Al-Kāfi

1ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ الرَّغْبَةُ أَنْ تَسْتَقْبِلَ بِبَطْنِ كَفَّيْكَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَالرَّهْبَةُ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ ظَهْرَ كَفَّيْكَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَقَوْلُهُ وَتَبَتَّلْ إِلَيْهِ تَبْتِيلاً قَالَ الدُّعَاءُ بِإِصْبَعٍ وَاحِدَةٍ تُشِيرُ بِهَا وَالتَّضَرُّعُ تُشِيرُ بِإِصْبَعَيْكَ وَتُحَرِّكُهُمَا وَالإبْتِهَالُ رَفْعُ الْيَدَيْنِ وَتَمُدُّهُمَا وَذَلِكَ عِنْدَ الدَّمْعَةِ ثُمَّ ادْعُ.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from Isma’Il ibn Mehran from Sayf ibn ‘Amirah from abu Ishaq from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “ Al-Raghbah means keeping the palms of your hands toward the sky. Al-Rahbah means keeping the back of your hands toward the sky. The words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, ‘glorify the name of your Lord, with due sincerity (al- Tabattul), ’ (73:8) ‘refers to hand gestures made in prayer with one finger. Al-Tadarru’ is pointing and gesturing with two fingers, ‘Ibtihal is raising both hands and stretching them up high when one’s eyes tear up. It then is the time you should pray.’”

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) عَنْ قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَمَا اسْتَكانُوا لِرَبِّهِمْ وَما يَتَضَرَّعُونَ فَقَالَ الإسْتِكَانَةُ هُوَ الْخُضُوعُ وَالتَّضَرُّعُ هُوَ رَفْعُ الْيَدَيْنِ وَالتَّضَرُّعُ بِهِمَا.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from abu Ayyub from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Once I asked abu Ja’far (a.s.) about the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, ‘. . . but they did not ‘Istakanu (submit themselves to their Lord,) nor did they make themselves humble ( yatadarra’un ).’ (23:76) The Imam said, ’’Al-Tstikana, means humility and al- tadarru’ means raising both hands and begging for help from (Allah) with both hands.’”

3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ وَالْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ عَنْ مَرْوَكٍ بَيَّاعِ اللُّؤْلُؤِ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ ذَكَرَ الرَّغْبَةَ وَأَبْرَزَ بَاطِنَ رَاحَتَيْهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَهَكَذَا الرَّهْبَةُ وَجَعَلَ ظَهْرَ كَفَّيْهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَهَكَذَا التَّضَرُّعُ وَحَرَّكَ أَصَابِعَهُ يَمِيناً وَشِمَالاً وَهَكَذَا التَّبَتُّلُ وَيَرْفَعُ أَصَابِعَهُ مَرَّةً وَيَضَعُهَا مَرَّةً وَهَكَذَا الإبْتِهَالُ وَمَدَّ يَدَهُ تِلْقَاءَ وَجْهِهِ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ وَلا يَبْتَهِلُ حَتَّى تَجْرِيَ الدَّمْعَةُ.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Muhammad ibn Khalid and al-Husayn ibn Sa’Id all from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Yahya al-Halabi from abu Khalid from Marwan Bayya’al-Lu’lu from those whom he has mentioned (in his book) who has said the following: “Once al-Raghbah (fondness) was mentioned before Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) and he raised his hands to the sky with his palms upward. He then turned the back of his hands upward to the sky and said, “This way is al-Rahbah (expressing anxiety). He moved his fingers right and left and said that such is al-Tadarru’ . He then raised his fingers and then lower them saying that such is al-Tabattul. He then stretched his hands in front of his face toward the Ka’bah saying that such is al-‘Ibtihal only when tears flow.’”

4ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنِ الْعَلاءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ مَرَّ بِي رَجُلٌ وَأَنَا أَدْعُو فِي صَلاتِي بِيَسَارِي فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الله بِيَمِينِكَ فَقُلْتُ يَا عَبْدَ الله إِنَّ لله تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى حَقّاً عَلَى هَذِهِ كَحَقِّهِ عَلَى هَذِهِ وَقَالَ الرَّغْبَةُ تَبْسُطُ يَدَيْكَ وَتُظْهِرُ بَاطِنَهُمَا وَالرَّهْبَةُ تَبْسُطُ يَدَيْكَ وَتُظْهِرُ ظَهْرَهُمَا وَالتَّضَرُّعُ تُحَرِّكُ السَّبَّابَةَ الْيُمْنَى يَمِيناً وَشِمَالاً وَالتَّبَتُّلُ تُحَرِّكُ السَّبَّابَةَ الْيُسْرَى تَرْفَعُهَا فِي السَّمَاءِ رِسْلاً وَتَضَعُهَا وَالإبْتِهَالُ تَبْسُطُ يَدَيْكَ وَذِرَاعَيْكَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَالإبْتِهَالُ حِينَ تَرَى أَسْبَابَ الْبُكَاءِ.

4. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from his father from Fadalah from al-‘Ala’ from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) saying, ‘Once a man passed by when I was praying in my prayer with my left hand raised. The man said, ‘O ‘Abd Allah, (servant of Allah) pray with your right hand raised.’ I then said, ‘O servant of Allah, Allah, the Most Blessed, the Most High’s rights apply to this hand just as they do to that hand. ’ ‘‘The Imam said, al-Raghbah is raising your hands with palms upward, al-Rahbah is stretching your hands with their backs upward, al-Tadarru’ is moving the index finger of your right hand right and left, al-Tabattul is moving the index finger of your left hand, raise it up and bring it down, al-‘Ibtihal is stretching your hands and arms to the sky and it is only when you see reasons for weeping.”

5ـ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الدُّعَاءِ وَرَفْعِ الْيَدَيْنِ فَقَالَ عَلَى أَرْبَعَةِ أَوْجُهٍ أَمَّا التَّعَوُّذُ فَتَسْتَقْبِلُ الْقِبْلَةَ بِبَاطِنِ كَفَّيْكَ وَأَمَّا الدُّعَاءُ فِي الرِّزْقِ فَتَبْسُطُ كَفَّيْكَ وَتُفْضِي بِبَاطِنِهِمَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَأَمَّا التَّبَتُّلُ فَإِيمَاءٌ بِإِصْبَعِكَ السَّبَّابَةِ وَأَمَّا الإبْتِهَالُ فَرَفْعُ يَدَيْكَ تُجَاوِزُ بِهِمَا رَأْسَكَ وَدُعَاءُ التَّضَرُّعِ أَنْ تُحَرِّكَ إِصْبَعَكَ السَّبَّابَةَ مِمَّا يَلِي وَجْهَكَ وَهُوَ دُعَاءُ الْخِيفَةِ.

5. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from his father and others from Harun ibn Kharijah from abu Basir who has said the following: “Once I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) about prayer and raising hands. The Imam said, ‘It is in four ways: in al-Ta’awwuz (seeking refuge) turn the palms of your hands toward the Ka’bah and in prayer for sustenance stretch your hands with their palms upward to the sky. Al- Tabattul is gesturing with index finger. Al-Tbtihal is to raise both hands over your head with prayer and imploration. Moving your index finger before your face is in prayer when one is fearful.’”

6ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) عَنْ قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَمَا اسْتَكانُوا لِرَبِّهِمْ وَما يَتَضَرَّعُونَ قَالَ الإسْتِكَانَةُ هِيَ الْخُضُوعُ وَالتَّضَرُّعُ رَفْعُ الْيَدَيْنِ وَالتَّضَرُّعُ بِهِمَا.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narratedfrom Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from abu Ayyub from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Once I asked abu Ja’far (a.s.) about the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, ‘. . . but they did not ‘Istakanu (submit themselves to their Lord,) nor did they make themselves humble ( yatadarra’unY (23:76) the Imam said, ‘al-Tstikana, means humility and al-tadarru’ means raising both hands and begging for help from (Allah) with both hands.’”

7ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَزُرَارَةَ قَالا قُلْنَا لأبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) كَيْفَ الْمَسْأَلَةُ إِلَى الله تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى قَالَ تَبْسُطُ كَفَّيْكَ قُلْنَا كَيْفَ الإسْتِعَاذَةُ قَالَ تُفْضِي بِكَفَّيْكَ وَالتَّبَتُّلُ الإيمَاءُ بِالإصْبَعِ وَالتَّضَرُّعُ تَحْرِيكُ الإصْبَعِ وَالإبْتِهَالُ أَنْ تَمُدَّ يَدَيْكَ جَمِيعاً.

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim and Zurara who have said the following: “Zurara has said, ‘Once we asked Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) how to plead before Allah for help?’ The Imam said, ‘Stretch your palms.’ We then asked, ‘How is seeking refuge?’ The Imam said, ‘Turn your palm to Ka’aba, and al-Tabattul is making gestures with your finger. Al-Tadarru ’ is the moving of fingers and al-‘Ibtihal is the stretching out of both hands.’”