 The Cleansing Quality of Water

The Quantity of Water that Always Remains Clean

The Case of a Small Quantity of Water, the Water with a Dead Body in it and its use by a Man to Wash His Dirty Hand in it

The Case of a Well and Things that May Fall in It (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 2-12 as well as the following chapter.)

A Well near a Cesspool

Taking Wudu’ With Water from Which Animals, Beasts and Birds Have Drunk

Taking Wudu’ with the Water from Which a Woman during Her Hayd (menses), People After Having Carnal Relations, a Jew, a Christian or a Person Hostile toward ’A’immah Has Drunk (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 4-6 of this chapter.)

A Man Places His Hand in the Water before Washing, the Limit of Washing Hands Because of Carnal Relations, Urination, Feces and Sleeping

Mixing of Rain Water with Urine, with Water Used for Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Carnal Relations, Touching of One’s Cloth with Water Used for Washing Because of Urine

Water of Bath Houses and Water Heated by the Sun’s Rays

Places Not Desirable to Use as a Lavatory

Expressions to Say When Entering a Lavatory and When Coming Out

Draining Urine, Washing and If One Does Not Find Water

The Quantity of Water Required for Wudu’, Showers and One Who Is Excessive in the Use of Water for Wudu’

Brushing One’s Teeth

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils

Description of Wudu’

The Area of the Face and Hands to be Washed for Wudu’

Wiping of Head and Feet

Wiping Over the Shoes

Bandages and Wounds

Facing Doubts about Wudu’ Forgetting or Mixing Proper Order

Matters that Invalidate or Do not Invalidate Wudu’

One’s Stepping over Feces or Other Such Things

Certain Fluid, Which Is Other than Urine and Semen

Kinds of Ghusl (bath)

Matters Covered by Ghusl (bath)

Necessity of Ghusl (bath) on Friday

Description of Ghusl (bath), Wudu’ Before or Thereafter and a Man’s Ghusl (bath) in an Improper Place, Expressions to Say During Taking Ghusl (bath) and Moving a Ring During Ghusl (bath)

Reason Necessitating Ghusl (bath) for Men and Women

Wet Dreams of Men and Women

Finding Fluid Coming Out after Ghusl (bath)

One after Carnal Relations Eats, Drinks, Reads, Enters a Masjid, Dyes Hair, Uses Fragrance and So On

One after Carnal Relation Sweats in His Clothes, Clothes Touch His Wet Body

Semen or Al-Madhiy Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine of Animals and Their Dung

Clothes Come in Contact with Blood and Pus

Dogs Touching Clothes, Body and So On

Description of Tayammum

When Tayammum Is Necessary and Finding Water Thereafter

One’s having Little Water on a Journey but Is Afraid of Facing Thirst

One’s Experiencing Carnal Relations and Having Only Ice

Taking Tayammum with Clay

Bandages, Injuries, One’s Suffering from Smallpox and or Experiencing Carnal Relations

Rare Ahadith about Wudu’

Chapters on Hayd (menses)

Minimum and Maximum Duration of Hayd

Women’s Experiencing Hayd After or Before Their Date of Hayd

Women Observe Yellowish Blood Before or After Hayd (menses)

First Time Hayd (menses)

Examining if Hayd (menses) has Ended or Not

Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Hayd and the Kind of Water Needed

Women Find Blood after Sexual Relation

Comprehensive Instructions About Hayd (menses) and Istihadah (irregular menses)

Signs for Differentiating Between Blood of Hayd and Istihadah

Differentiating Among Blood of Hayd, Virginity or a Wound

Pregnant Woman Finds Blood

Blood Because of Childbirth

Blood Discharge after a Woman’s Experiencing Discharge-Free Period after Childbirth and Blood Discharge before Birth or after Childbirth

Matters Necessary for Women during Hayd at the Times of Salah (prayer)

Women Find Hayd Blood after the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) Before Performing It Or Become Clean Before the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) But Are Too Lazy for Ghusl (bath)

Women Feel Hayd during Salah (Prayer)

Women Must Make-up-for Fasting Because of Hayd but Not Salah (Prayer) 

Women’s Reading the Holy Quran During Hayd or Child-birth 

Women during Hayd Can Pick up Things from a Masjid but Must Not Leave Anything Therein

Women’s Hayd (menses) Stops, Comes Again and the Time of Menopause

Women’s Using Medicine to Have Hayd (menses) after It Stops 

Using Dye during Hayd (menses) 

Washing Clothes of Women during Hayd 

Women During Hayd Pick up Prayer Rug or Water 

Causes of Death and that Believing People May Die by any Manner of Dying 

The Reward for a Person Suffering from Illness 

Another Section on the Same Subject 

The Limits of Complaints 

A Patient’s Giving Permission to His Visitors 

How Often a Patient Should Be Visited, How Long the Duration of Visitation Should Be and Complete Visit 

The Limit of a Sudden Death 

The Virtue (Reward) of Visiting a Patient 

Dictations to a Dying Person

Difficulty in Dying (If Dying Becomes Difficult and the Agony of Death Intense) 

Facing the Dying Person Toward Qiblah

A Believing Person Is Not Caused to Die Against His Will

Things that Believers and Unbelievers See in Dying Conditions

Taking out of the Souls of Believing and Unbelievers

Burial Should Take Place Immediately

Rare Ahadith

Women during Hayd Nurse a Patient (The following chapters are about rules of washing a dead body for burial, shrouding and other matters of burial, and are best explained in the form of fatwa. Consult current fatwa about them.)

Washing a Dead Body

Hunut (Rubbing Camphor) on a Dead Body and Shrouding

Shrouding a Deceased Women

Undesirability of Perfuming the Shroud or Warming Water for Washing Dead Bodies

The Desirable Pieces of Shroud and the Undesirable Ones

The Amount of Water Needed for Ghusl (bath) of a Deceased Person

The Two Fresh Al-Jaridah (Twigs of Palm Tree)

Persons Dead Without Shower Due to Carnal Relations Hayd or Child Birth Reasons

Chapter 26- Dead Woman with a Baby Moving Inside Her

Cutting of Nails and Hairs of Dead Person Undesirable

Things Coming Out of a Dead Body after Ghusl (bath)

Washing of Persons of opposite Gender

1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ التَّشَهُّدِ فَقَالَ لَوْ كَانَ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ وَاجِباً عَلَى النَّاسِ هَلَكُوا إِنَّمَا كَانَ الْقَوْمُ يَقُولُونَ أَيْسَرَ مَا يَعْلَمُونَ إِذَا حَمِدْتَ الله أَجْزَأَ عَنْكَ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Mansur ibn Hazim from Bakr ibn Habib who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about Tashahhud (the testimony of belief). He (the Imam) said, ‘Had it been as they say that it was obligatory people would have been destroyed. People only said what was easy of what they knew. If you praise Allah it is sufficient.’” 

2ـ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَيَّ شَيْ‏ءٍ أَقُولُ فِي التَّشَهُّدِ وَالْقُنُوتِ قَالَ قُلْ بِأَحْسَنِ مَا عَلِمْتَ فَإِنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ مُوَقَّتاً لَهَلَكَ النَّاسُ.

2. In another Hadith it is said that it is narrated from Safwan from Mansur from Bakr ibn Habib who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), ‘What should I say in Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and Qunut (supplication after recitation in second Rak‘at)?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Say of the best you know; had it been something definite people would have been destroyed.’” 

3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ طَلْحَةَ عَنْ سَوْرَةَ بْنِ كُلَيْبٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنْ أَدْنَى مَا يُجْزِئُ مِنَ التَّشَهُّدِ فَقَالَ الشَّهَادَتَانِ.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hajjal, from Tha’labah ibn Maymun from Yahya ibn Talhah from Sawrah ibn Kulayb who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about the minimum of what is sufficient for Tashahhud (testimonies of belief). He (the Imam) said, ‘It is the two testimonies of belief.” 

4ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَقْرَأُ فِي التَّشَهُّدِ مَا طَابَ فَلله وَمَا خَبُثَ فَلِغَيْرِهِ فَقَالَ هَكَذَا كَانَ يَقُولُ عَلِيٌّ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام).

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Nu‘man form Dawud ibn Farqad from Ya‘qub ibn Shu’ayb who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘Can I say in Tashahhud (testimonies of belief), ‘Whatever is good is for Allah and whatever is evil is for those other than Allah?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘That is what Ali (a.s.), would say.’” 

5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ يَنْبَغِي لِلإِمَامِ أَنْ يُسْمِعَ مَنْ خَلْفَهُ التَّشَهُّدَ وَلاَ يُسْمِعُونَهُ هُمْ شَيْئاً.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hafs ibn al-Bakhtariy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is proper for the Imam to make people behind him hear Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and they must not make him to hear anything from them.’” 

6ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) كُلُّ مَا ذَكَرْتَ الله بِهِ وَالنَّبِيَّ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَهُوَ مِنَ الصَّلاَةِ وَإِنْ قُلْتَ السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ الله الصَّالِحِينَ فَقَدِ انْصَرَفْتَ.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Fadalah ibn Ayyub from Al- Husayn ibn ‘Uthman from ibn Muskan from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once said to me, ‘Whatever you say of Allah and the Holy prophet is of Salah (prayer). As soon as you say the phrase, ‘I appeal before Allah to send peace on us and on the virtuous servants of Allah’, you have ended Salah (prayer).”’ 

7ـ وَبِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِذَا كُنْتَ فِي صَفٍّ فَسَلِّمْ تَسْلِيمَةً عَنْ يَمِينِكَ وَتَسْلِيمَةً عَنْ يَسَارِكَ لأَنَّ عَنْ يَسَارِكَ مَنْ يُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْكَ وَإِذَا كُنْتَ إِمَاماً فَسَلِّمْ تَسْلِيمَةً وَأَنْتَ مُسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةِ.

7. Through the same chain of narrators as that of the previous Hadith the following is narrated from ibn Muskan from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When you are in the row (of people performing Salah (prayer)), say the phrase of offering greeting of peace, one to your right side and one to your left side, because from your left someone says the phrase of offering greeting of peace to you. If you are the Imam, then say Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace) facing al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah).’” 

8ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا انْصَرَفْتَ مِنَ الصَّلاَةِ فَانْصَرِفْ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ.

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When you want to move away after completing Salah (prayer) move to your right side.”’ 

9ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ عَنْبَسَةَ بْنِ مُصْعَبٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَقُومُ فِي الصَّفِّ خَلْفَ الإِمَامِ وَلَيْسَ عَلَى يَسَارِهِ أَحَدٌ كَيْفَ يُسَلِّمُ قَالَ يُسَلِّمُ وَاحِدَةً عَنْ يَمِينِهِ.

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Fadalah ibn Ayyub from Al- Husayn ibn ‘Uthman from ibn Muskan from ‘Anbasah ibn Mus’ab who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who performs Salah (prayer) behind an Imam and there is no one on his left side; how he says the phrase of offering greeting of peace?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He says the phrase of offering greeting of peace only once to his right side.’” 

10ـ وَبِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِذَا قُمْتَ مِنَ الرَّكْعَةِ فَاعْتَمِدْ عَلَى كَفَّيْكَ وَقُلْ بِحَوْلِ الله وَقُوتِهِ أَقُومُ وَأَقْعُدُ فَإِنَّ عَلِيّاً (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) كَانَ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ.

10. Through the same chain of narrators as that of the previous Hadith the following is narrated from Fadalah ibn Ayyub from Sayf ibn ‘Amirah from abu Bakr al-Hadramiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When you want to stand up after a Rak‘at use your hands for support and say, ‘By the means of Allah and His power I stand up and sit down. Ali (a.s.), would do and say so.’” 

11ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِذَا جَلَسْتَ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ الأوَّلَتَيْنِ فَتَشَهَّدْتَ ثُمَّ قُمْتَ فَقُلْ بِحَوْلِ الله وَقُوتِهِ أَقُومُ وَأَقْعُدُ. 

11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When you sit up straight after the first two Rak‘at, say Tashahhud (testimonies of belief), then when standing up say, “By the means of Allah and His power I stand up and sit down.’”” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

Book 4, Chapter 30