 The Cleansing Quality of Water

The Quantity of Water that Always Remains Clean

The Case of a Small Quantity of Water, the Water with a Dead Body in it and its use by a Man to Wash His Dirty Hand in it

The Case of a Well and Things that May Fall in It (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 2-12 as well as the following chapter.)

A Well near a Cesspool

Taking Wudu’ With Water from Which Animals, Beasts and Birds Have Drunk

Taking Wudu’ with the Water from Which a Woman during Her Hayd (menses), People After Having Carnal Relations, a Jew, a Christian or a Person Hostile toward ’A’immah Has Drunk (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 4-6 of this chapter.)

A Man Places His Hand in the Water before Washing, the Limit of Washing Hands Because of Carnal Relations, Urination, Feces and Sleeping

Mixing of Rain Water with Urine, with Water Used for Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Carnal Relations, Touching of One’s Cloth with Water Used for Washing Because of Urine

Water of Bath Houses and Water Heated by the Sun’s Rays

Places Not Desirable to Use as a Lavatory

Expressions to Say When Entering a Lavatory and When Coming Out

Draining Urine, Washing and If One Does Not Find Water

The Quantity of Water Required for Wudu’, Showers and One Who Is Excessive in the Use of Water for Wudu’

Brushing One’s Teeth

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils

Description of Wudu’

The Area of the Face and Hands to be Washed for Wudu’

Wiping of Head and Feet

Wiping Over the Shoes

Bandages and Wounds

Facing Doubts about Wudu’ Forgetting or Mixing Proper Order

Matters that Invalidate or Do not Invalidate Wudu’

One’s Stepping over Feces or Other Such Things

Certain Fluid, Which Is Other than Urine and Semen

Kinds of Ghusl (bath)

Matters Covered by Ghusl (bath)

Necessity of Ghusl (bath) on Friday

Description of Ghusl (bath), Wudu’ Before or Thereafter and a Man’s Ghusl (bath) in an Improper Place, Expressions to Say During Taking Ghusl (bath) and Moving a Ring During Ghusl (bath)

Reason Necessitating Ghusl (bath) for Men and Women

Wet Dreams of Men and Women

Finding Fluid Coming Out after Ghusl (bath)

One after Carnal Relations Eats, Drinks, Reads, Enters a Masjid, Dyes Hair, Uses Fragrance and So On

One after Carnal Relation Sweats in His Clothes, Clothes Touch His Wet Body

Semen or Al-Madhiy Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine of Animals and Their Dung

Clothes Come in Contact with Blood and Pus

Dogs Touching Clothes, Body and So On

Description of Tayammum

When Tayammum Is Necessary and Finding Water Thereafter

One’s having Little Water on a Journey but Is Afraid of Facing Thirst

One’s Experiencing Carnal Relations and Having Only Ice

Taking Tayammum with Clay

Bandages, Injuries, One’s Suffering from Smallpox and or Experiencing Carnal Relations

Rare Ahadith about Wudu’

Chapters on Hayd (menses)

Minimum and Maximum Duration of Hayd

Women’s Experiencing Hayd After or Before Their Date of Hayd

Women Observe Yellowish Blood Before or After Hayd (menses)

First Time Hayd (menses)

Examining if Hayd (menses) has Ended or Not

Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Hayd and the Kind of Water Needed

Women Find Blood after Sexual Relation

Comprehensive Instructions About Hayd (menses) and Istihadah (irregular menses)

Signs for Differentiating Between Blood of Hayd and Istihadah

Differentiating Among Blood of Hayd, Virginity or a Wound

Pregnant Woman Finds Blood

Blood Because of Childbirth

Blood Discharge after a Woman’s Experiencing Discharge-Free Period after Childbirth and Blood Discharge before Birth or after Childbirth

Matters Necessary for Women during Hayd at the Times of Salah (prayer)

Women Find Hayd Blood after the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) Before Performing It Or Become Clean Before the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) But Are Too Lazy for Ghusl (bath)

Women Feel Hayd during Salah (Prayer)

Women Must Make-up-for Fasting Because of Hayd but Not Salah (Prayer) 

Women’s Reading the Holy Quran During Hayd or Child-birth 

Women during Hayd Can Pick up Things from a Masjid but Must Not Leave Anything Therein

Women’s Hayd (menses) Stops, Comes Again and the Time of Menopause

Women’s Using Medicine to Have Hayd (menses) after It Stops 

Using Dye during Hayd (menses) 

Washing Clothes of Women during Hayd 

Women During Hayd Pick up Prayer Rug or Water 

Causes of Death and that Believing People May Die by any Manner of Dying 

The Reward for a Person Suffering from Illness 

Another Section on the Same Subject 

The Limits of Complaints 

A Patient’s Giving Permission to His Visitors 

How Often a Patient Should Be Visited, How Long the Duration of Visitation Should Be and Complete Visit 

The Limit of a Sudden Death 

The Virtue (Reward) of Visiting a Patient 

Dictations to a Dying Person

Difficulty in Dying (If Dying Becomes Difficult and the Agony of Death Intense) 

Facing the Dying Person Toward Qiblah

A Believing Person Is Not Caused to Die Against His Will

Things that Believers and Unbelievers See in Dying Conditions

Taking out of the Souls of Believing and Unbelievers

Burial Should Take Place Immediately

Rare Ahadith

Women during Hayd Nurse a Patient (The following chapters are about rules of washing a dead body for burial, shrouding and other matters of burial, and are best explained in the form of fatwa. Consult current fatwa about them.)

Washing a Dead Body

Hunut (Rubbing Camphor) on a Dead Body and Shrouding

Shrouding a Deceased Women

Undesirability of Perfuming the Shroud or Warming Water for Washing Dead Bodies

The Desirable Pieces of Shroud and the Undesirable Ones

The Amount of Water Needed for Ghusl (bath) of a Deceased Person

The Two Fresh Al-Jaridah (Twigs of Palm Tree)

Persons Dead Without Shower Due to Carnal Relations Hayd or Child Birth Reasons

Chapter 26- Dead Woman with a Baby Moving Inside Her

Cutting of Nails and Hairs of Dead Person Undesirable

Things Coming Out of a Dead Body after Ghusl (bath)

Washing of Persons of opposite Gender

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ كُنْتُ قَاعِداً عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَنَا وَحُمْرَانُ بْنُ أَعْيَنَ فَقَالَ لَهُ حُمْرَانُ مَا تَقُولُ فِيمَا يَقُولُ زُرَارَةُ وَقَدْ خَالَفْتُهُ فِيهِ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) مَا هُوَ قَالَ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ مَوَاقِيتَ الصَّلاَةِ كَانَتْ مُفَوَّضَةً إِلَى رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) هُوَ الَّذِي وَضَعَهَا فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فَمَا تَقُولُ أَنْتَ قُلْتُ إِنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَتَاهُ فِي الْيَوْمِ الأوَّلِ بِالْوَقْتِ الأوَّلِ وَفِي الْيَوْمِ الأخِيرِ بِالْوَقْتِ الأخِيرِ ثُمَّ قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِم الْسَّلام) مَا بَيْنَهُمَا وَقْتٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَا حُمْرَانُ إِنَّ زُرَارَةَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِنَّمَا جَاءَ مُشِيراً عَلَى رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَصَدَقَ زُرَارَةُ إِنَّمَا جَعَلَ الله ذَلِكَ إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَوَضَعَهُ وَأَشَارَ جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِم الْسَّلام) بِهِ عَلَيْهِ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn ’Udhaynah from Zurarah from who has said the following: “I once was sitting in the presence of abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), and Humran ibn ’A‘yan was also present. Humran asked him (the Imam), ‘What do you say about the words of Zurarah with which I do not agree?’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), asked, ‘What are they?’ Humran said, ‘Zurarah says that the time for Salah (prayer) was delegated to the Messenger of Allah. He was the one who determined them.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), asked, ‘What do you (Humran) say about it?’ I (Humran) said, ‘ Jibril came to him (the Holy prophet) on the first day with the first time and on the last day with the last time. Jibril then said, ‘In between there are times for Salah (prayer).’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), then said, ‘O Humran, Zurarah says that Jibril came to the Messenger of Allah only to give him an indication. Zurarah is right. Allah left it to Muhammad, O Allah grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, who made the determination. Jibril provided him with an indication about it.’” 

2ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلاَّنٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى وَصَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ الله عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ مِنَ الأشْيَاءِ أَشْيَاءَ مُوَسَّعَةً وَأَشْيَاءَ مُضَيَّقَةً فَالصَّلاَةُ مِمَّا وُسِّعَ فِيهِ تُقَدَّمُ مَرَّةً وَتُؤَخَّرُ أُخْرَى وَالْجُمُعَةُ مِمَّا ضُيِّقَ فِيهَا فَإِنَّ وَقْتَهَا يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ سَاعَةُ تَزُولُ وَوَقْتَ الْعَصْرِ فِيهَا وَقْتُ الظُّهْرِ فِي غَيْرِهَا.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Muhammad ibn al-Hassan ibn ‘Allan from Hammad ibn ‘Isa and from Safwan ibn Yahya from Rib‘i ibn ‘Abd Allah from al-Fudayl ibn Yasar who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Of the things certain ones are of a longer timing and others are of shorter timing. Salah (prayer) is of longer timing. It can be performed earlier and later. Friday Salah (prayer) is of a short timing. On Friday its time is a Sa‘ah which then vanish. The time for al-‘Asr Salah (prayer) on Friday is the time for al-Dhuhr on other days.’” 

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ لِكُلِّ صَلاَةٍ وَقْتَانِ وَأَوَّلُ الْوَقْتِ أَفْضَلُهُ وَلَيْسَ لأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ آخِرَ الْوَقْتَيْنِ وَقْتاً إِلاَّ فِي عُذْرٍ مِنْ غَيْرِ عِلَّةٍ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘For every Salah (prayer) there are two kinds of timings; the beginning of time is the outstanding one, and no one has the right to call the end of two kinds of timings as a time, without good reason, and for no reason.’” 

4ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ أَوِ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) لِكُلِّ صَلاَةٍ وَقْتَانِ أَوَّلُ الْوَقْتِ أَفْضَلُهُمَا.

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Fadalah ibn Ayyub Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar or ibn Wahab who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘For every Salah (prayer) there are two kinds of timings and the outstanding one is the beginning of time.’” 

5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَصْلَحَكَ الله وَقْتُ كُلِّ صَلاَةٍ أَوَّلُ الْوَقْتِ أَفْضَلُ أَوْ أَوْسَطُهُ أَوْ آخِرُهُ فَقَالَ أَوَّلُهُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) قَالَ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يُحِبُّ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ مَا يُعَجَّلُ.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn ’Udhaynah from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once said to abu Ja‘far (a.s.), ‘I pray to Allah to keep you well, of the timing for Salah (prayer), what portion is better? Is it the beginning, the middle or the end of time?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is the beginning of it; the Messenger of Allah has said, “Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, loves of good things the most that which is done earlier.’” 

6ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ قُتَيْبَةَ الأعْشَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ فَضْلَ الْوَقْتِ الأوَّلِ عَلَى الآخِرِ كَفَضْلِ الآخِرَةِ عَلَى الدُّنْيَا.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Salmah ibn al-Khattab from Ali ibn Sayf ibn ‘Amirah from his father from Qutaybah al-‘A’sha’ who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The outstanding quality of the beginning of the time for Salah (prayer) is like the outstanding quality of the next life compared to the worldly life.’” 

7ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الأزْدِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) لَفَضْلُ الْوَقْتِ الأوَّلِ عَلَى الأخِيرِ خَيْرٌ لِلرَّجُلِ مِنْ وَلَدِهِ وَمَالِهِ.

7. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Ishaq from Bakr ibn Muhammad al-Azdiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The outstanding quality of the beginning of time for Salah (prayer) compared with the end of time for Salah (prayer) is better for a man than his children and belongings.’” 

8ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) اعْلَمْ أَنَّ أَوَّلَ الْوَقْتِ أَبَداً أَفْضَلُ فَعَجِّلْ بِالْخَيْرِ مَا اسْتَطَعْتَ وَأَحَبُّ الأعْمَالِ إِلَى الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَا دَاوَمَ الْعَبْدُ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنْ قَلَّ.

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Hammad from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘You must note that the beginning of time always is better, so act faster for the good as much as you can. The most beloved of deeds in the sight of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, is that which a servant continues even if it is very little.’” 

9- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَنِ اهْتَمَّ بِمَوَاقِيتِ الصَّلاَةِ لَمْ يَسْتَكْمِلْ لَذَّةَ الدُّنْيَا. 

9. Ahmad b. Idris and others have narrated from Muhammad b. Ahmad from Muhammad b. al-Husayn from his father from Mansur b. Hazim or others who have said that Abu Abdullah (as) said: Ali b. al-Husayn (as) has said: 'The one who is attentive with the timings of the prayer, would never indulge into the pleasures of the world.'

Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

Book 4, Chapter 4