 The Cleansing Quality of Water

The Quantity of Water that Always Remains Clean

The Case of a Small Quantity of Water, the Water with a Dead Body in it and its use by a Man to Wash His Dirty Hand in it

The Case of a Well and Things that May Fall in It (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 2-12 as well as the following chapter.)

A Well near a Cesspool

Taking Wudu’ With Water from Which Animals, Beasts and Birds Have Drunk

Taking Wudu’ with the Water from Which a Woman during Her Hayd (menses), People After Having Carnal Relations, a Jew, a Christian or a Person Hostile toward ’A’immah Has Drunk (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 4-6 of this chapter.)

A Man Places His Hand in the Water before Washing, the Limit of Washing Hands Because of Carnal Relations, Urination, Feces and Sleeping

Mixing of Rain Water with Urine, with Water Used for Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Carnal Relations, Touching of One’s Cloth with Water Used for Washing Because of Urine

Water of Bath Houses and Water Heated by the Sun’s Rays

Places Not Desirable to Use as a Lavatory

Expressions to Say When Entering a Lavatory and When Coming Out

Draining Urine, Washing and If One Does Not Find Water

The Quantity of Water Required for Wudu’, Showers and One Who Is Excessive in the Use of Water for Wudu’

Brushing One’s Teeth

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils

Description of Wudu’

The Area of the Face and Hands to be Washed for Wudu’

Wiping of Head and Feet

Wiping Over the Shoes

Bandages and Wounds

Facing Doubts about Wudu’ Forgetting or Mixing Proper Order

Matters that Invalidate or Do not Invalidate Wudu’

One’s Stepping over Feces or Other Such Things

Certain Fluid, Which Is Other than Urine and Semen

Kinds of Ghusl (bath)

Matters Covered by Ghusl (bath)

Necessity of Ghusl (bath) on Friday

Description of Ghusl (bath), Wudu’ Before or Thereafter and a Man’s Ghusl (bath) in an Improper Place, Expressions to Say During Taking Ghusl (bath) and Moving a Ring During Ghusl (bath)

Reason Necessitating Ghusl (bath) for Men and Women

Wet Dreams of Men and Women

Finding Fluid Coming Out after Ghusl (bath)

One after Carnal Relations Eats, Drinks, Reads, Enters a Masjid, Dyes Hair, Uses Fragrance and So On

One after Carnal Relation Sweats in His Clothes, Clothes Touch His Wet Body

Semen or Al-Madhiy Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine of Animals and Their Dung

Clothes Come in Contact with Blood and Pus

Dogs Touching Clothes, Body and So On

Description of Tayammum

When Tayammum Is Necessary and Finding Water Thereafter

One’s having Little Water on a Journey but Is Afraid of Facing Thirst

One’s Experiencing Carnal Relations and Having Only Ice

Taking Tayammum with Clay

Bandages, Injuries, One’s Suffering from Smallpox and or Experiencing Carnal Relations

Rare Ahadith about Wudu’

Chapters on Hayd (menses)

Minimum and Maximum Duration of Hayd

Women’s Experiencing Hayd After or Before Their Date of Hayd

Women Observe Yellowish Blood Before or After Hayd (menses)

First Time Hayd (menses)

Examining if Hayd (menses) has Ended or Not

Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Hayd and the Kind of Water Needed

Women Find Blood after Sexual Relation

Comprehensive Instructions About Hayd (menses) and Istihadah (irregular menses)

Signs for Differentiating Between Blood of Hayd and Istihadah

Differentiating Among Blood of Hayd, Virginity or a Wound

Pregnant Woman Finds Blood

Blood Because of Childbirth

Blood Discharge after a Woman’s Experiencing Discharge-Free Period after Childbirth and Blood Discharge before Birth or after Childbirth

Matters Necessary for Women during Hayd at the Times of Salah (prayer)

Women Find Hayd Blood after the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) Before Performing It Or Become Clean Before the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) But Are Too Lazy for Ghusl (bath)

Women Feel Hayd during Salah (Prayer)

Women Must Make-up-for Fasting Because of Hayd but Not Salah (Prayer) 

Women’s Reading the Holy Quran During Hayd or Child-birth 

Women during Hayd Can Pick up Things from a Masjid but Must Not Leave Anything Therein

Women’s Hayd (menses) Stops, Comes Again and the Time of Menopause

Women’s Using Medicine to Have Hayd (menses) after It Stops 

Using Dye during Hayd (menses) 

Washing Clothes of Women during Hayd 

Women During Hayd Pick up Prayer Rug or Water 

Causes of Death and that Believing People May Die by any Manner of Dying 

The Reward for a Person Suffering from Illness 

Another Section on the Same Subject 

The Limits of Complaints 

A Patient’s Giving Permission to His Visitors 

How Often a Patient Should Be Visited, How Long the Duration of Visitation Should Be and Complete Visit 

The Limit of a Sudden Death 

The Virtue (Reward) of Visiting a Patient 

Dictations to a Dying Person

Difficulty in Dying (If Dying Becomes Difficult and the Agony of Death Intense) 

Facing the Dying Person Toward Qiblah

A Believing Person Is Not Caused to Die Against His Will

Things that Believers and Unbelievers See in Dying Conditions

Taking out of the Souls of Believing and Unbelievers

Burial Should Take Place Immediately

Rare Ahadith

Women during Hayd Nurse a Patient (The following chapters are about rules of washing a dead body for burial, shrouding and other matters of burial, and are best explained in the form of fatwa. Consult current fatwa about them.)

Washing a Dead Body

Hunut (Rubbing Camphor) on a Dead Body and Shrouding

Shrouding a Deceased Women

Undesirability of Perfuming the Shroud or Warming Water for Washing Dead Bodies

The Desirable Pieces of Shroud and the Undesirable Ones

The Amount of Water Needed for Ghusl (bath) of a Deceased Person

The Two Fresh Al-Jaridah (Twigs of Palm Tree)

Persons Dead Without Shower Due to Carnal Relations Hayd or Child Birth Reasons

Chapter 26- Dead Woman with a Baby Moving Inside Her

Cutting of Nails and Hairs of Dead Person Undesirable

Things Coming Out of a Dead Body after Ghusl (bath)

Washing of Persons of opposite Gender

1ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ يَحْيَى الْكَاهِلِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ إِذَا أَتَيْتَ مَاءً وَفِيهِ قِلَّةٌ فَانْضَحْ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ وَعَنْ يَسَارِكَ وَبَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ وَتَوَضَّأْ.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from ‘Abd Allah ibn Yahya al-Kahiliy who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘If you find a small quantity of water, then take away some water from the right, left and in front of you, then take a Wudu’” 

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُيَسِّرِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ الْجُنُبِ يَنْتَهِي إِلَى الْمَاءِ الْقَلِيلِ فِي الطَّرِيقِ وَيُرِيدُ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ مِنْهُ وَلَيْسَ مَعَهُ إِنَاءٌ يَغْرِفُ بِهِ وَيَدَاهُ قَذِرَتَانِ قَالَ يَضَعُ يَدَهُ وَيَتَوَضَّأُ ثُمَّ يَغْتَسِلُ هَذَا مِمَّا قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ما جَعَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ مِنْ حَرَجٍ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from ibn Muskan who has said that Muhammad ibn al- Muyassir has said the following: “I asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘A man, after a sexual activity finds water on the way which is less than a Kur in quantity. He wants to take a bath but he does not have a bowl to pick up water with. His hands are dirty (but they are clean). What should he do?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He may place his hand in it to take Wudu’ (to wash) then he takes a bath. Allah, the most Majestic, the most Glorious, has said, “He (Allah) has not made in religion anything that causes you hardships.’” (22:78) 

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَنَّهُ قَالَ كُلَّمَا غَلَبَ الْمَاءُ رِيحَ الْجِيفَةِ فَتَوَضَّأْ مِنَ الْمَاءِ وَاشْرَبْ وَإِذَا تَغَيَّرَ الْمَاءُ وَتَغَيَّرَ الطَّعْمُ فَلاَ تَتَوَضَّأْ وَلاَ تَشْرَبْ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Hammad from Hariz from those who reported to him who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that as long as water overwhelms the smell of a dead animal you can take Wudu’ with it and drink it, but when the smell changes as well as its taste, then do not take Wudu’ with it and do not drink it.” 

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) وَأَنَا جَالِسٌ عَنْ غَدِيرٍ أَتَوْهُ وَفِيهِ جِيفَةٌ فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَ الْمَاءُ قَاهِراً وَلاَ يُوجَدُ فِيهِ الرِّيحُ فَتَوَضَّأْ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa ibn ‘Ubayd from Yunus ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “A man asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when I was present, about a pond of water where a dead animal was found. He (the Imam) said, ‘If water is overwhelming and there is no smell in it, then you can take Wudu’ with it.’” 

5ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الْمَاءِ السَّاكِنِ وَالاسْتِنْجَاءِ مِنْهُ وَالْجِيفَةُ فِيهِ فَقَالَ تَوَضَّأْ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الآخَرِ وَلاَ تَوَضَّأْ مِنْ جَانِبِ الْجِيفَةِ.

5. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn abu Hamzah who has said the following: “I asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a (pond of) water which is not running and has a dead animal in it. ‘How can one cleanse oneself with such water?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘You can take Wudu’ from the other side and not from the side of the dead animal.’” 

6ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فِي الْمَاءِ الآجِنِ تَتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهُ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَجِدَ مَاءً غَيْرَهُ فَتَنَزَّهْ مِنْهُ.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘Is it permissible to take Wudu’ with water which is discolored?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘You can do so but if you find other water cleanse yourself with it.’” 

7ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَهْلٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ الْجَمَّالِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الْحِيَاضِ الَّتِي بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ تَرِدُهَا السِّبَاعُ وَتَلَغُ فِيهَا الْكِلاَبُ وَيَغْتَسِلُ فِيهَا الْجُنُبُ أَ يُتَوَضَّأُ مِنْهَا قَالَ وَكَمْ قَدْرُ الْمَاءِ قُلْتُ إِلَى نِصْفِ السَّاقِ وَإِلَى الرُّكْبَةِ وَأَقَلَّ قَالَ تَوَضَّأْ. 

7. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from Safwan al-Jammal who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘There are ponds between al-Madinah and Makkah where beasts come and dogs lick, people take baths because of sexual activities or take Wudu’ with it.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘How much water is it?’ I replied, ‘It is up to the leg or up to half of the leg or up to the knees or less.’ He (the Imam) said, ’You can take Wudu’ with such water.”’ 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

Book 1, Chapter 3