The First Assembly, which is Friday, Twelve Nights Remaining in Rajab, 367 AH.

The Second Assembly, which is Tuesday, Seven Days Remaining from Rajab, 367 AH.

The Third Assembly, which is Friday, Five Days Remaining from Rajab, 367 AH.

The Fourth Assembly, which is Tuesday, the Last of Rajab, 367 AH.

The Fifth Assembly, which is Friday, two nights into Sha`ban, 367 AH.

The Sixth Assembly, which is Tuesday, Seven Nights into Sha`ban, 367 AH.

The Seventh Assembly, which is Friday, Ten Nights into Sha`ban, 367 AH.

The Eighth Assembly, which is Tuesday, the Fourteenth of Sha`ban, 367 AH.

The Ninth Assembly, which is Friday, the Seventeenth of Sha`ban, 367 AH.

The Tenth Assembly, which is Tuesday, Ten Days remaining from Sha`ban, 367 AH.

The Eleventh Assembly, which is Friday, Six Days remaining from Sha`ban, 367 AH.

The Twelfth Assembly, which is Tuesday, Three Days remaining from Sha`ban, 367 AH.

The Thirteenth Assembly, which is Friday, the First of the Month of Ramadan, 367 AH.

The Fourteenth Assembly, which is Tuesday, the Fifth of the Month of Ramadan, 367 AH.

The Fifteenth Assembly, which is Friday, the Eighth of the Month of Ramadan, 367 AH.

The Sixteenth Assembly, which is Tuesday, the Twelfth of the Month of Ramadan, 367 AH.

The Seventeenth Assembly, which is Friday, the Middle of the Month of Ramadan, 367 AH.

The Eighteenth Assembly, which is Tuesday, the Nineteenth of the Month of Ramadan, 367 AH.

The Nineteenth Assembly, which is Friday, the Twenty-Second of the Month of Ramadan, 367 AH.

The Twentieth Assembly, an Assembly on Tuesday, with Four Nights Remaining from the Month of Ramadan, 367 AH.

The Twenty-First Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Last of the Month of Ramadan, 367 AH.

The Twenty-Second Assembly, which is the Day of Eid, the First of the Month of Shawwal, 367 AH.

The Twenty-Third Assembly, which is Tuesday, two nights into Shawwal, 367 AH.

The Twenty-Fourth Assembly, Wednesday, the Fourth of Shawwal, 367 AH.

The Twenty-Fifth Assembly, which was dictated to us in Tus in the Shrine of al-Rida `Ali b. Musa (s) on Friday, the Seventeenth of Dhul Hijja, 367 AH.

The Twenty-Sixth Assembly in the shrine of al-Rida (as), the day of Ghadir Khumm, which is Saturday, the Eighteenth of Dhul Hijja, 367 AH.

The Twenty-Seventh Assembly, which is Friday, the First of Muharram, 367 AH. He delivered it after he returned from the Shrine of al-Rida (as)

The Twenty-Eighth Assembly, which is Tuesday, the 5th of Muharram, 368 AH, after he returned from the Shrine of al-Rida (as).

The Twenty-Ninth Assembly, the Gathering on Friday, the Eighth of Muharram, 368 AH.

The Thirtieth Assembly, Saturday, the Ninth of Muharram, 268 AH, which is the [the Eve of] the Killing of al-Husayn b. `Ali b. Abi Talib (as).

The Thirty-First Assembly in the Remainder of the Killing [of al-Husayn], Sunday, which is the Day of `Ashura’, Ten into al-Muharram, 368 AH.

The Thirty-Second Assembly, Tuesday, the Twelfth of Muharram, 368 AH.

The Thirty-Third Assembly, Friday, Halfway into Muharram, 368 AH.

The Thirty-Fourth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Nineteenth of Muharram, 368 AH.

The Thirty-Fifth Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Twenty-Second of Muharram, 368 AH.

The Thirty-Sixth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Twenty-Sixth of Muharram, 368 AH.

The Thirty-Seventh Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Last of Muharram, 368 AH.

The Thirty-Eighth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Fourth of Safar, 368 AH.

The Thirty-Ninth Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Seventh of Safar, 368 AH.

The Fortieth Assembly, which is the Assembly of Tuesday, the Eleventh of Safar, 368 AH.

The Forty-First Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Fourteenth of Safar, 368 AH.

The Forty-Second Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Eighteenth of Safar, 368 AH.

The Forty-Third Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Twenty-First of Safar, 368 AH.

The Forty-Fourth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Twenty-Fifth of Safar, 368 AH.

The Forty-Fifth Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, Two Nights Remaining from Safar, 368 AH.

The Forty-Sixth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Second of the Month of Rabi` al-Awwal, 368 AH.

The Forty-Seventh Assembly, Friday, the Fifth of the Month of Rabi` al-Awwal, 368 AH.

The Forty-Eighth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Ninth of the Month of Rabi` al-Awwal, 368 AH.

The Forty-Ninth Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Twelfth of the Month of Rabi` al-Awwal, 368 AH.

The Fiftieth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Sixteenth of the Month of Rabi` al-Awwal, 368 AH.

The Fifty-First Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the [Nineteenth] of Rabi` al-Awwal, 368 AH.

The Fifty-Second Assembly, which is Tuesday, the Twenty-Third of the Month of Rabi` al-Awwal, 368 AH.

The Fifty-Third Assembly, which is Friday, the Twenty-Sixth of the Month of Rabi` al-Awwal, 368 AH.

The Fifty-Forth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the First of Rabi` al-Akhir, 368 AH.

The Fifty-Fifth Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Fourth of the Month of Rabi` al-Akhir, 368 AH.

The Fifty-Sixth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the 8th of the Month of Rabi` al-Akhir, 368 AH.

The Fifty-Seventh Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Eleventh of the Month of Rabi` al-Akhir, 368 AH.

The Fifty-Eighth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, Halfway through the Month of Rabi` al-Akhir, 368 AH.

The Fifty-Ninth Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Eighteenth of the Month of Rabi` al-Akhir, 368 AH.

The Sixtieth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Twenty-Second of the Month of Rabi` al-Akhir, 368 AH.

The Sixty-First Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Twenty-Fifth of the Month of Rabi` al-Akhir, 368 AH.

The Sixty-Second Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Last of Rabi` al-Akhir, 368 AH.

The Sixty-Third Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Third of Jumada al-Ula, 368 AH.

The Sixty-Fourth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Sixth of Jumada al-Ula, 368 AH.

The Sixty-Fifth Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Ninth from Jumada al-Ula, 368 AH.

The Sixty-Sixth Assembly: The Assembly of Tuesday, the Thirteenth of Jumada al-Ula, 368 AH.

The Sixty-Seventh Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Sixteenth of Jumada al-Ula, 368 AH.

The Sixty-Eighth Assembly, which is the Assembly of Tuesday, Ten Days Remaining from Jumada al-Ula, 368 AH.

The Sixty-Ninth Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Thirty-Second of Jumada al-Ula, 368 AH.

The Seventieth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Twenty-Seventh of Jumada al-Ula, 368 AH.

The Seventy-First Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Last of Jumada al-Ula, 368 AH.

The Seventy-Second Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Fifth of Jumada al-Ukhra, 368 AH.

The Seventy-Third Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Eighth from Jumada al-Ukhra, 368 AH.

The Seventy-Fourth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Twelfth of Jumada al-Ukhra, 368 AH.

The Seventy-Fifth Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Middle of Jumada al-Ukhra, 368 AH.

The Seventy-Sixth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Nineteenth of Jumada al-Ukhra, 368 AH.

The Seventy-Seventh Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, Eight Days Remaining from Jumada al-Ukhra, 368 AH.

The Seventy-Eighth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, Four Days Remaining from Jumada al-Ukhra, 368 AH.

The Seventy-Ninth Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Last of Jumada al-Ukhra, 368 AH.

The Eightieth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, Four Nights into Rajab, 368 AH.

The Eighty-First Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, Seven Nights into Rajab, 368 AH.

The Eighty-Second Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Eleventh of Rajab, 368 AH.

The Eighty-Third Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Fourteenth of Rajab, 368 AH.

The Eighty-Fourth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Eighteenth of Rajab, 368 AH.

The Eighty-Fifth Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Twenty-Second of Rajab, 368 AH.

The Eighty-Sixth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, Five Days Remaining in Rajab, 368 AH.

The Eighty-Seventh Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Twenty-Eighth of Rajab, 368 AH.

The Eighty-Eighth Assembly, Saturday, the Last Day of Rajab, 368 AH.

The Eighty-Ninth Assembly, the Assembly of Sunday, the First of Sha`ban, 368 AH, in the House of al-Sayyid Abi Muhammad Yahya b. Muhammad al-`Alawi (ra)

The Ninetieth Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Third of Sha`ban, 368 AH.

The Ninety-First Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, Six Nights into Sha`ban, 368 AH.

The Ninety-Second Assembly, the Assembly of Tuesday, the Tenth of Sha`ban, 368 AH.

The Ninety-Third Assembly, the Assembly of Friday, the Thirteenth of Sha`ban, 368 AH.

The Ninety-Fourth Assembly, Dictated on Tuesday, the Seventeenth of Sha`ban, 368 AH in Holy Mashhad (Peace Be Upon its Inhabitant), When He Went to Houses Beyond the River

The Ninety-Fifth Assembly, the Assembly of Wednesday, Twelve Nights Remain From Sha`ban, 368 AH. Dictated in the Mashhad of Imam al-Rida (s).

The Ninety-Sixth Assembly, Another Assembly of Wednesday, Twelve Nights Remain from Sha`ban, 368 AH, at `Asr Time

The Ninety-Seventh Assembly, the Assembly of Thursday, Eleven Nights Remain From Sha`ban, 368 AH, in the Mashhad of Our Master Abi'l Hasan `Ali b. Musa al-Rida (as)

1 - حدثنا الشيخ أبو جعفر محمد بن علي بن الحسين بن موسى بن بابويه القمي (رحمه الله)، قال: حدثنا أبي (رحمه الله)، قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن الحسن المؤدب، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن علي الاصبهاني، عن إبراهيم بن محمد الثقفي، قال: حدثنا جعفر بن الحسن، عن عبيد الله بن موسى العبسي، عن محمد بن علي السلمي، عن عبد الله بن محمد بن عقيل، عن جابر بن عبد الله الانصاري، أنه قال: لقد سمعت رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله) يقول في علي خصالا، لو كانت واحدة منها في جميع الناس لاكتفوا بها فضلا: قوله (صلى الله عليه وآله): من كنت مولاه فعلي مولاه. وقوله (صلى الله عليه وآله): علي مني كهارون من موسى. وقوله (صلى الله عليه وآله): علي مني وأنا منه. وقوله (صلى الله عليه وآله): علي مني كنفسي، طاعته طاعتي، ومعصيته معصيتي. وقوله (صلى الله عليه وآله): حرب علي حرب الله، وسلم علي سلم الله. وقوله (صلى الله عليه وآله): ولي علي ولي الله، وعدو علي عدو الله. وقوله (صلى الله عليه وآله): علي حجة الله وخليفته على عباده.

محمد بن علي بن الحسين بن بابويه

حدثنا الشيخ الفقيه أبو جعفر محمد بن علي بن الحسين بن موسى بن بابويه القمي رحمه الله  قال حدثنا

أبي

قال حدثنا

عبد الله بن الحسن المؤدب

أحمد بن علي الأصبهاني

عن

إبراهيم بن محمد الثقفي

جعفر بن الحسن

عبيد الله بن موسى العبسي

محمد بن علي السلمي

عبد الله بن محمد بن عقيل

جابر بن عبد الله الأنصاري

أنه قال لقد سمعت

رسول الله ص

يقول

Abu Ja`far Muhammad b. `Ali b. a-Husayn b. Musa b. Babuwayh al-Qummi (rh) narrated to us. He said: My father (rh) narrated to us. He said: `Abdullah b. al-Hasan al-Mu’addab narrated to us. He said: Ahmad b. `Ali al-Isfahani narrated to us from Ibrahim b. Muhammad al-Thaqafi. He said: Ja`far b. al-Hasan narrated to us from `Ubaydullah b. Musa al-`Abbasi from Muhammad b. `Ali al-Salami from `Abdullah b. Muhammad b. `Aqil from Jabir b. `Abdullah al-Ansari. He said: I have heard the Messenger of Allah (s) describe the characteristics of `Ali – if only one were spread among all the people, they would have sufficient virtue. He (s) said: “For whomever I am a master, `Ali is his master.” He (s) said: “`Ali to me is as Harun was to Musa.” He (s) said: “`Ali is from me and I am from him.” He (s) said: “`Ali is from me like my own self. Obedience to him is obedience to me, and disobedience to him is disobedience to me.” He (s) said: “The war of `Ali is the war of Allah, and the peace of `Ali is the peace of Allah.” He (s) said: “The friend of `Ali is the friend of Allah, and the enemy of `Ali is the enemy of Allah.” He (s) said: “`Ali is the Proof of Allah and His vicegerent over His servants.”

2 - حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم بن إسحاق (رحمه الله)، قال: حدثنا أبو جعفر أحمد بن إسحاق بن بهلول القاضي في داره بمدينة السلام، قال: حدثنا أبي، قال: حدثنا علي بن يزيد الصدائي، عن أبي شيبة الجوهري، عن أنس بن مالك، قال: قال رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله): تقبلوا لي بست أتقبل لكم بالجنة: إذا حدثتم فلا تكذبوا، وإذا وعدتم فلا تخلفوا، وإذا ائتمنتم فلا تخونوا، وغضوا أبصاركم، واحفظوا فروجكم، وكفوا أيديكم وألسنتكم (2).

حدثنا

محمد بن إبراهيم بن إسحاق

أبي جعفر أحمد بن إسحاق بن بهلول القاضي

في داره بمدينة السلام قال حدثنا

علي بن يزيد الصدائي

أبي شيبة الجوهري

أنس بن مالك

قال قال

Muhammad b. Ibrahim b. Ishaq (rh) narrated to us. He said: Abu Ja`far Ahmad b. Ishaq b. Bahlul al-Qadi narrated to us in the City of Peace. He said: My father narrated to us. He said: `Ali b. Yazid al-Sada’i from Abi Shayba al-Jawhari from Anas b. Malik. He said: The Messenger of Allah (s) said: Promise me six things, and I will promise you Paradise: (1) When you speak, do not lie. (2) If you make a promise, do not break it. (3) If you form a trust, then do not betray it. (4) Lower your gaze. (5) Guard your private parts. (6) Withhold your hands and your tongues [from harming others].

3 - حدثنا أحمد بن زياد (رضي الله عنه)، قال: حدثنا علي بن إبراهيم بن هاشم، قال: حدثنا القاسم بن محمد البرمكي، قال: حدثنا أبو الصلت الهروي، قال: لما جمع المأمون لعلي بن موسى الرضا (عليه السلام) أهل المقالات من أهل الاسلام والديانات من اليهود والنصارى والمجوس والصابئين وسائر أهل المقالات، فلم يقم أحد إلا وقد ألزمه حجته كأنه قد ألقم حجرا، قام إليه علي بن محمد بن الجهم، فقال له: يا بن رسول الله، أتقول بعصمة الانبياء؟ قال: بلى. قال: فما تعمل في قول الله عز وجل: (وعصئ ادم ربه فغوى) (3)، وقوله عز وجل: (وذا النون إذ ذهب  مغاضبا فظن أن لن نقدر عليه) (1)، وقوله في يوسف: (ولقد همت به وهم بها) (2)، وقوله عز وجل في داود: (وظن داود أنما فتناه) (3) وقوله في نبيه محمد (صلى الله عليه وآله): (وتخفي في نفسك ما الله مبديه وتخشى الناس والله أحق أن تخشاه) (4). فقال مولانا الرضا (عليه السلام): ويحك - يا علي - اتق الله، ولا تنسب إلى أنبياء الله الفواحش، ولا تتأول كتاب الله عز وجل برأيك، فإن الله عز وجل يقول: (وما يعلم تأويله إلا الله والراسخون في العلم) (5). أما قوله عز وجل في آدم (عليه السلام): (وعصى آدم ربه فغوى) فإن الله عز وجل خلق آدم حجة في أرضه وخليفة في بلاده، لم يخلقه للجنة، وكانت المعصية من آدم في الجنة لا في الارض تتم مقادير أمر الله عز وجل، فلما أهبط إلى الارض وجعل حجة وخليفة، عصم بقوله عز وجل: (إن الله اصطفى آدم ونوحا وآل إبراهيم وآل عمران على العالمين) (6). وأما قوله عز وجل: (وذا النون إذ ذهب مغاضبا فظن أن لن نقدر عليه) إنما ظن أن الله عز وجل لا يضيق عليه رزقه، ألا تسمع قول الله عز وجل: (وأما إذا ما ابتلاه فقدر عليه رزقه) (7) أي ضيق عليه، ولو ظن أن الله تبارك وتعالى لا يقدر عليه لكان قد كفر. وأما قوله عزوجل في يوسف: (ولقد همت به وهم بها) فإنها همت بالمعصية، وهم يوسف بقتلها إن أجبرته، لعظم ما داخله، فصرف الله عنه قتلها  والفاحشة، وهو قوله: (كذلك لنصرف عنه السوء) يعني القتل (والفحشاء) (1) يعني الزنا. وأما داود، فما يقول من قبلكم فيه؟ فقال علي بن الجهم: يقولون: إن داود كان في محرابه يصلي، إذ تصور له إبليس على صورة طير أحسن ما يكون من الطيور، فقطع صلاته وقام ليأخذ الطير، فخرج الطير إلى الدار، فخرج في أثره، فطار الطير إلى السطح، فصعد في طلبه، فسقط الطير في دار أوريا بن حنان (2)، فاطلع داود في أثر الطير، فإذا بامرأة أوريا تغتسل، فلما نظر إليها هواها، وكان أوريا قد أخرجه في بعض غزواته، فكتب إلى صاحبه: أن قدم أوريا أمام الحرب، فقدم فظفر أوريا بالمشركين، فصعب ذلك على داود، فكتب إليه ثانية: أن قدمه أمام التابوت، فقتل أوريا (رحمه الله)، وتزوج داود بامرأته. قال: فضرب الرضا (عليه السلام) بيده على جبهته، وقال: إنا لله وإنا إليه راجعون، لقد نسبتم نبيا من أنبياء الله إلى التهاون بصلاته، حتى خرج في أثر الطير، ثم بالفاحشة، ثم بالقتل! فقال: يا بن رسول الله، فما كانت خطيئته؟ فقال: ويحك، إن داود إنما ظن أن ما خلق الله عزوجل خلقا هو أعلم منه، فبعث الله عزوجل إليه الملكين فتسورا المحراب، فقالا: (خصمان بغى بعضنا على بعض فاحكم بيننا بالحق ولا تشطط واهدنا إلى سواء الصراط * إن هذا أخي له تسع وتسعون نعجة ولي نعجة واحدة فقال أكفلنيها وعزنى في الخطاب) فعجل داود (عليه السلام) على المدعى عليه، فقال: (لقد ظلمك بسؤال نعجتك إلى نعاجه) (3)، ولم يسأل المدعي البينة على ذلك، ولم يقبل على المدعى عليه فيقول: ما تقول؟ فكان هذا خطيئة حكمه، لا ما ذهبتم  إليه، ألا تسمع قول الله عزوجل يقول: (يا داود إنا جعلناك خليفة في الارض فاحكم بين الناس بالحق) (1) إلى آخر الآية؟ فقلت: يا بن رسول الله، فما قصته مع أوريا؟ فقال الرضا (عليه السلام): إن المرأة في أيام داود كانت إذا مات بعلها أو قتل لا تتزوج بعده أبدا، وأول من أباح الله عزوجل له أن يتزوج بامرأة قتل بعلها داود (عليه السلام)، فذلك الذي شق على [ الناس ] من قبل (2) أوريا. وأما محمد نبيه (صلى الله عليه وآله) وقول الله عزوجل له: (وتخفي في نفسك ما الله مبديه وتخشى الناس والله أحق أن تخشاه) فإن الله عزوجل عرف نبيه (صلى الله عليه وآله) أسماء أزواجه في دار الدنيا، وأسماء أزواجه في الآخرة، وأنهن أمهات المؤمنين، وأحد من سمى له زينب بنت جحش، وهي يومئذ تحت زيد بن حارثة، فأخفى (صلى الله عليه وآله) اسمها في نفسه ولم يبده (3)، لكيلا يقول أحد من المنافقين: إنه قال في امرأة في بيت رجل إنها أحد أزواجه من أمهات المؤمنين، وخشي قول المنافقين، قال الله عزوجل: (والله أحق أن تخشاه) في نفسك، وإن الله عزوجل ما تولى تزويج أحد من خلقه إلا تزويج حواء من آدم، وزينب من رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله): وفاطمة من علي (عليهما السلام). قال: فبكى علي بن الجهم، وقال: يا بن رسول الله، أنا تائب إلى الله عزوجل أن أنطق في أنبياء الله عزوجل بعد يومي هذا إلا بما ذكرته (4).

أحمد بن زياد

علي بن إبراهيم بن هاشم

القاسم بن محمد البرمكي

أبو الصلت الهروي

قال لما جمع المأمون ل

علي بن موسى الرضا عليه السلام

أهل المقالات...فقام إليه علي بن محمد بن الجهم فقال...قال

Ahmad b. Ziyad (ra) narrated to us. He said: `Ali b. Ibrahim b. Hashim narrated to us. He said: al-Qasim b. Muhammad al-Barmaki narrated to us. He said: Abu’l Salt al-Harawi narrated to us. He said: When al-Ma’mun gathered the rhetoricians of Islam and other religions for `Ali b. Musa al-Rida (as), including from among the Jews, Christians, Zoroastrians, Sabeans, and others, no one stood except that he provided his proof to him as though pelting a stone. So, `Ali b. Muhammad b. al-Jahm went to him and said to him: O son of the Messenger of Allah! Do you claim that the prophets were immaculate? He said: Of course. He said: So, what do you saying regarding His saying, “And Adam disobeyed his Lord and strayed.” (20:121) and His saying, “And the man of the whale, when he went off angrily, thinking that We could not restrict him.” (21:87), and His saying regarding Yusuf, “She desired him, and he [would have] desired her” (12:24), and His saying regarding Dawud, “Then, Dawud realized that We had tried him.” (38:24), and His saying to His prophet, Muhammad (s), “You hid in yourself that which Allah is to disclose. You fear the people when Allah has more of a right to be feared.” (33:37) So, our master al-Rida (as) said: Woe to you, O `Ali, fear Allah, do not attribute immorality to the prophets of Allah, and do not interpret the Book of Allah by your own opinion, for Allah says, “No one knows its interpretation except Allah and those delved in knowledge” (3:7). As for His saying regarding Adam (as), “And Adam disobeyed his Lord and strayed.” (20:121) – Allah created Adam to be a Proof on His Earth and a vicegerent in His land. He did not create him for Paradise, and Adam’s disobedience was in Paradise, not on Earth, where he would fulfill the order of Allah. When he fell to the Earth and was made a Proof and a vicegerent, he became immaculate, as He says, “Surely, Allah chose Adam, Nuh, the Family of Ibrahim, and the Family of `Imran over the worlds.” (3:33) As for His saying, “And the man of the whale, when he went off angrily, thinking that We could not restrict him.” (21:87) – he thought that Allah would not restrict his sustenance. Did you not hear the saying of Allah, “But when He tries him by straitening his sustenance” (89:16) – meaning, restrict it for him. If he thought that Allah was unable to straiten it for him, he would have disbelieved. As for His saying regarding Yusuf, “She desired him, and he [would have] desired her” (12:24) She was tempted to sin, and Yusuf was tempted to kill her. He informed her of the seriousness of what she was getting into, so Allah averted the temptation to kill her and to commit obscenity. And that is His saying: “And thus it was that We avert evil and obscenity from him.” (12:24) – meaning, killing and fornication.” As for Dawud, what do your people say about him? So, `Ali b. al-Jahm said: They say that Dawud was praying in his niche when Iblis came to him in the form of a bird that was more beautiful than any other bird. So, he cut his prayer short and went to take the bird. Then, the bird went to the room and he followed it. Then, the bird flew to the roof and he climbed in pursuit of it. Then, the bird landed on the house of Uriah b. Hannan, and Dawud followed the bird. Then, he came across the wife of Uriah bathing. When he looked to her, he desired her; and Uriah was away fighting in one of his battles. So, he wrote to his commander: “Put Uriah on the frontlines.” So, Uriah annihilated the pagans, and thus the matter became more complicated for Dawud. So, he wrote to him a second time, saying: “Put him before his coffin (send him so far ahead that he would surely die).” So, Uriah (rh) was killed, and Dawud married his wife. He said: So, al-Rida (as) hit himself on the forehead and said: To Allah we belong, and to Him we shall return. You have accused a prophet from the prophets of Allah of cutting his prayer short so that he may follow a bird, and of an obscenity, and of murder! So, he said: O son of the Messenger of Allah! Then what was his mistake? So, he said: Woe to you! Surely, when Dawud thought that Allah had not created a creature more knowledgeable than him, Allah sent two angels to his niche, saying: “We are two in a dispute: one of us has wronged the other. So, judge between us with truth, do not go beyond it, and guide us to the right path. This is my brother, and he has ninety-nine sheep while I only have one. Still, he asked me to give it up to him, overwhelming me with his argument.” (38:22-23). So, Dawud (as) ruled, “He has wronged you in demanding that your sheep be added to his sheep” (38:24) without asking the man to prove this, nor asking the defendant “what do you say?” So, this was a lapse in his judgment and not [to the extreme] that you have gone to. Have you not heard the saying of Allah, “O Dawud! Surely, We have made you a vicegerent on the Earth, so judge between the people in truth” (38:28) till the end of the verse? So, I said: O son of the Messenger of Allah! Then what was his story with Uriah? So, al-Rida (as) said: In the days of Dawud, if a woman’s husband died or was killed, she would not ever remarry. The first person whom Allah allowed to marry a woman after her husband was killed was Dawud (as). This was difficult on the people of Uriah. As for Muhammad, His Prophet (s), and the saying of Allah, “You hid in yourself that which Allah is to disclose. You fear the people when Allah has more of a right to be feared.” (33:37) – Allah had informed His Prophet (s) of the names of his wives in the abode of this world, the names of his wives in the abode of the Hereafter, and that they were the Mothers of the Believers. One was named Zaynab bt. Jahsh, who at the time was under Zayd b. Haritha. So, he (s) hid her name to himself and did not present it, lest one of the hypocrites say: “He has claimed that a woman in a man’s house is one of his wives and a Mother of the Believers.” So, he feared the saying of the hypocrites, and Allah said, “Allah has more of a right to be feared” (33:37) in yourself. Surely, Allah had not ordered the marriage of someone prior to that, except when Hawwa’ married Adam – then, His order for the Messenger of Allah (s) to marry Zaynab and `Ali (as) to marry Fatima (sa). He said: So, `Ali b. al-Jahm wept and said: O son of the Messenger of Allah! I repent to Allah for saying what I have said regarding the prophets of Allah. After this day, I will only speak regarding that which you have mentioned.

4 - حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم (رحمه الله)، قال: حدثنا أحمد بن محمد الهمداني، قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسن بن علي بن فضال، عن أبيه، عن أبي الحسن علي بن موسى الرضا، عن أبيه موسى بن جعفر، عن أبيه الصادق جعفر بن محمد، عن أبيه الباقر محمد بن علي، عن أبيه زين العابدين علي بن الحسين، عن أبيه سيد  الشهداء الحسين بن علي، عن أبيه سيد الوصيين أمير المؤمنين علي بن أبي طالب (عليهم السلام)، قال: إن رسول الله (صلى الله عليه وآله) خطبنا ذات يوم، فقال: أيها الناس، إنه قد أقبل إليكم شهر الله بالبركة والرحمة والمغفرة، شهر هو عند الله أفضل الشهور، وأيامه أفضل الايام، وليا له أفضل الليالي، وساعاته أفضل الساعات، هو شهر دعيتم فيه إلى ضيافة الله، وجعلتم فيه من أهل كرامة الله، أنفاسكم فيه تسبيح، ونومكم فيه عبادة، وعملكم فيه مقبول، ودعاؤكم فيه مستجاب، فاسألوا الله ربكم بنيات صادقة وقلوب طاهرة أن يوفقكم لصيامه وتلاوة كتابة، فإن الشقي من حرم غفران الله في هذا الشهر العظيم، واذكروا بجوعكم وعطشكم فيه جوع يوم القيامة وعطشه، وتصدقوا على فقرائكم ومساكينكم، ووقروا كباركم، وارحموا صغاركم، وصلوا أرحامكم، واحفظوا ألسنتكم، وغضوا عما لا يحل النظر إليه أبصاركم، وعما لا يحل الاستماع إليه أسماعكم، وتحننوا على أيتام الناس يتحنن على أيتامكم، وتوبوا إلى الله من ذنوبكم، وارفعوا إليه أيديكم بالدعاء في أوقات صلواتكم، فإنها أفضل الساعات، ينظر الله عزوجل فيها بالرحمة إلى عباده، يجيبهم إذا ناجوه، ويلبيهم إذا نادوه، ويعطيهم إذا سألوه، ويستجيب لهم إذا دعوه. أيها الناس، إن أنفسكم مرهونة بأعمالكم، ففكوها باستغفاركم، وظهوركم ثقيلة من أو زاركم، فخففوا عنها بطول سجودكم، واعلموا أن الله تعالى ذكره أقسم بعزته أن لا يعذب المصلين والساجدين، وأن لا يروعهم بالنار يوم يقوم الناس لرب العالمين. أيها الناس، من فطر منكم صائما مؤمنا في هذا الشهر، كان له بذلك عند الله عتق نسمة ومغفرة لما مضى من ذنوبه. فقيل: يا رسول الله، وليس كلنا يقدر على ذلك. فقال (صلى الله عليه وآله): اتقوا النار ولو بشق تمرة، اتقوا النار ولو بشربة من ماء. أيها الناس، من حسن منكم في هذا الشهر خلقه، كان له جواز على الصراط يوم تزل فيه الاقدام، ومن خفف في هذا الشهر عما ملكت يمينه خفف الله عليه حسابه، ومن كف فيه شره كف الله عنه غضبه يوم يلقاه، ومن أكرم فيه يتيما أكرمه الله يوم يلقاه، ومن وصل فيه رحمه وصله الله برحمته يوم يلقاه، ومن قطع فيه رحمه قطع الله  عنه رحمته يوم يلقاه، ومن تطوع فيه بصلاة كتب الله له براءة من النار، ومن أدى فيه فرضا كان له ثواب من أدى سبعين فريضة فيما سواه من الشهور، ومن أكثر فيه من الصلاة علي ثقل الله ميزانه يوم تخف الموازين، ومن تلا فيه آية من القرآن كان له مثل أجر من ختم القرآن في غيره من الشهور. أيها الناس، إن أبواب الجنان في هذا الشهر مفتحة، فاسألوا ربكم أن لا يغلقها عليكم، وأبواب النيران مغلقة، فاسألوا ربكم أن لا يفتحها عليكم، والشياطين مغلولة فاسألوا ربكم أن لا يسلطها عليكم. قال أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام): فقمت فقلت: يا رسول الله، ما أفضل الاعمال في هذا الشهر؟ فقال: يا أبا الحسن، أفضل الاعمال في هذا الشهر الورع عن محارم الله عزوجل، ثم بكى، فقلت: يا رسول الله، ما يبكيك؟ فقال: يا علي، أبكي لما يستحل منك في هذا الشهر، كأني بك وأنت تصلي لربك، وقد انبعث أشقى الاولين والآخرين، شقيق عاقر ناقة ثمود، فضربك ضربة على قرنك فخضب منها لحيتك. قال أمير المؤمنين (عليه السلام): فقلت: يا رسول الله، وذلك في سلامة من ديني؟ فقال: في سلامة من دينك. ثم قال (صلى الله عليه وآله): يا علي، من قتلك فقد قتلني، ومن أبغضك فقد أبغضني، ومن سبك فقد سبني، لانك مني كنفسي، روحك من روحي، وطينتك من طينتي، إن الله تبارك وتعالى خلقني وإياك، واصطفاني وإياك، فاختارني للنبوة، واختارك للامامة، فمن أنكر إمامتك فقد أنكر نبوتي. يا علي، أنت وصيي، وأبو ولدي، وزوج ابنتي، وخليفتي على امتي في حياتي وبعد مماتي، أمرك أمري، ونهيك نهيي، أقسم بالذي بعثني بالنبوة وجعلني خير البرية، إنك لحجة الله على خلقه، وأمينه على سره وخليفته على عباده (1).

محمد بن إبراهيم

أحمد بن محمد الهمداني

علي بن الحسن بن علي بن فضال

أبيه

أبي الحسن علي بن موسى الرضا عليه السلام

عن أبيه موسى بن جعفر ع عن أبيه الصادق جعفر بن محمد ع عن أبيه الباقر محمد بن علي ع عن أبيه زين العابدين علي بن الحسين ع عن أبيه سيد

الشهداء الحسين بن علي ع عن أبيه سيد الوصيين أمير المؤمنين علي بن أبي طالب ع قال إن

خطبنا

Muhammad b. Ibrahim (rh) narrated to us. He said: Ahmad b. Muhammad al-Hamadani narrated to us. He said: `Ali b. al-Hasan b. `Ali b. Faddal narrated to us from his father from Abi’l Hasan `Ali b. Musa al-Rida from his father Musa b. Ja`far from his father al-Sadiq Ja`far b. Muhammad from his father al-Baqir Muhammad b. `Ali from his father Zayn al-`Abidin `Ali b. al-Husayn from his father the Master of Martyrs al-Husayn b. `Ali from his father the Master of Deputies Amir al-Mu’minin `Ali b. Abi Talib (as). He said: The Messenger of Allah (s) delivered a sermon to us one day and said: O people! The month of Allah has come to you in blessing, mercy, and forgiveness. It is a month that is considered by Allah to be the best of months. Its days are the best of days, its nights are the best of nights, and its hours are the best of hours. It is a month in which you were invited to be the guests of Allah, thus you became the people of Allah’s benevolence. In it, your breath is glorification, your sleep is worship, your deeds are accepted, and your supplications are granted. So, ask Allah, your Lord, with honest intentions and pure hearts, to support you in your fasting therein and your recitation of His Book, for surely, the wretched is he who misses the forgiveness of Allah in this great month. Remember, in your hunger and your thirst therein, the hunger and thirst of the Day of Resurrection. Give charity to your poor and needy folk, respect your elders, be merciful to your young, connect with your relatives, guard your tongues, lower your gaze from that which you are prohibited from looking at, withhold from that which you are prohibited from listening to, show mercy to the orphans of the people and your orphans, and repent to Allah of your sins. Raise your hands to Him in supplication at the time of your prayers, for that is the best time – Allah looks to His servants with mercy therein, He answers them if they whisper to Him, He fulfills them if they call to Him, He grants to them if they ask Him, and He answers them if they supplicate to Him. O people! Whoever among you feeds a fasting believer in this month, it will be as though, in the sight of Allah, he freed a slave; and his past sins will be forgiven. So, it was said: O Messenger of Allah! Not all of us are capable of that. So, he (s) said: Fear the Fire, even with regards to half a date. Fear the Fire, even with regards to a drink of water. O people! Whoever beautifies his character in this month will be given a permit on the Path on the Day when feet will falter. Whoever eases the affairs of his slave in this month, Allah will ease his judgment. Whoever withholds his evil therein, Allah will withhold His anger against him on the Day he meets Him. Whoever is generous to an orphan therein, Allah will be generous to him on the Day he meets Him. Whoever connects with his relatives therein, Allah will connect him with His mercy on the Day he meets Him. Whoever cuts off his relatives therein, Allah will cut His mercy off from him on the Day he meets Him. Whoever offers voluntary prayers therein, Allah will record a dissociation from the Fire for him. Whoever offers an obligatory prayer therein, he will have the reward of one who offers seventy obligatory prayers in other months. Whoever increases in blessing me therein, Allah will make his scale weighty on the Day when scales are lightened. Whoever recites one verse of the Quran therein, he will have the reward of one who completes the Quran in other months. O people! Surely, the gates of Paradise are open in this month, so ask your Lord to not lock them for you. The gates of Hellfire are locked, so ask your Lord to not open them to you. The devils are bound, so ask your Lord to not unleash them for you. Amir al-Mu’minin (as) said: I stood and said: O son of the Messenger of Allah! What is the best of deeds in this month? So, he said: O Aba’l Hasan! The best of deeds in this month is piety with regards to what Allah has prohibited. Then, he wept, so I said: O Messenger of Allah! What has caused you to weep? So, he said: O `Ali! I weep over the trespassing that will occur against you during this month. It is as though I am with you and you are praying to your Lord, when the most wretched of the former and latter peoples – the brother of the one who slaughtered the she-camel of Thamud – strikes you upon the side of your head, from which your beard will be dyed.  Amir al-Mu’minin (as) said: So, I said: O Messenger of Allah! Will I be at peace with my religion? So, he said: You will be at peace with your religion. Then, he (s) said: O `Ali! Whoever kills you has killed me, whoever angers you has angered me, and whoever insults you has insulted me, because you are from me like my own self. Your spirit is from my spirit and your clay is from my clay. Surely, Allah created me and you, chose me and you, selected me for prophethood, and selected you for Imamate – so, whoever denies your Imamate has denied my prophethood. O `Ali! You are my deputy, the father of my descendants, the husband of my daughter, and my vicegerent over my Nation in my lifetime and after my death. Your order is my order, and your prohibition is my prohibition. I swear by Him who sent me with prophethood and made me the best of people, you are the Proof of Allah over His creation, His trustee over His secret, and His vicegerent over His servants.

Al-Amālī

Book 1, Chapter 20