2. The four of ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) virtues
Back to book2 - قال: أخبرني أبو الحسن علي بن خالد المراغي قال: حدثنا أبو القاسم الحسن بن علي الكوفي قال: حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن مروان الغزال قال: حدثنا أبي قال: حدثنا عبيد بن خنيس العبدي قال: حدثنا صباح بن يحيى المزني عن عبد الله بن شريك، عن الحارث بن ثعلبة قال: قدم رجلان يريدان مكة والمدينة في الهلال أو قبل الهلال، فوجد الناس ناهضين إلى الحج. قال: [قالا:] فخرجنا معهم فإذا نحن بركب فيهم رجل كأنه أميرهم، فانتبذ منهم فقال: كونا عراقيين، قلنا: نحن عراقيان، قال: كونا كوفيين، قلنا: نحن كوفيان، قال: ممن أنتما؟ قلنا: من بني كنانة، قال: من أي بني كنانة؟ قلنا: من بني مالك بن كنانة، قال: رحب على رحب وقرب على قرب ، أنشدكما بكل كتاب منزل ونبي مرسل أسمعتما علي بن أبي طالب يسبني أو يقول: إنه معادي ومقاتلي؟ قلنا: من أنت؟ قال: أنا سعد بن أبي وقاص، قلنا: لا، ولكن سمعناه يقول: " اتقوا فتنة الأخينس " . قال: الخنيس كثير ولكن سمعتماه يضني باسمي؟ قالا: [قلنا] لا، قال: الله أكبر، الله أكبر، قد ضللت إذن، وما أنا من المهتدين إن أنا قاتلته بعد أربع سمعتهن من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فيه، لأن تكون لي واحدة منهن أحب إلي من الدنيا وما فيها أعمر فيها عمر نوح. قلنا: سمهن [لنا]، قال: ما ذكرتهن إلا وأنا أريد أن أسميهن: بعث رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم أبا بكر ببراءة لينبذ إلى المشركين، فلما سار ليله أو بعض ليله بعث بعلي بن أبي طالب نحوه فقال: اقبض ببراءة منه واردده إلي. فمضى إليه أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام فقبض براءة منه ورده إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم، فلما مثل بين يديه عليه السلام بكى ، وقال: يا رسول الله أحدث في شئ أم نزل في قرآن؟ فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم: " لم ينزل فيك قرآن [و] لكن جبرئيل عليه السلام جاءني عن الله عز وجل فقال: لا يؤدي عنك إلا أنت أو رجل منك، وعلي مني وأنا من علي، ولا يؤدي عني إلا علي " . قلنا له: وما الثانية؟ قال: كنا في مسجد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وآل علي وآل أبي بكر وآل عمر وأعمامه، قال: فنودي فينا ليلا اخرجوا من المسجد إلا آل رسول الله وآل علي، قال: فخرجنا نجر قلاعنا ، فلما أصبحنا أتاه عمه حمزة فقال: يا رسول الله أخرجتنا وأسكنت هذا الغلام، ونحن عمومتك ومشيخة أهلك؟! فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم: " ما أنا أخرجتكم، ولا أنا أسكنته ولكن الله عز وجل أمرني بذلك ". قلنا له: فما الثالثة؟ قال: بعث رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم برايته إلى خيبر مع أبي بكر فردها، فبعث بها مع عمر فردها، فغضب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم وقال: " لأعطين الراية غدا رجلا يحبه الله ورسوله، ويحب الله ورسوله، كرارا غير فرار ، لا يرجع حتى يفتح الله على يديه ". قال: فلما أصبحنا جثونا على الركب فلم نره يدعو أحدا منا، ثم نادي أين علي بن أبي طالب؟ فجئ به وهو أرمد . فتفل في عينه، وأعطاه الراية ففتح الله على يد [ي] ه. قلنا: فما الرابعة؟ قال: إن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم خرج غازيا إلى تبوك واستخلف عليا على الناس فحسدته قريش، وقالوا: إنما خلفه لكراهية صحبته قال: فانطلق في أثره حتى لحقه فأخذ بغرز ناقته ، ثم قال: إني لتابعك، قال: ما شأنك؟ فبكى وقال: إن قريشا تزعم أنك إنما خلفتني لبغضك لي وكراهيتك صحبتي . قال: فأمر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم مناديه فنادى في الناس، ثم قال: أيها الناس أفيكم أحد إلا وله من أهله خاصة؟ قالوا: أجل، قال: فإن علي بن أبي طالب خاصة أهلي وحبيبي إلى قلبي. ثم أقبل على أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام فقال له: أما ترضى أن تكون مني بمنزلة هارون من موسى إلا أنه لا نبي بعدي ؟! فقال علي عليه السلام: رضيت عن الله ورسوله. ثم قال سعد: هذه أربعة، وإن شئتما حدثتكما بخامسة. قلنا: قد شئنا ذلك. قال: كنا مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم في حجة الوداع، فلما عاد نزل غدير خم، وأمر مناديه فنادى في الناس: " من كنت مولاه فهذا علي مولاه، اللهم وال من والاه، وعاد من عاداه، وانصر من نصره، واخذل من خذله ".
2. He said: Abul Hasan ‘Ali ibn Khalid al-Maraghi reported to me from Abul Qasim al-Hasan ibn ‘Ali al-Kufi, who reported from Ja’far ibn Muhammad ibn Marwan al-Ghazzal, who reported from his father, who reported from Ubaid ibn Khunais al-Abdi, who reported from Sabbah ibn Yahya al-Muzni, from Abdullah ibn Sharik, from al-Harith ibn Tha’labah who said: Two men left for Makkah and Medina in or before the month, and came upon a group leaving for Haj. They said: We joined them, and as we rode forward, we came across a man who seemed to be their leader. He pulled himself aside from the group, and came to us asking: "You are from Iraq?" We said: "Yes, we are Iraqis." He said: "You may be from Kufa?" We said: "Yes, we are from Kufa." He asked: "To which clan do you belong?" We said: "We are from Banu Kananah." He asked: "Which family of Banu Kananah?" We said: "We are from the descendants of Malik ibn Kananah." He said: "Most welcome, most welcome. I beseech you in the name of the Holy Revelation and the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny), did you ever hear ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) abusing me, or saying that he was my enemy or that he would fight me?" We said: "No, but we have heard him say: Be on your guard against the deviations of the pug-nosed." He said: "There are many who are pug-nosed, but did you hear him grudging against me by name?" We said: "No.". (Upon hearing this), he said: "Allah is Great. Allah is Great. I should have gone astray, and would not be among the rightly guided, if I fight or be his adversary, (especially) after the four virtues I learned from the messenger of Allah, peace be upon him and his progeny, regarding him {i.e. ‘Ali (as)}. For if I had only one of those four, I would have valued it more than the whole world and whichever is in it, spending in it the life span of Noah." We said: "Mention them to us." He said: "I did not recall this but for the purpose of mentioning them. The Prophet, peace be upon him and his progeny, sent Abu Bakr with the verses of al-Bar’aah (Surah al-Tawbah) to declare them to the infidels (of Makkah), but when he had travelled for a night or a part of it, the Prophet sent ‘Ali to Abu Bakr saying: "Take charge of the declaration from him, and send him back to me." So Amirul Mu’mineen, peace be upon him, proceeded, and having taken the charge from Abu Bakr, asked him to return to the Prophet. When he arrived before the Prophet, he (i.e. Abu Bakr) wept and said: "O messenger of Allah! Has anything (untoward) happened about me, or has any Qur’anic revelation occurred about me?" Then the Prophet, peace be upon him and his progeny, said: "No Qur’anic revelation has come to me about you, but Jibraeel, peace be upon him, descended upon me with the divine command, saying: ’No one can discharge this responsibility except yourself or someone of yourself.’ And ‘Ali is of me and I am of him, so no one will purvey on my behalf but ‘Ali." We asked: "And what is the second one?" He said: We lived in the mosque of the Prophet, peace be upon him and his progeny, together with the family of ‘Ali. The family of Abu Bakr, the family of Umar and his uncles. Then one night, it was announced to us: "With the exception of the Prophet’s family and the family of ‘Ali, all others must withdraw and quit. So we vacated dragging our bag and baggage. In the morning, his uncle, Hamzah, came to him and said: "O messenger of Allah, you evicted us and allowed this young boy to remain? We are your uncles and the elders of your family." Then the Prophet said: "I did not ask you to leave, nor did I allow him (i.e. ‘Ali) to stay. It was by the command of Allah, Most High." We said: "And what is the third?" He said: The Prophet, peace be upon him and his progeny, appointed Abu Bakr as a standard bearer and sent him to the fort of Khaybar. He brought it back. Then he appointed Umar, who also brought it back (without success). The Prophet, peace be upon him and his progeny, was deeply disturbed, so he said: "Tomorrow, I shall indeed give the standard to a man who Allah and His Prophet love, and he (too) loves Allah and His Prophet. He will be the steadfast one, never running away. He will not return till Allah blesses (us) with victory upon his hands." When the next day dawned, we raised ourselves on our knees and toes, but did not find him calling anyone from among us. He then announced: "Where is ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib?" ‘Ali was brought to him, suffering from sore-eye. He put his saliva into his eyes, gave him the standard. And Allah blessed (us) with the victory at his hands." We aid: "And what is the fourth one?" He said: The Prophet, peace be upon him and his progeny, left for the battle of Tabuk, leaving behind ‘Ali in his place. The Quraishites became jealous of him (i.e. ‘Ali) and said: "The Prophet has left him behind because he does not like his company." (When ‘Ali heard this), he followed the Prophet and upon arrival, placed his hand on the stirrup of the Prophet’s camel, saying: "Surely, I will follow you." The Prophet said: "What has happened to you?" He wept and said: "The Quraishites believe that you left me behind because you hate me, and do not prefer my company." The Prophet ordered an announcement for people to assemble and then (addressing them) said: "O people, Is there anyone among you who does not have the closest and most distinctly notable among his relatives." They said: "Yes, we do have." Then he said: "Surely, ‘Ali, son of Abu Talib, is the closest to me among my relatives, and is most beloved to my heart." Then he came to ‘Ali (as) and said: "Does it not please you to be to me what Haroon was to Musa; except that there is no prophet after me?" ‘Ali said: "My pleasure is with Allah and His Prophet." Then Sa’d said: "These are the four virtues, and if you feel inclined, I may relate to you the fifth one!" We said: "We would like to know it." He said: "We were with the Prophet, peace be upon him and his progeny, in the farewell pilgrimage. When returning (from Haj) he dismounted at Ghadeer Khumm, and ordered an announcement for all to assemble. Then he proclaimed: "O people, of whoever I am the master, this ‘Ali also is his master. O Allah, befriend one who befriends him, and hate one who hates him. Help one who helps him, and forsake one who forsakes him."