178. About the Words of Allah, the Most High, Certain people worship Allah with deviance
Back to book1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ وَزُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) فِي قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَعْبُدُ الله عَلى حَرْفٍ فَإِنْ أَصابَهُ خَيْرٌ اطْمَأَنَّ بِهِ وَإِنْ أَصابَتْهُ فِتْنَةٌ انْقَلَبَ عَلى وَجْهِهِ خَسِرَ الدُّنْيا وَالآخِرَةَ قَالَ زُرَارَةُ سَأَلْتُ عَنْهَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) فَقَالَ هَؤُلاءِ قَوْمٌ عَبَدُوا الله وَخَلَعُوا عِبَادَةَ مَنْ يُعْبَدُ مِنْ دُونِ الله وَشَكُّوا فِي مُحَمَّدٍ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) وَمَا جَاءَ بِهِ فَتَكَلَّمُوا بِالإسْلامِ وَشَهِدُوا أَنْ لا إِلَهَ إِلا الله وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ الله وَأَقَرُّوا بِالْقُرْآنِ وَهُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ شَاكُّونَ فِي مُحَمَّدٍ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) وَمَا جَاءَ بِهِ وَلَيْسُوا شُكَّاكاً فِي الله قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَعْبُدُ الله عَلى حَرْفٍ يَعْنِي عَلَى شَكٍّ فِي مُحَمَّدٍ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) وَمَا جَاءَ بِهِ فَإِنْ أَصابَهُ خَيْرٌ يَعْنِي عَافِيَةً فِي نَفْسِهِ وَمَالِهِ وَوُلْدِهِ اطْمَأَنَّ بِهِ وَرَضِيَ بِهِ وَإِنْ أَصابَتْهُ فِتْنَةٌ يَعْنِي بَلاءً فِي جَسَدِهِ أَوْ مَالِهِ تَطَيَّرَ وَكَرِهَ الْمُقَامَ عَلَى الإقْرَارِ بِالنَّبِيِّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) فَرَجَعَ إِلَى الْوُقُوفِ وَالشَّكِّ فَنَصَبَ الْعَدَاوَةَ لله وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَالْجُحُودَ بِالنَّبِيِّ وَمَا جَاءَ بِهِ.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn ‘Udhaynah from al-Fudayl and Zurara who has said the following: “Once I (Zurara) asked abu Ja’far (a.s.) about the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, ‘Certain people worship Allah to achieve worldly gains. They are confident when they are prosperous, but when they face hardships they turn away from (worship). They are lost in this life and will be lost in the life to come. Such loss is indeed destructive.’ (22:11) “The Imam said, ‘These were people who worshipped Allah and gave up the worship of things worshipped besides Allah. They, however, had doubt in Muhammad (a.s.) and what he had brought from Allah. They spoke of Islam and testified that no one deserves to be worshipped except Allah, that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah and affirmed the Holy Quran. Despite this they would doubt Muhammad (a.s.) and what he had brought from Allah. They did not have doubt in Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy. ‘Certain people worship Allah with deviation,’ (22:11) refers to their doubt in Muhammad (a.s.) and what he had brought from Allah. ‘When they are prosperous,’ refers to well being in their health, properties and children. ‘He is confident’, he is happy, ‘When afflictions befall him,’ refers to misfortune in his body or property that he considers as an unfortunate omen and dislikes keeping up with his testimony about the truthfulness of the Holy Prophet; thus, he returns to hesitation and doubt. He becomes hostile toward Allah and the Messenger of Allah, rejects the Holy Prophet and whatever he has brought from Allah.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: حسن كالصحيح - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (11/228)
2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَعْبُدُ الله عَلى حَرْفٍ قَالَ هُمْ قَوْمٌ وَحَّدُوا الله وَخَلَعُوا عِبَادَةَ مَنْ يُعْبَدُ مِنْ دُونِ الله فَخَرَجُوا مِنَ الشِّرْكِ وَلَمْ يَعْرِفُوا أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) رَسُولُ الله فَهُمْ يَعْبُدُونَ الله عَلَى شَكٍّ فِي مُحَمَّدٍ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) وَمَا جَاءَ بِهِ فَأَتَوْا رَسُولَ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) وَقَالُوا نَنْظُرُ فَإِنْ كَثُرَتْ أَمْوَالُنَا وَعُوفِينَا فِي أَنْفُسِنَا وَأَوْلادِنَا عَلِمْنَا أَنَّهُ صَادِقٌ وَأَنَّهُ رَسُولُ الله وَإِنْ كَانَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ نَظَرْنَا قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَإِنْ أَصابَهُ خَيْرٌ اطْمَأَنَّ بِهِ يَعْنِي عَافِيَةً فِي الدُّنْيَا وَإِنْ أَصابَتْهُ فِتْنَةٌ يَعْنِي بَلاءً فِي نَفْسِهِ وَمَالِهِ انْقَلَبَ عَلى وَجْهِهِ انْقَلَبَ عَلَى شَكِّهِ إِلَى الشِّرْكِ خَسِرَ الدُّنْيا وَالآخِرَةَ ذلِكَ هُوَ الْخُسْرانُ الْمُبِينُ يَدْعُوا مِنْ دُونِ الله ما لا يَضُرُّهُ وَما لا يَنْفَعُهُ قَالَ يَنْقَلِبُ مُشْرِكاً يَدْعُو غَيْرَ الله وَيَعْبُدُ غَيْرَهُ فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَعْرِفُ وَيَدْخُلُ الإيمَانُ قَلْبَهُ فَيُؤْمِنُ وَيُصَدِّقُ وَيَزُولُ عَنْ مَنْزِلَتِهِ مِنَ الشَّكِّ إِلَى الإيمَانِ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَثْبُتُ عَلَى شَكِّهِ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَنْقَلِبُ إِلَى الشِّرْكِ. عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ مِثْلَهُ.
2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Musa ibn Bakr from Zurara who has said the following: “Once I asked abu Ja’far (a.s.) about the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, ‘Certain people worship Allah for worldly gains.’ (22:11) The Imam said, ‘They were a people who accepted Allah only, gave up the worship of things worshipped besides Allah; thus they came out of paganism and did not know that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. Therefore they worshipped Allah with doubts in Muhammad and what he had brought from Allah. They would come to the Messenger of Allah and say (to each other), ‘We will see if our properties increase, we and our children enjoy good health then we will believe that he is the Messenger of Allah; otherwise, we will think.’ “Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, ‘When they receive good things they enjoy confidence in it, . . .’ [worldly well being], ‘ . . . when they suffer hardships . . .’ [misfortune in his life and property], ‘ ... he turns backwards,’ [in doubt to paganism, thus] ‘. . . they suffer loses in this world and in the next life, an obvious loss. They call for help from things other than Allah that do not harm or benefit them.’ (22:12) The Imam said, ‘He turns to paganism and calls for help from things other than Allah and worships things besides Allah. There are those of them who learn true knowledge and belief enters their heart. They become believers. They acknowledge the truth and move from their doubtful position to belief. There are those of them who remain in doubt and still others of them return to paganism.’” Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from a man from Zurara a similar Hadith.