1ـ جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) وَدَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ فِي صَلاَةِ الْعَصْرِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ دُونَ الصُّفُوفِ رَكَعُوا فَرَكَعَ وَحْدَهُ وَسَجَدَ سَجْدَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَمَضَى حَتَّى لَحِقَ الصُّفُوفَ.

1. A group has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Mu‘awiyah ibn Wahab who has said the following: “I once saw abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, entering Masjid al-Haram during al-‘Asr Salah (prayer), when he was near the rows, they performed Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees). He (the Imam) performed Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees) alone and two Sajdah (prostration). He (the Imam) then stood up and walked until he joined the rows.’”

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ رِبْعِيٍّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ يَتَأَخَّرُ وَهُوَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ قَالَ لاَ قُلْتُ فَيَتَقَدَّمُ قَالَ نَعَمْ مَا شَاءَ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ.

2. Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Rib‘i from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘Can a man move backward in Salah (prayer)?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so.’ I then asked, ‘Can he move forward?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, as much as he wants to al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah).’”

3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الأعْرَجِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنْ الرَّجُلِ يَأْتِي الصَّلاَةَ فَلاَ يَجِدُ فِي الصَّفِّ مَقَاماً أَ يَقُومُ وَحْدَهُ حَتَّى يَفْرُغَ مِنْ صَلاَتِهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يَقُومَ بِحِذَاءِ الإِمَامِ.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sa‘id al-A’raj who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who comes to Salah (prayer) and does not find a place in the rows. Can he stand up alone until Salah (prayer) is complete? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is not an offense to stand parallel to the Imam.’”

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِنْ صَلَّى قَوْمٌ وَبَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ الإِمَامِ مَا لاَ يُتَخَطَّى فَلَيْسَ ذَلِكَ الإِمَامُ لَهُمْ بِإِمَامٍ وَأَيُّ صَفٍّ كَانَ أَهْلُهُ يُصَلُّونَ بِصَلاَةِ إِمَامٍ وَبَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ الصَّفِّ الَّذِي يَتَقَدَّمُهُمْ قَدْرَ مَا لاَ يُتَخَطَّى فَلَيْسَ تِلْكَ لَهُمْ فَإِنْ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمْ سُتْرَةٌ أَوْ جِدَارٌ فَلَيْسَتْ تِلْكَ لَهُمْ بِصَلاَةٍ إِلاَّ مَنْ كَانَ مِنْ حِيَالِ الْبَابِ قَالَ وَقَالَ هَذِهِ الْمَقَاصِيرُ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي زَمَانِ أَحَدٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَإِنَّمَا أَحْدَثَهَا الْجَبَّارُونَ لَيْسَتْ لِمَنْ صَلَّى خَلْفَهَا مُقْتَدِياً بِصَلاَةِ مَنْ فِيهَا صَلاَةٌ قَالَ وَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَكُونَ الصُّفُوفُ تَامَّةً مُتَوَاصِلَةً بَعْضُهَا إِلَى بَعْضٍ لاَ يَكُونُ بَيْنَ صَفَّيْنِ مَا لاَ يُتَخَطَّى يَكُونُ قَدْرُ ذَلِكَ مَسْقَطَ جَسَدِ الإِنْسَانِ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If a people perform Salah (prayer) and there is a space between them and the Imam, which cannot be covered by one step, that Imam is not their Imam. Any row which performs Salah (prayer) following an Imam and the space between this and the row in front is more than can be covered by one step it is not of that (row). If there is a barrier or wall in between, it is not a Salah (prayer) for them unless one is in front of a door.’ He (the narrator) has said that he (the Imam) said, ‘These arches did not exist in the time of anyone. The tyrants have invented them. Salah (prayer) of those who perform behind them, following those who perform inside is not valid Salah (prayer).’ Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The rows must be complete, connected with each other and there must be a space of one step between two rows. The space must be of the length of human body that falls (when in Sajdah (prostration)).”’

5ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا دَخَلْتَ الْمَسْجِدَ وَالإِمَامُ رَاكِعٌ فَظَنَنْتَ أَنَّكَ إِنْ مَشَيْتَ إِلَيْهِ يَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تُدْرِكَهُ فَكَبِّرْ وَارْكَعْ وَإِذَا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَاسْجُدْ مَكَانَكَ فَإِنْ قَامَ فَالْحَقْ بِالصَّفِّ وَإِنْ جَلَسَ فَاجْلِسْ مَكَانَكَ فَإِذَا قَامَ فَالْحَقْ بِالصَّفِّ.

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Aban from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn abu ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When you enter a Masjid and the Imam is in Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees) and you think that if you walked all the way to join, he raises his head before you join. Say Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) perform Ruku‘, and if he raised his head, perform Sajdah (prostration) where you are, and if he stood up, join the row, and if he sits down sit down in your place, and when he stands up, join the row.’”

6ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ لاَ أَرَى بِالصُّفُوفِ بَيْنَ الأسَاطِينِ بَأْساً.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘I do not see any problem in the rows between the pillars.”

7ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ السَّابَاطِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُدْرِكُ الإِمَامَ وَهُوَ قَاعِدٌ يَتَشَهَّدُ وَلَيْسَ خَلْفَهُ إِلاَّ رَجُلٌ وَاحِدٌ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ قَالَ لاَ يَتَقَدَّمُ الإِمَامَ وَلاَ يَتَأَخَّرُ الرَّجُلَ وَلَكِنْ يَقْعُدُ الَّذِي يَدْخُلُ مَعَهُ خَلْفَ الإِمَامِ فَإِذَا سَلَّمَ الإِمَامُ قَامَ الرَّجُلُ فَأَتَمَّ الصَّلاَةَ.

7. Ahmad ibn Idris and others have narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan ibn Ali from ‘Amr ibn Sa‘id from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah from ‘Ammar al-Sabatiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who finds the Imam in sitting position saying Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and there is no one behind him except one man on his right side. He (the Imam) said, ‘He does not go ahead of the Imam or behind the man, but sits down behind the Imam; and when the Imam says Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace), the man stands up and completes his Salah (prayer).”

8ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْهَاشِمِيِّ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يُصَلِّي بِقَوْمٍ وَهُوَ إِلَى زَاوِيَةٍ فِي بَيْتِهِ يَقْرَبُ الْحَائِطَ وَكُلُّهُمْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَلَيْسَ عَلَى يَسَارِهِ أَحَدٌ.

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ali ibn Ibrahim ibn Hashim in a marfu‘ manner who has said the following: “I once saw abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, performing Salah (prayer) while standing in a corner of his house near the wall, all others on his right side and no one on his left.”

9ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ السَّابَاطِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصَلِّي بِقَوْمٍ وَهُمْ فِي مَوْضِعٍ أَسْفَلَ مِنْ مَوْضِعِهِ الَّذِي يُصَلِّي فِيهِ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ الإِمَامُ عَلَى شِبْهِ الدُّكَّانِ أَوْ عَلَى مَوْضِعٍ أَرْفَعَ مِنْ مَوْضِعِهِمْ لَمْ يَجُزْ صَلاَتُهُمْ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَرْفَعَ مِنْهُمْ بِقَدْرِ إِصْبَعٍ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ أَوْ أَقَلَّ إِذَا كَانَ الارْتِفَاعُ بِبَطْنِ مَسِيلٍ فَإِنْ كَانَ أَرْضاً مَبْسُوطَةً أَوْ كَانَ فِي مَوْضِعٍ مِنْهَا ارْتِفَاعٌ فَقَامَ الإِمَامُ فِي الْمَوْضِعِ الْمُرْتَفِعِ وَقَامَ مَنْ خَلْفَهُ أَسْفَلَ مِنْهُ وَالأرْضُ مَبْسُوطَةٌ إِلاَّ أَنَّهُمْ فِي مَوْضِعٍ مُنْحَدِرٍ قَالَ لاَ بَأْسَ قَالَ وَسُئِلَ فَإِنْ قَامَ الإِمَامُ أَسْفَلَ مِنْ مَوْضِعِ مَنْ يُصَلِّي خَلْفَهُ قَالَ لاَ بَأْسَ وَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ رَجُلٌ فَوْقَ بَيْتٍ أَوْ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ دُكَّاناً كَانَ أَوْ غَيْرَهُ وَكَانَ الإِمَامُ يُصَلِّي عَلَى الأرْضِ أَسْفَلَ مِنْهُ جَازَ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ خَلْفَهُ وَيَقْتَدِيَ بِصَلاَتِهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَرْفَعَ مِنْهُ بِشَيْ‏ءٍ كَثِيرٍ.

9. Ahmad ibn Idris and others have narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan from Ali from ‘Amr ibn Sa‘id from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah from ‘Ammar al-Sabatiy who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who performs Salah (prayer) with a people who are in a place lower than his place in which he performs Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘If the Imam is in a place which is higher than their place like a raised place, a platform, their Salah (prayer) is not permissible. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful if he is higher by one shibr (8 inches). Or it is more or less in a gully if the land is stretched, or there is a raised place, the Imam stands on a higher place, those behind him in a lower place and the land is extended, except that they are on a sloping place. 5 He (the narrator) has said that he (the Imam) was asked, ‘What happens if the Imam stands below the place where people behind him stand? 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful. 5 He (the Imam) said, ‘If a man is on the roof or so and the Imam is on a place below, it is permissible for one to perform Salah (prayer) behind him to follow his Salah (prayer) even if it is very high. 5”

10ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ ذَكَرَ الْحُسَيْنُ أَنَّهُ أَمَرَ مَنْ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ صَلَّى إِلَى جَانِبِ رَجُلٍ فَقَامَ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ وَهُوَ لاَ يَعْلَمُ ثُمَّ عَلِمَ وَهُوَ فِي صَلاَتِهِ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ يُحَوِّلُهُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ.

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad who has the following: Al-Husayn has mentioned that he (the Imam), ’Alayhi al-Salam, commanded a man, who was asking him (the Imam) about a man who was performing Salah (prayer) on the side of a man standing on his left. He did not know (that he is to stand on the right side of the Imam) and then he learned in his Salah (prayer) how he is to do. He (the Imam) commanded to turn him to his right.”