 The Cleansing Quality of Water

The Quantity of Water that Always Remains Clean

The Case of a Small Quantity of Water, the Water with a Dead Body in it and its use by a Man to Wash His Dirty Hand in it

The Case of a Well and Things that May Fall in It (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 2-12 as well as the following chapter.)

A Well near a Cesspool

Taking Wudu’ With Water from Which Animals, Beasts and Birds Have Drunk

Taking Wudu’ with the Water from Which a Woman during Her Hayd (menses), People After Having Carnal Relations, a Jew, a Christian or a Person Hostile toward ’A’immah Has Drunk (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 4-6 of this chapter.)

A Man Places His Hand in the Water before Washing, the Limit of Washing Hands Because of Carnal Relations, Urination, Feces and Sleeping

Mixing of Rain Water with Urine, with Water Used for Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Carnal Relations, Touching of One’s Cloth with Water Used for Washing Because of Urine

Water of Bath Houses and Water Heated by the Sun’s Rays

Places Not Desirable to Use as a Lavatory

Expressions to Say When Entering a Lavatory and When Coming Out

Draining Urine, Washing and If One Does Not Find Water

The Quantity of Water Required for Wudu’, Showers and One Who Is Excessive in the Use of Water for Wudu’

Brushing One’s Teeth

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils

Description of Wudu’

The Area of the Face and Hands to be Washed for Wudu’

Wiping of Head and Feet

Wiping Over the Shoes

Bandages and Wounds

Facing Doubts about Wudu’ Forgetting or Mixing Proper Order

Matters that Invalidate or Do not Invalidate Wudu’

One’s Stepping over Feces or Other Such Things

Certain Fluid, Which Is Other than Urine and Semen

Kinds of Ghusl (bath)

Matters Covered by Ghusl (bath)

Necessity of Ghusl (bath) on Friday

Description of Ghusl (bath), Wudu’ Before or Thereafter and a Man’s Ghusl (bath) in an Improper Place, Expressions to Say During Taking Ghusl (bath) and Moving a Ring During Ghusl (bath)

Reason Necessitating Ghusl (bath) for Men and Women

Wet Dreams of Men and Women

Finding Fluid Coming Out after Ghusl (bath)

One after Carnal Relations Eats, Drinks, Reads, Enters a Masjid, Dyes Hair, Uses Fragrance and So On

One after Carnal Relation Sweats in His Clothes, Clothes Touch His Wet Body

Semen or Al-Madhiy Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine of Animals and Their Dung

Clothes Come in Contact with Blood and Pus

Dogs Touching Clothes, Body and So On

Description of Tayammum

When Tayammum Is Necessary and Finding Water Thereafter

One’s having Little Water on a Journey but Is Afraid of Facing Thirst

One’s Experiencing Carnal Relations and Having Only Ice

Taking Tayammum with Clay

Bandages, Injuries, One’s Suffering from Smallpox and or Experiencing Carnal Relations

Rare Ahadith about Wudu’

Chapters on Hayd (menses)

Minimum and Maximum Duration of Hayd

Women’s Experiencing Hayd After or Before Their Date of Hayd

Women Observe Yellowish Blood Before or After Hayd (menses)

First Time Hayd (menses)

Examining if Hayd (menses) has Ended or Not

Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Hayd and the Kind of Water Needed

Women Find Blood after Sexual Relation

Comprehensive Instructions About Hayd (menses) and Istihadah (irregular menses)

Signs for Differentiating Between Blood of Hayd and Istihadah

Differentiating Among Blood of Hayd, Virginity or a Wound

Pregnant Woman Finds Blood

Blood Because of Childbirth

Blood Discharge after a Woman’s Experiencing Discharge-Free Period after Childbirth and Blood Discharge before Birth or after Childbirth

Matters Necessary for Women during Hayd at the Times of Salah (prayer)

Women Find Hayd Blood after the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) Before Performing It Or Become Clean Before the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) But Are Too Lazy for Ghusl (bath)

Women Feel Hayd during Salah (Prayer)

Women Must Make-up-for Fasting Because of Hayd but Not Salah (Prayer) 

Women’s Reading the Holy Quran During Hayd or Child-birth 

Women during Hayd Can Pick up Things from a Masjid but Must Not Leave Anything Therein

Women’s Hayd (menses) Stops, Comes Again and the Time of Menopause

Women’s Using Medicine to Have Hayd (menses) after It Stops 

Using Dye during Hayd (menses) 

Washing Clothes of Women during Hayd 

Women During Hayd Pick up Prayer Rug or Water 

Causes of Death and that Believing People May Die by any Manner of Dying 

The Reward for a Person Suffering from Illness 

Another Section on the Same Subject 

The Limits of Complaints 

A Patient’s Giving Permission to His Visitors 

How Often a Patient Should Be Visited, How Long the Duration of Visitation Should Be and Complete Visit 

The Limit of a Sudden Death 

The Virtue (Reward) of Visiting a Patient 

Dictations to a Dying Person

Difficulty in Dying (If Dying Becomes Difficult and the Agony of Death Intense) 

Facing the Dying Person Toward Qiblah

A Believing Person Is Not Caused to Die Against His Will

Things that Believers and Unbelievers See in Dying Conditions

Taking out of the Souls of Believing and Unbelievers

Burial Should Take Place Immediately

Rare Ahadith

Women during Hayd Nurse a Patient (The following chapters are about rules of washing a dead body for burial, shrouding and other matters of burial, and are best explained in the form of fatwa. Consult current fatwa about them.)

Washing a Dead Body

Hunut (Rubbing Camphor) on a Dead Body and Shrouding

Shrouding a Deceased Women

Undesirability of Perfuming the Shroud or Warming Water for Washing Dead Bodies

The Desirable Pieces of Shroud and the Undesirable Ones

The Amount of Water Needed for Ghusl (bath) of a Deceased Person

The Two Fresh Al-Jaridah (Twigs of Palm Tree)

Persons Dead Without Shower Due to Carnal Relations Hayd or Child Birth Reasons

Chapter 26- Dead Woman with a Baby Moving Inside Her

Cutting of Nails and Hairs of Dead Person Undesirable

Things Coming Out of a Dead Body after Ghusl (bath)

Washing of Persons of opposite Gender

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ حَدِّ الْوَجْهِ الَّذِي يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يُوَضَّأَ الَّذِي قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَقَالَ الْوَجْهُ الَّذِي أَمَرَ الله تَعَالَى بِغَسْلِهِ الَّذِي لاَ يَنْبَغِي لأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَزِيدَ عَلَيْهِ وَلاَ يَنْقُصَ مِنْهُ إِنْ زَادَ عَلَيْهِ لَمْ يُؤْجَرْ وَإِنْ نَقَصَ مِنْهُ أَثِمَ مَا دَارَتْ عَلَيْهِ السَّبَّابَةُ وَالْوُسْطَى وَالإِبْهَامُ مِنْ قُصَاصِ الرَّأْسِ إِلَى الذَّقَنِ وَمَا جَرَتْ عَلَيْهِ الإِصْبَعَانِ مِنَ الْوَجْهِ مُسْتَدِيراً فَهُوَ مِنَ الْوَجْهِ وَمَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَ الْوَجْهِ قُلْتُ الصُّدْغُ لَيْسَ مِنَ الْوَجْهِ قَالَ لاَ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from af-Fadf ibn Shadhan all from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam) about the limits of the face that must be washed for Wudu’ about which Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has also spoken. He (the Imam) said, ‘The face which Allah, most High, has commanded to wash to the limits of which no one has permission for addition or reduction; for addition one cannot receive any reward and for reduction one commits a sin. That limit is the area of the face which one’s forefinger, middle finger and thumb cover in width and in depth from the hairline on the forehead down to one’s chin and the area of the face over which the two fingers (middle finger and thumb) pass downward is of the face, besides this is not of the face.’ I (the narrator) then said, ‘Is the temple not of the face?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not (part) of the face.’” 

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ الْعَلاَءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَتَوَضَّأُ أَ يُبَطِّنُ لِحْيَتَهُ قَالَ لاَ.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Safwan from al-‘Ala’ from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I asked one of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about a man who takes Wudu’, ‘Is he required to wash inside his beard?’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘No, he is not required to do so.’” 

3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) لاَ تَضْرِبُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ بِالْمَاءِ ضَرْباً إِذَا تَوَضَّأْتُمْ وَلَكِنْ شُنُّوا الْمَاءَ شَنّاً.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from his father from ibn al-Mughirah from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah has said, “Do not strike water against your face when taking Wudu’. Allow the water to flow over your face.’” 

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ حَدِّ الْوَجْهِ فَكَتَبَ مِنْ أَوَّلِ الشَّعْرِ إِلَى آخِرِ الْوَجْهِ وَكَذَلِكَ الْجَبِينَيْنِ.

4. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ’Isma‘il ibn Mehran who has said the following: “I wrote to al-Rida (a.s.), and asked him about the limits of the area of the face. He wrote this back to me, ‘It is from the hairline down to the end and (beginning of) both brows.’” 

5ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ التَّمِيمِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنْ قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَاغْسِلُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ إِلَى الْمَرافِقِ فَقُلْتُ هَكَذَا وَمَسَحْتُ مِنْ ظَهْرِ كَفِّي إِلَى الْمِرْفَقِ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ هَكَذَا تَنْزِيلُهَا إِنَّمَا هِيَ فَاغْسِلُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ مِنَ الْمَرَافِقِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَّ يَدَهُ مِنْ مِرْفَقِهِ إِلَى أَصَابِعِهِ.

5. Muhammad ibn al-Hassan and others have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-Haytham ibn ‘Urwah al- Tamimiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, the most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘. . . wash your faces and hands to the elbow. . .’ and I passed my hand over my hand to my elbow asking, ‘Should I wash in this manner?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not revealed for that manner. It is only “wash your faces and hands to the elbow’” He (the Imam) passed his hand over his elbow toward his fingers.” 

6ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَخِيهِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ فَرَضَ الله عَلَى النِّسَاءِ فِي الْوُضُوءِ لِلصَّلاَةِ أَنْ يَبْتَدِئْنَ بِبَاطِنِ أَذْرُعِهِنَّ وَفِي الرِّجَالِ بِظَاهِرِ الذِّرَاعِ.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his brother Ishaq ibn Ibrahim from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il ibn Bazi‘ who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan, al-Rida (a.s.), has said, ‘In the case of women about Wudu’ for Salah (prayer), Allah has made it obligatory in washing their hands to pour water over the interior side of their forearm and for men to pour water over the exterior side of their forearms.’” 

7ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الأقْطَعِ الْيَدِ وَالرِّجْلِ قَالَ يَغْسِلُهُمَا.

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu Najran from ‘Asim ibn Humayd from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once, asked Abu Ja’far (a.s.), about rules of Wudu’ in the case of a cut-off hand or leg. He (the Imam) said, ‘One must wash them.’” 

8ـ وَعَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الأقْطَعِ قَالَ يَغْسِلُ مَا قُطِعَ مِنْهُ.

8. It is a narration from him (narrator of the previous Hadith) by his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Rifa‘ah and Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Rifa‘ah, who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a cut-off hand for Wudu’. He (the Imam) said, ‘One must wash the cut-off part.”’ 

9ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْعَمْرَكِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قُطِعَتْ يَدُهُ مِنَ الْمِرْفَقِ كَيْفَ يَتَوَضَّأُ قَالَ يَغْسِلُ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ عَضُدِهِ.

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from al-‘Amrakiy from Ali ibn Ja‘far who has said the following: “I asked my brother, Musa ibn Ja‘far (a.s.), about a man whose hand is cut off from the elbow. How he should take Wudu’? He (the Imam) said, ‘He must wash what is left of his arm.’” 

10ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَنَّ أُنَاساً يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ بَطْنَ الأذُنَيْنِ مِنَ الْوَجْهِ وَظَهْرَهُمَا مِنَ الرَّأْسِ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمَا غَسْلٌ وَلاَ مَسْحٌ. 

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once said to abu Ja’far (a.s.), ‘There are people who say that the inside of ears is (part) of the face and their outside is (part) of the head.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘There is no washing or wiping for them.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

Book 1, Chapter 18