menses)

First Time Hayd (menses)

Examining if Hayd (menses) has Ended or Not

Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Hayd and the Kind of Water Needed

Women Find Blood after Sexual Relation

Comprehensive Instructions About Hayd (menses) and Istihadah (irregular menses)

Signs for Differentiating Between Blood of Hayd and Istihadah

Differentiating Among Blood of Hayd, Virginity or a Wound

Pregnant Woman Finds Blood

Blood Because of Childbirth

Blood Discharge after a Woman’s Experiencing Discharge-Free Period after Childbirth and Blood Discharge before Birth or after Childbirth

Matters Necessary for Women during Hayd at the Times of Salah (prayer)

Women Find Hayd Blood after the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) Before Performing It Or Become Clean Before the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) But Are Too Lazy for Ghusl (bath)

Women Feel Hayd during Salah (Prayer)

Women Must Make-up-for Fasting Because of Hayd but Not Salah (Prayer) 

Women’s Reading the Holy Quran During Hayd or Child-birth 

Women during Hayd Can Pick up Things from a Masjid but Must Not Leave Anything Therein

Women’s Hayd (menses) Stops, Comes Again and the Time of Menopause

Women’s Using Medicine to Have Hayd (menses) after It Stops 

Using Dye during Hayd (menses) 

Washing Clothes of Women during Hayd 

Women During Hayd Pick up Prayer Rug or Water 

Causes of Death and that Believing People May Die by any Manner of Dying 

The Reward for a Person Suffering from Illness 

Another Section on the Same Subject 

The Limits of Complaints 

A Patient’s Giving Permission to His Visitors 

How Often a Patient Should Be Visited, How Long the Duration of Visitation Should Be and Complete Visit 

The Limit of a Sudden Death 

The Virtue (Reward) of Visiting a Patient 

Dictations to a Dying Person

Difficulty in Dying (If Dying Becomes Difficult and the Agony of Death Intense) 

Facing the Dying Person Toward Qiblah

A Believing Person Is Not Caused to Die Against His Will

Things that Believers and Unbelievers See in Dying Conditions

Taking out of the Souls of Believing and Unbelievers

Burial Should Take Place Immediately

Rare Ahadith

Women during Hayd Nurse a Patient (The following chapters are about rules of washing a dead body for burial, shrouding and other matters of burial, and are best explained in the form of fatwa. Consult current fatwa about them.)

Washing a Dead Body

Hunut (Rubbing Camphor) on a Dead Body and Shrouding

Shrouding a Deceased Women

Undesirability of Perfuming the Shroud or Warming Water for Washing Dead Bodies

The Desirable Pieces of Shroud and the Undesirable Ones

The Amount of Water Needed for Ghusl (bath) of a Deceased Person

The Two Fresh Al-Jaridah (Twigs of Palm Tree)

Persons Dead Without Shower Due to Carnal Relations Hayd or Child Birth Reasons

Chapter 26- Dead Woman with a Baby Moving Inside Her

Cutting of Nails and Hairs of Dead Person Undesirable

Things Coming Out of a Dead Body after Ghusl (bath)

Washing of Persons of opposite Gender

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) لِيَتَزَيَّنْ أَحَدُكُمْ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ يَغْتَسِلُ وَيَتَطَيَّبُ وَيُسَرِّحُ لِحْيَتَهُ وَيَلْبَسُ أَنْظَفَ ثِيَابِهِ وَلْيَتَهَيَّأْ لِلْجُمُعَةِ وَلْيَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ السَّكِينَةُ وَالْوَقَارُ وَلْيُحْسِنْ عِبَادَةَ رَبِّهِ وَلْيَفْعَلِ الْخَيْرَ مَا اسْتَطَاعَ فَإِنَّ الله يَطَّلِعُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الأرْضِ لِيُضَاعِفَ الْحَسَنَاتِ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman from Hisham ibn al-Hakam who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Everyone of you should take a shower, apply fragrance, comb your beard, dress up in your best dress and prepare himself for Friday. On that day, he should be serene and dignified. He should make his worshipping his Lord to be the best and do as much good as he can; Allah watches over the people of earth to double their good deeds.”’ 

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ عَنْ عُمَرَ الْجُرْجَانِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْعَلاَءِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ مَنْ أَخَذَ مِنْ شَارِبِهِ وَقَلَّمَ مِنْ أَظْفَارِهِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ بِسْمِ الله عَلَى سُنَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَتَبَ الله لَهُ بِكُلِّ شَعْرَةٍ وَكُلِّ قُلاَمَةٍ عِتْقَ رَقَبَةٍ وَلَمْ يَمْرَضْ مَرَضاً يُصِيبُهُ إِلاَّ مَرَضَ الْمَوْتِ.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from ‘Umar al-Jurjaniy from Muhammad ibn al-‘Ala’ who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘One may, on Friday trim his mustache and fingernails. In so doing if one says, “(I do this) in the name of Allah and because of the Sunnah (traditions) of the Holy Prophet, Muhammad, and his family,” Allah writes for him for every hair and piece of fingernail a reward equal to freeing a slave. He will not become ill to a harmful degree except the illness that causes his death.’” 

3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ الْغُسْلُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ عَلَى الرِّجَالِ وَالنِّسَاءِ فِي الْحَضَرِ وَعَلَى الرِّجَالِ فِي السَّفَرِ.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Safwan ibn Yahya from Mansur ibn Hazim who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Both men and women should take a shower on Friday when at home. On the journey men should take a shower on Friday.’” 

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) لاَ تَدَعِ الْغُسْلَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَإِنَّهُ سُنَّةٌ وَشَمَّ الطِّيبَ وَالْبَسْ صَالِحَ ثِيَابِكَ وَلْيَكُنْ فَرَاغُكَ مِنَ الْغُسْلِ قَبْلَ الزَّوَالِ فَإِذَا زَالَتْ فَقُمْ وَعَلَيْكَ السَّكِينَةَ وَالْوَقَارَ وَقَالَ الْغُسْلُ وَاجِبٌ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah who has narrated the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘You must not ignore Ghusl (bath) on Friday; it is a sunnah. You should use perfumes, dress up in you proper dress and you should complete your Ghusl (bath) before noontime. At Zawal (declining of the sun toward the west at noontime) rise up with calmness and dignity for prayer.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Ghusl (bath) on Friday is obligatory.’” 

5ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْخَالِقِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ طَلْحَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ أَخْذُ الشَّارِبِ وَالأظْفَارِ وَغَسْلُ الرَّأْسِ بِالْخِطْمِيِّ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ يَنْفِي الْفَقْرَ وَيَزِيدُ فِي الرِّزْقِ.

5. Ali has narrated from his brother from ’Isma‘il ibn ‘Abd al-Khaliq from Muhammad ibn Talhah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Trimming one’s mustache, fingernails and applying al- Khatmi (officinal or marshmallow) to one’s head on Friday removes one’s poverty and increases one’s sustenance.’” 

6ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ سَعْدَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ مَنْ أَخَذَ مِنْ شَارِبِهِ وَقَلَّمَ مِنْ أَظْفَارِهِ وَغَسَلَ رَأْسَهُ بِالْخِطْمِيِّ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ كَانَ كَمَنْ أَعْتَقَ نَسَمَةً.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Musa ibn Sa‘dan from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One who trims his mustache and fingernails and washes his head with marshmallow on Friday, he is like one who sets free a human being.’” 

7ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ أَخْذُ الشَّارِبِ وَالأظْفَارِ مِنَ الْجُمُعَةِ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ أَمَانٌ مِنَ الْجُذَامِ.

7. Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hafs ibn al-Bakhtariy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Trimming one’s mustache, and fingernails every Friday is protection against leprosy.’” 

8ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَالْفُضَيْلِ قَالاَ قُلْنَا لَهُ أَ يُجْزِئُ إِذَا اغْتَسَلْتُ بَعْدَ الْفَجْرِ لِلْجُمُعَةِ قَالَ نَعَمْ.

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il fom from af-Fadf ibn Shadhan all from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah and al-Fudayl who has narrated the following: “ We once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), if taking Ghusl (bath) after dawn on Friday is sufficient. He (the Imam) replied, ’Yes it is sufficient.’” 

9ـ حَمَّادٌ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ لاَ بُدَّ مِنْ غُسْلِ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي الْحَضَرِ وَالسَّفَرِ فَمَنْ نَسِيَ فَلْيُعِدْ مِنَ الْغَدِ. وَرُوِيَ فِيهِ رُخْصَةٌ لِلْعَلِيلِ.

9. Flammad has narrated from Flariz from certain persons of our people who has narrated the following: Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘Taking Ghusl (bath) on Friday is necessary, regardless of whether one is at home or on a journey. If one forgets, one must take Ghusl (bath) the next day. In the case of a person suffering from an illness it is permissible not to take a Ghusl (bath).”’ (Ahadith 8-9 are best explained in the form of fatwa.) 

10ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ غَسْلُ الرَّأْسِ بِالْخِطْمِيِّ فِي كُلِّ جُمُعَةٍ أَمَانٌ مِنَ الْبَرَصِ وَالْجُنُونِ. 

10. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Washing one’s head with marshmallow every Friday is protection against leprosy and insanity.’” (The following chapters are best explained by fatwa.) 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

Book 4, Chapter 67