82. Patience, Impatience and to Acknowledge (the Reality of) Death
Back to book1ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ وَالْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ جَمِيعاً عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ مَا الْجَزَعُ قَالَ أَشَدُّ الْجَزَعِ الصُّرَاخُ بِالْوَيْلِ وَالْعَوِيلِ وَلَطْمُ الْوَجْهِ وَالصَّدْرِ وَجَزُّ الشَّعْرِ مِنَ النَّوَاصِي وَمَنْ أَقَامَ النُّوَاحَةَ فَقَدْ تَرَكَ الصَّبْرَ وَأَخَذَ فِي غَيْرِ طَرِيقِهِ وَمَنْ صَبَرَ وَاسْتَرْجَعَ وَحَمِدَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَقَدْ رَضِيَ بِمَا صَنَعَ الله وَوَقَعَ أَجْرُهُ عَلَى الله وَمَنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ جَرَى عَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءُ وَهُوَ ذَمِيمٌ وَأَحْبَطَ الله تَعَالَى أَجْرَهُ.
1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr and al-Hassan ibn Ali all from abu Jamilah from Jabir from abu la ‘far, who has said the following: “Once I asked abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘What is impatience and outcry?’ He replied, ‘An intense form of impatience is to cry aloud expressing certain words as al-Wayl or howling or beating of the face or chest or pulling out of hairs from the forehead. Whoever organizes a lamentation ceremony has abandoned patience. If one exercises patience and acknowledges the reality of death saying, “To Allah we belong and to Him we return,” praises and thanks Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, he has agreed with the decision of Allah. His reward becomes due with Allah, otherwise, Allah’s system of the working of things prevails, but he is condemned and Allah turns his efforts void and fruitless.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (14/181)
2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) مِثْلَهُ.
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman from abu Jamilah, from Jabir from abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, a similar Hadith
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (14/183)
3ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْمِيثَمِيِّ عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ الله عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الصَّبْرَ وَالْبَلاَءَ يَسْتَبِقَانِ إِلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ فَيَأْتِيهِ الْبَلاَءُ وَهُوَ صَبُورٌ وَإِنَّ الْجَزَعَ وَالْبَلاَءَ يَسْتَبِقَانِ إِلَى الْكَافِرِ فَيَأْتِيهِ الْبَلاَءُ وَهُوَ جَزُوعٌ.
3. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from ’Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir from Ali ibn Mahziyar from Ali ibn Isma’il al-Mithamiy from Rib‘i ibn ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that patience and misfortune race toward a believing person but misfortune finds him exercising patience. Outcry and impatience race toward an unbeliever person and misfortune finds him in outcry and impatience.”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: حسن كالصحيح - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (14/183)
4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) ضَرْبُ الْمُسْلِمِ يَدَهُ عَلَى فَخِذِهِ عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ إِحْبَاطٌ لأَجْرِهِ.
4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father, from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah has said, ‘If a Muslim strikes his hand against his thigh due to suffering and sorrow, it causes his deeds to become void and fruitless.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف على المشهور 1 - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (4/183)
5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مَعْرُوفِ بْنِ خَرَّبُوذَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ يُصَابُ بِمُصِيبَةٍ فَيَسْتَرْجِعُ عِنْدَ ذِكْرِهِ الْمُصِيبَةَ وَيَصْبِرُ حِينَ تَفْجَأُهُ إِلاَّ غَفَرَ الله لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ وَكُلَّمَا ذَكَرَ مُصِيبَتَهُ فَاسْتَرْجَعَ عِنْدَ ذِكْرِ الْمُصِيبَةِ غَفَرَ الله لَهُ كُلَّ ذَنْبٍ اكْتَسَبَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمَا.
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan from Ma’ruf ibn Kharrabuz who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Whoever of the servants (of Allah) after suffering a misfortune, upon recalling any of his suffering and sorrow, acknowledges it and exercises patience, if it befalls him suddenly, Allah forgives his past sins. Whenever thereafter upon recalling any of his suffering sorrow acknowledges it (saying ‘to Allah we belong and to Him we return’), Allah forgives his sins that may have taken place in between (the two occasions of recalling).”’
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: حسن 1 - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (4/183)
6ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ مَنْ ذَكَرَ مُصِيبَتَهُ وَلَوْ بَعْدَ حِينٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّا لله وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ وَالْحَمْدُ لله رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ اللهمَّ آجِرْنِي عَلَى مُصِيبَتِي وَأَخْلِفْ عَلَيَّ أَفْضَلَ مِنْهَا كَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الأجْرِ مِثْلُ مَا كَانَ عِنْدَ أَوَّلِ صَدْمَةٍ.
6. Ali has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Dawud ibn Razin who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that if one recalls his suffering a misfortune even after a long time and says, ‘To Allah we belong and to Him we return, all praise belongs to Allah Lord of the worlds; O Lord, grant me favors for my suffering a misfortune and replace my losses with something better,’ his reward for this is equal to that he deserved upon suffering it the first time.”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: حسن - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (14/184)
7ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ يَا إِسْحَاقُ لاَ تَعُدَّنَّ مُصِيبَةً أُعْطِيتَ عَلَيْهَا الصَّبْرَ وَاسْتَوْجَبْتَ عَلَيْهَا مِنَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ الثَّوَابَ إِنَّمَا الْمُصِيبَةُ الَّتِي يُحْرَمُ صَاحِبُهَا أَجْرَهَا وَثَوَابَهَا إِذَا لَمْ يَصْبِرْ عِنْدَ نُزُولِهَا.
7. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that, O Ishaq, do not count a misfortune in which you were granted patience, thus you deserved reward from Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious. A misfortune is that in which due to acting impatiently, one is deprived of rewards for that suffering.”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: موثق 1 - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (4/184)
8ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنِ امْرَأَةِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّيْقَلِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ لاَ يَنْبَغِي الصِّيَاحُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ وَلاَ شَقُّ الثِّيَابِ.
8. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Ali ibn ‘Uqbah from the woman of al-Hassan al-Sayqal who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that it is not advisable to cry loudly for a deceased or teardown one’s clothes.”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (14/184)
9ـ سَهْلٌ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الأوَّلِ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ ضَرْبُ الرَّجُلِ يَدَهُ عَلَى فَخِذِهِ عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ إِحْبَاطٌ لأَجْرِهِ.
9. Sahl has narrated from Ali ibn Hassa’n from Musa ibn Bakr who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan the 1st, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘A man’s striking his hand on his thigh, when suffering a misfortune, causes suspension of his rewards for his suffering.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف 1 - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (4/185)
10ـ سَهْلٌ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ مُيَسِّرٍ قَالَ كُنَّا عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَشَكَا إِلَيْهِ مُصِيبَةً أُصِيبَ بِهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَمَا إِنَّكَ إِنْ تَصْبِرْ تُؤْجَرْ وَإِلاَّ تَصْبِرْ يَمْضِ عَلَيْكَ قَدَرُ الله الَّذِي قَدَّرَ عَلَيْكَ وَأَنْتَ مَأْزُورٌ.
10. Sahl has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Ali from al-Fudayl ibn Muyassir who has said the following: “We were in the presence of abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, when a man came and complained before him about a misfortune that he had suffered. Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, said, ‘If you exercise patience, you will be rewarded and if you do not exercise patience, Allah’s system of working of things will apply to you without change and you will be counted a sinner.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (14/185)
11ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ قُتَيْبَةَ الأعْشَى قَالَ أَتَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَعُودُ ابْناً لَهُ فَوَجَدْتُهُ عَلَى الْبَابِ فَإِذَا هُوَ مُهْتَمٌّ حَزِينٌ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ كَيْفَ الصَّبِيُّ فَقَالَ وَالله إِنَّهُ لِمَا بِهِ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ فَمَكَثَ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا وَقَدْ أَسْفَرَ وَجْهُهُ وَذَهَبَ التَّغَيُّرُ وَالْحُزْنُ قَالَ فَطَمِعْتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ صَلَحَ الصَّبِيُّ فَقُلْتُ كَيْفَ الصَّبِيُّ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ فَقَالَ وَقَدْ مَضَى لِسَبِيلِهِ فَقُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ لَقَدْ كُنْتَ وَهُوَ حَيٌّ مُهْتَمّاً حَزِيناً وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ حَالَكَ السَّاعَةَ وَقَدْ مَاتَ غَيْرَ تِلْكَ الْحَالِ فَكَيْفَ هَذَا فَقَالَ إِنَّا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ إِنَّمَا نَجْزَعُ قَبْلَ الْمُصِيبَةِ فَإِذَا وَقَعَ أَمْرُ الله رَضِينَا بِقَضَائِهِ وَسَلَّمْنَا لأَمْرِهِ.
11. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir from Ali ibn Mahziyar from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Mahziyar from al-Qutaybah al-A’sha’ who has said the following: “Once I visited abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, to also visit his son who was ill. I met him at the door and he was sorrowful and depressed. I asked, ‘May Allah keep my soul in service of your cause, how is your child?’ He replied, ‘By Allah, he is about to die.’ He then went inside the house and after a while came back to us, he looked bright and without any sign of depression. I had a longing that this can be a sign of the recovery of the child and I asked, ‘May Allah keep my soul in service of your cause, how is the child?’ He replied, ‘He just passed away.’ I then asked, ‘May Allah keep my soul in service of your cause, I found you, when the child was still alive, so much depressed and sad but now, when the child is dead, I see you have changed so much with brightness. How is all this happened?’ He replied, ‘We, the family of the Holy Prophet, cry (to Allah) for help before the fall of misfortune but once the command of Allah is issued, we accept it and submit ourselves to His command.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مجهول - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (14/185)
12ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ جَرَّاحٍ الْمَدَائِنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ لاَ يَصْلُحُ الصِّيَاحُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ وَلاَ يَنْبَغِي وَلَكِنَّ النَّاسَ لاَ يَعْرِفُونَهُ وَالصَّبْرُ خَيْرٌ.
12. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from al-Qasim ibn Sulayman from Jarrah al-Mada’iniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that howling for a deceased is not proper, and it should not happen but people do not know. Exercising patience is better.”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مجهول 1 - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (4/186)
13ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ عَنْ عَلاَءِ بْنِ كَامِلٍ قَالَ كُنْتُ جَالِساً عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فَصَرَخَتْ صَارِخَةٌ مِنَ الدَّارِ فَقَامَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) ثُمَّ جَلَسَ فَاسْتَرْجَعَ وَعَادَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ حَتَّى فَرَغَ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّا لَنُحِبُّ أَنْ نُعَافَى فِي أَنْفُسِنَا وَأَوْلاَدِنَا وَأَمْوَالِنَا فَإِذَا وَقَعَ الْقَضَاءُ فَلَيْسَ لَنَا أَنْ نُحِبَّ مَا لَمْ يُحِبَّ الله لَنَا.
13. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Al-Husayn ibn al-Mukhtar from ‘Ala’ ibn Kamil who has said the following: “Once, I was sitting with abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, when someone inside the house began to cry loudly. Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, stood up and then sat down saying, ‘To Allah we belong and to Him we return,’ and continued his Hadith until he finished and then said, ‘We love to enjoy the wellbeing of our own selves, our children and our properties. If the systems of the working of things bring something upon us, then we have no right to love anything other than what Allah loves to happen to us.”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مجهول 1 - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (4/186)
14ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا قَالَ كَانَ قَوْمٌ أَتَوْا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فَوَافَقُوا صَبِيّاً لَهُ مَرِيضاً فَرَأَوْا مِنْهُ اهْتِمَاماً وَغَمّاً وَجَعَلَ لاَ يَقِرُّ قَالَ فَقَالُوا وَالله لَئِنْ أَصَابَهُ شَيْءٌ إِنَّا لَنَتَخَوَّفُ أَنْ نَرَى مِنْهُ مَا نَكْرَهُ قَالَ فَمَا لَبِثُوا أَنْ سَمِعُوا الصِّيَاحَ عَلَيْهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ قَدْ خَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمْ مُنْبَسِطَ الْوَجْهِ فِي غَيْرِ الْحَالِ الَّتِي كَانَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَالُوا لَهُ جَعَلَنَا الله فِدَاكَ لَقَدْ كُنَّا نَخَافُ مِمَّا نَرَى مِنْكَ أَنْ لَوْ وَقَعَ أَنْ نَرَى مِنْكَ مَا يَغُمُّنَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِنَّا لَنُحِبُّ أَنْ نُعَافَى فِيمَنْ نُحِبُّ فَإِذَا جَاءَ أَمْرُ الله سَلَّمْنَا فِيمَا أَحَبَّ.
14. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from ibn Faddal from Yunus ibn Ya’qub from certain persons of our people who have said the following: “Once a group of people came to visit abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, to find out how one of his children suffering from illness was doing. They found him deeply concerned, grieved and restless. The narrator has said that they said, ‘By Allah, if something happens to him (the child), we are afraid we will see something from him (the Imam) that we will not like to see.’ The narrator has said that within a short time they began to hear weeping and crying for him. On the other hand, the Imam came to them, relaxed, free of concerns and totally changed from his previous conditions. They said, ‘May Allah keep our souls in the service of your cause, from seeing your condition we were afraid that if something happens, we may see things that will cause us a great deal of sorrow.’ The Imam then said to them, ‘We love to enjoy the wellbeing of whatever we love, but when the command of Allah comes we submit ourselves to what He loves.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مرسل 1 - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (4/187)