Traditions about Ar-Ridha (a.s.)

On Ar-Ridha’s Words on the Reasons for Various Things

On What Ar-Ridha (a.s.) Wrote Regarding the Reasons (Behind the Decrees) in Response to Questions by Muhammad ibn Sinan

The Reasons Cited by Al-Fadhl ibn Shadhan

On What Ar-Ridha (a.s.) Wrote for Al-Ma’mun Regarding Pure Islam and the Religious Decrees

On Ar-Ridha’s Entry to Neishaboor and Where He Resided

On What Ar-Ridha (a.s.) said Upon Leaving Marba’at Neishaboor to See Al-Ma’mun

A Rare Tradition From Ar-Ridha (a.s.)

On the Departure of Ar-Ridha (a.s.) from Neishaboor Towards Toos and Marv

On The Reasons why Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (a.s.) accepted the succession to the throne from Al-Ma’mun, what Went On, those who were displeased and those who were pleased

On Ar-Ridha (a.s.) Praying for Rain On the Request of Al-Ma’mun, Display of the Honorable the Exalted God’s Power by Fulfilling His Request and the Destruction of Those who Denied This

On the Plans of Al-Ma’mun for Fending off the People From the Meetings of Ar-Ridha (a.s.), Belittling him, and on the Cursing of Al-Ma’mun

On Poems About Patience and Silence in Front of the Ignorant, and Not Treating Friends With Reproach, and Attracting the Enemy So That He Becomes Friends and on Hiding Secrets

On Ar-Ridha’s Noble Characteristics and His Worshipping

His Debates With the Opponents Regarding Divine Leadership and Ali’s Nobility

On What has been Narrated by Ar-Ridha (a.s.) Regarding the Proofs for the Divine Leaders (a.s.), and the Rejection of the Exaggerators (Ghulat) and Those who Believe in God Turning Over the Affairs (Mufawidha) - May God Curse Them

On Indications of the Divine Leadership of Ar-Ridha (a.s.)

On the Proof of Ar-Ridha’s Rightfulness Due to the Acceptance of His Prayers by God the Honorable the Exalted Against Bakkar ibn Abdullah ibn Mos’ab ibn az-Zobayr ibn Bakkar Who Had Oppressed Him

On Proof of Ar-Ridha’s Rightfulness Due to Predicting that He (a.s.) Would not See Baghdad, And Neither Would Baghdad See Him (a.s.)

On Proof of Ar-Ridha’s Rightfulness Due to the Acceptance by God the Honorable the Exalted of his prayers for the Barmakites

On the Proof of His Rightfulness Due to Ar-Ridha’s (a.s.) Prediction that He Will be Buried Next to Harun

On Traditions Related to Ar-Ridha’s (a.s.) Being Martyred With Poison and Being Buried Next to Harun Al-Rashid

On Ar-Ridha’s Insight and His Recognition of the Faithful Believers and the Hypocrites

On Ar-Ridha’s Knowledge of All the Languages

On the Proof of Ar-Ridha’s Rightfulness Due to His Replying to Al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Vosha’s Questions Before he could ask them

On Ar-Ridha’s Answer to Abi Qorrah - a friend of the Catholic Archbishop

On What Ar-Ridha (a.s.) said on the Subject of Divine Leadership to Yahya ibn ad-Dhahhak al-Samarqandi in the Presence of Al-Ma’mun

On What Ar-Ridha (a.s.) told his Brother Zayd ibn Musa When Zayd was Being Haughty in Al-Ma’mun’s Presence and What Ar-Ridha’ (a.s.) said About Mistreating the Shiites

On Reasons for Which Al-Ma’mun Martyred Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (a.s.) with Poison

On Ar-Ridha’s Appointment of his son Muhammad ibn Ali (a.s.) as the Imam and his Successor

On The Martyrdom of Ar-Ridha (a.s.) Due to Being Murdered by Al-Ma’mun With Poison

Another Tradition From the Shiites on the Death of Ar-Ridha (a.s.)

On What Abu Salt Al-Harawi Has Narrated About Ar-Ridha Being Martyred With Poisoned Grapes

On What (Abu Habib) Harthama ibn A’yan Narrated About the Martyrdom of Ar-Ridha by Being Poisoned With Pomegranates and Grapes

On An Elegy Recited About Ar-Ridha (a.s.)

On the Reward of Visiting the Shrine of Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (a.s.)

On the Reward of Visiting the shrine of Fatima - the Daughter of Imam Musa ibn Ja’far (a.s.) in Qum

On Visiting Ar-Ridha (a.s.) in Toos

On What Has Become Apparent For The People Of Our Time From The Blessings And Signs Of This Place Of Martyrdom, And The Fulfillment Of Prayers There

68-1 My master - Muhammad ibn Al-Hassan - may God have mercy upon him - narrated in the book Jami’a:Whenever you intend to visit (Imam) Ar-Ridha’ (a.s.) in Toos, then perform the ritual bath (Ghusl) before you leave your house (hometown) and say the following while you are performing the ritual bath:“O God! Please cleanse me, and cleanse my heart! (Please) ‘expand my breast’, and let Thy praise and eulogy flow out from my tongue, since indeed there is no power but in Thee. O God! Please establish it as a means of cleansing and treatment for me.”Say the following as you leave your house:“In the Name of God the Beneficent, the Merciful. In the name of God, and by God, I turn to God and towards the son of God’s Prophet (Ar-Ridha’ (a.s.)): God suffices me, and I rely on God. O God! I have set out to Thee. And I have decided (to get) what is near Thee.”When you go out, stop at the door of your house and say:“O God! I have turned my face towards Thee. And I have left behind my family, wealth and whatever Thee have granted me. I have trusted Thee. Then (please) do not turn me into a loser, O the One who would not make a loser anyone whom Thee wish, and will not ruin whatever he possesses. Blessings be upon Muhammad and Muhammad’s Household (a.s.). And (please) guard me under Thy Custody, since nothing that Thee guard gets ruined.”Then whenever you want to go to visit, perform the ritual bathing and while you are bathing say:“O God! Please cleanse me, and cleanse my heart! (Please) ‘expand my breast’, and let Thy praise, love and eulogy flow out of my tongue since indeed there is no power but in Thee. I have indeed realized that the strength of my religion depends upon my submission to Thy Decrees, and the obeying of Thy Prophet’s traditions, and bearing witness (to this) for all Thy creatures. O God! Please establish it as a means of healing for me, and as a light, since Thee are capable of all things.”Then put on your cleanest clothes.Walk in bare feet, with calmness, dignity, exaltation, acclamation and glorification (of God). Take short steps and while you are entering (the Holy shrine) say:“In the Name of God the Beneficent, the Merciful. In the name of God (I begin), in God (I trust), and the religion of God’s Prophet (I follow). God’s Blessings be upon him and his Household. I bear witness that there is no god but God. He is One and He has no partners. And I bear witness that Muhammad (a.s.) is His Servant and His Messenger. And I bear witness that (Imam) Ali (a.s.) is God’s friend.”Then walk until you stop at his tomb. Then face him by turning your back to the Qibla and say:“I bear witness that there is no god but God, the One; and there are no partners for Him. I bear witness that Muhammad (a.s.) is His Servant and His Messenger. Verily, he is the Master of all those of old and those of later times. Verily, he is the Master of the Prophets and the Messengers. O God! God’s Blessings be upon Muhammad (a.s.) - Thy Servant, Thy Messenger, Thy Prophet and the Master of all Thy creatures - blessings that no one but Thee can measure. O God! God’s Blessings be upon the Commander of the Faithful - (Imam) Ali ibn Abi Talib (a.s.) - Thy servant, the brother of Thy Messenger, whom Thou chose by Thy Knowledge, whom Thou established as a guide (to show the Right Path) to those of Thy creatures, and as evidence for those whom Thou appointed to (deliver) Thy Message. And he (Imam Ali) (a.s.) managed the affairs of the religion according to Thy (a.s.ystem of) justice, and applied Thy judgements (to settle the issues which cropped up) among the people - whom Thee predominated thereon. And also God’s Mercy and Blessings be upon him. O God! (Please) send blessings upon (the Blessed Lady) Fatima (a.s.), the daughter of Thy Prophet, the wife of Thy friend (Imam Ali (a.s.)), the mother of the (prophet’s) two grandsons, (Imam) Al-Hassan (a.s.) and (Imam) Al-Husayn (a.s.), the Masters of Youth in Heaven. She is innocent, immaculate, purified, pious, pure, content, sinless - the Master of all the Women of Heaven - blessings which no one but Thee can measure. O God! (Please) send blessings be upon (Imam) Al-Hassan (a.s.) and (Imam) Al-Husayn (a.s.); the two grandsons of Thy Prophet, the Masters of Youth in Heaven; Thy two established authorities among Thy creatures: And they are established as two Proofs for those whom Thou appointed to (deliver) Thy Message. And they are the two who managed the affairs of the religion according to Thy (a.s.ystem of) justice, and applied Thy judgements (to settle the issues which cropped up) among Thy creatures. O God! (Please) send blessings upon (Imam As-Sajjad) Ali ibn Al-Husayn (a.s.), Thy servant, Thy established authority among Thy creatures and as evidence for those whom Thee appointed to (deliver) Thy Message. And they managed the affairs of the religion according to Thy (a.s.ystem of) justice, and applied Thy judgements (to settle the issues which cropped up) among Thy creatures. He is the Master of the Worshippers.O God! (Please) send blessings upon (Imam Al-Baqir) Muhammad bin Ali (a.s.) - Thy servant; Thy representative on Earth; and the analyzer of the Knowledge of the Prophets. O God! (Please) send blessings upon (Imam As-Sadiq) Ja’far ibn Muhammad (a.s.) - Thy servant; the defender of Thy religion; and Thy proof for all Thy creatures. He is the truthful, and the righteous. O God! (Please) send blessings upon (Imam Al-Kadhim) Musa ibn Ja’far (a.s.) - Thy devoted servant; Thy tongue for Thy creatures speaking by Thy authority, and the Proof for all Thy creatures. O God! (Please) send blessings upon (Imam Ar-Ridha’) Ali ibn Musa (a.s.) - the absolute model of contentment - Thy devoted servant; the defender of Thy religion; Thy established authority of Thy justice; the caller to Thy religion and the religion of his truthful forefathers - blessings that no one but Thee can measure. O God! (Please) send blessings upon (Imam Al-Jawad) Muhammad ibn Ali (a.s.) - Thy servant; Thy established defender by Thy decree; the caller to Thy path. O God! (Please) send blessings upon (Imam Al-Naqi) Ali ibn Muhammad (a.s.) - Thy servant; Thy Established Authority defending Thy Decree; and the caller to Thy path. O God! (Please) send blessings upon (Imam At-Taqi) Al-Hassan ibn Ali (a.s.) - the agent acting upon Thy Decrees; the established authority over Thy creatures; Thy Proof acting on behalf of Thy Prophet; Thy witness for Thy creatures; the exclusive (receiver) of Thy Munificence. He is the caller to Thy obedience and obedience to Thy Prophet. May Thou send blessings upon them all. O God! (Please) send blessings upon (Imam Al-Mahdi (a.s.)) Thy Proof; Thy Established Authority over Thy creatures: Blessings so perfect, developed and lasting by which Thee may expedite his arrival and make him victorious. And make us accompany him in this world and the Hereafter. O God! I seek Thy Nearness through my love for them. I am friends with their friends and oppose their enemies. Therefore, grant me the good of this world and the Hereafter on account of them. And on their account, fend off the evils of this world and the Hereafter from me, and the dreadful fright on the Judgement Day.”Then sit near the position of his (Ar-Ridha’’s (a.s.)) head and say: “O the friend of God! Peace be upon you! O the proof of God! Peace be upon you! O the light of God in the darkness of the Earth! Peace be upon you! O the pillar of the religion! Peace be upon you! O the inheritor of Adam - chosen by God! Peace be upon you! O the inheritor of Noah - the Prophet of God!Peace be upon you! O the inheritor of Abraham - the friend of God! Peace be upon you! O the inheritor of Ishmael - the offering to God! Peace be upon you! O the inheritor of Moses - the interlocutor of God! Peace be upon you! O the inheritor of Jesus - the spirit of God! Peace be upon you! O the inheritor of Muhammad - the Prophet of God! Peace be upon you! O the inheritor of the Commander of the Faithful - Ali - the friend of God and the Testamentary Trustee of the Messenger of the Lord of the Two Worlds! Peace be upon you! O the inheritor of (the Blessed Lady) Fatima az-Zahra! Peace be upon you! O the inheritor of Al-Hassan and Al-Husayn - the Masters of Youth in Paradise! Peace be upon you! O the inheritor of Ali ibn Al-Husayn - the adornment of the worshippers! Peace be upon you! O the inheritor of Muhammad ibn Ali - the analyzer versed in the knowledge of those of old and those of later times! Peace be upon you! O the inheritor of Ja’far ibn Muhammad As-Sadiq - the virtuous! Peace be upon you! O the inheritor of Musa ibn Ja’far! Peace be upon you! O the truthful martyr! Peace be upon you! O the virtuous and pious Trustee! Peace be upon you! I bear witness that it was indeed you who established prayers, paid the alms-tax, commanded mankind to do right, admonished mankind against doing wrong and sincerely served God until what is sure to come happened to you. O Abal Hassan! Peace be upon you! And may God’s Grace and His Blessings be upon you.For He is indeed worthy of all praise, full of all glory! May God’s Curse be upon the people who murdered you! May God’s Curse be upon the people who oppressed you! May God’s Curse be upon the people who established the foundations of oppression, tyranny and innovation against you the Members of the Holy Household (of the Prophet (S))!”Then you should touch the tomb and say:“O God! I set out towards Thee from my homeland, and have passed through many towns with the hope of receiving Thy Mercy. Please do not disappoint me, and do not send me back without having my needs fulfilled. Have mercy upon my turning towards the tomb of the son of Thy Messenger’s brother (Imam Ali (a.s.)). May Thy Blessings be upon him and his Household. O my Master! May my parents be your ransom! I have come to visit you and I have arrived. I seek refuge in you from whatever crimes I have committed against myself: the burden of which I carry on my back.Then (please) intercede with God on my behalf on the Day of my poverty and destitution, as you enjoy an especial praiseworthy position in the Presence of God. He considers you to be an eminent man.”Then you should raise your right hand up, extend your left hand towards the tomb and say:“O God! I seek Thy Nearness through my love and friendship for them. I love the last one of them as much as I love the first one, and avoid any intimate friendship with anyone but them. My God! (Please) curse those who altered Thy Blessings, accused Thy Prophet, denied Thy verses, mocked Thy appointed Divine Leader, and placed the burden of the people upon the shoulders of the Members of the Holy Household of Muhammad (a.s.). O God! I seek Thy Nearness by cursing them (your enemies), and by staying away from them in this world and in the Hereafter, O the Beneficent!”Then you should turn towards the position of his feet and say:“O Abal Hassan Ar-Ridha’ (a.s.)! May God’s Blessings be upon you! O Abal Hassan! May God’s Blessings be upon your spirit and your body! You are truthful - a confirmed truthfulness. You persevered. You were rightful and your rightfulness has been confirmed. May God curse whoever martyred you with his hands and by his tongue.Then supplicate God to help you and curse the murderer of the Commander of the Faithful Ali (a.s.), the murderer of Al-Hassan (a.s.), Al-Husayn (a.s.) and all those who murdered Members of the Holy Household of God’s Messenger (a.s.).”Then you should turn towards the position of his head from behind his back and say two units of prayers. Recite the Chapters ‘Al-Fatihah and ‘Ya-Sin in the first unit, and recite the Chapters ‘Al-Fatiha and ‘Al-Rahman in the second unit. However, if you have not memorized them, recite the Chapter ‘Al-Ikhlas in both units. And pray for the believing men and women, and especially pray for your parents. Also make an effort to recite supplications, cry and pray a lot for yourself, your parents and all your brethren. And stay near the position of his head as much as you wish. And you must say your prayers by the tomb.Then when you decide to depart, recite the following:O Master! O the son of my Master! Peace be upon you! And may God’s Grace and His Blessings be upon you. You are the armour against the Punishment for us. And now it is time for me to leave you, if you permit me. I am neither willing to depart from you, nor to choose anyone else and substitute him for you. And I do not abstain from being near you. Indeed, I made an effort for what came to pass. Indeed I left my family, children and hometown. Then intercede on my behalf on the Day of my need, poverty and destitution: The Day when both my friends and are of no avail; the Day when neither my father nor my mother can avail me anything at all. I ask God - who destined for me to go on pilgrimage to you - to remove my sorrow by you. And I ask God -who destined it for me to depart from your place - to not let this be the last time I make pilgrimage to your tombs, visit your shrine. And I ask God to return me to you. I ask God to make me cry over you so that He may establish it as a means for my salvation and as a savings for the Hereafter. And I ask God to show me your place, guide me towards submission to you, and visit you until I come to you at your Pool (‘Kawthar). I ask God to grant me your companionship in Heaven.“O the one chosen by God! Peace be upon you. Peace be upon the Commander of the Faithful Ali (a.s.), and the Testamentary Trustee of the Messenger of the Lord of the Two Worlds, and the Leader of the lustrous ones. Peace be upon Al-Hassan (a.s.) and Al-Husayn (a.s.) - the Masters of Youth in Heaven. Peace be upon all the Immaculate Imams (a.s.).” And you should call out to them by name one by one - may God bless them all and may God’s Grace and His Blessings be upon you. Peace be upon God’s angels that are encircling (the shrine)! Peace be upon God’s angels that are residing (at the shrine) and singing glory - those that act according to His orders! Peace be upon us and upon the servants of God in the ranks of the righteous.O my God! Please do not let this be the last time I visit him (Imam Ar-Ridha’). Imam Ar-Ridha’ (a.s.) deserves more than that. Then please resurrect me with him, and with my forefathers (his forefathers) - those of the past. And my Lord, if you keep me alive then please bestow upon me to go on his pilgrimage to him for as long as I live. Verily, Thou hast power over all things.And say, “I entrust you with God, and I leave you with God, and I pray Him to send Peace upon you. We believe in God, and in what calls us out to Him. O God! Please ‘then write us down amongst those who bear witness.’ O God! (Please) bless me with their love and cordiality for as long as I exist. O son of the Prophet! May peace be upon God’s angels, and upon the visitors to your shrine! May peace be upon me for as long as I exist, and may it last even when I perish. May peace be upon us and upon God’s servants in the ranks of the righteous.”And when you leave and are outside the area from which the dome can be seen, do not turn your face away from it until it goes out of your sight - God willing.This section about the on pilgrimage prayers on the authority of Imam Ar-Ridha’ (a.s.) that can be said when visiting any of the Divine Leaders (a.s.).

2- حَدَّثَنا مُحَمَّد بن الحَسَن بن أَحمَد بن الوليد رَضِىَ اللهُعَنْهُ قالَ حَدَّثَنا مُحَمَّد بن الحَسَن الصفار عَن عَلِيٍّ بن حسان قالَ سُئِلَ الرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ عَنْ إِتْيَانِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ فَقَالَ صَلُّوا فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ حَوْلَهُ وَيُجْزِي فِي الْمَوَاضِعِ كُلِّهَا أَنْ تَقُولَ:السَّلامُ عَلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ اللَّهِ وَأَصْفِيَائِهِ السَّلامُ عَلَى أُمَنَاءِ اللَّهِ وَأَحِبَّائِهِ السَّلامُ عَلَى أَنْصَارِ اللَّهِ وَخُلَفَائِهِ السَّلامُ عَلَى مَحَالِّ مَعْرِفَةِ اللَّهِ السَّلامُ عَلَى مَسَاكِنِ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ السَّلامُ عَلَى مُظْهِرِي أَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَنَهْيِهِ السَّلامُ عَلَى الدُّعَاةِ إِلَى اللَّهِ السَّلامُ عَلَى الْمُسْتَقِرِّينَ فِي مَرْضَاةِ اللَّهِ السَّلامُ عَلَى الْمُمَحَّصِينَ فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ السَّلامُ عَلَى الأَدِلاءِ عَلَى اللَّهِ السَّلامُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مَنْ وَالاهُمْ فَقَدْ وَالَى اللَّهَ وَمَنْ عَادَاهُمْ فَقَدْ عَادَى اللَّهَ وَمَنْ عَرَفَهُمْ فَقَدْ عَرَفَ اللَّهَ وَمَنْ جَهِلَهُمْ فَقَدْ جَهِلَ اللَّهَ وَمَنِ اعْتَصَمَ بِهِمْ فَقَدِ اعْتَصَمَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَنْ تَخَلَّى مِنْهُمْ فَقَدْ تَخَلَّى مِنَ اللَّهِ أُشْهِدُ اللَّهَ أَنِّي سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سَالَمَكُمْ وَحَرْبٌ لِمَنْ حَارَبَكُـمْمُؤْمِنٌ بِسِرِّكُمْ وَعَلانِيَتِكُمْ مُفَوِّضٌ فِي ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ لَعَنَ اللَّهُ عَدُوَآلِ مُحَمَّد مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَالإِنْسِ مِنَ الأَوَّلِينَ وَالآْخِرِينَ وَأَبْرَأُ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْهُمْ وَصَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّد وَآلِهِ الطَّاهِرِينَ.هَذَا يُجْزِي فِي الزِّيَارَاتِ كُلِّهَا وَتُكْثِرُ مِنَ الصَّلاةِ عَلَى مُحَمَّد وَآلِهِ تُسَمِّي وَاحِداً وَاحِداً بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ وَتَبْرَأُ مِنْ أَعْدَائِهِمْ وَتَخَيَّرُ مَا شِئْتَ مِنَ الدُّعَاءِ لِنَفْسِكَ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِزِيَارَةٌ أُخْرَى جَامِعَةٌ لِلرِّضَا عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى‏ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ وَلِجَمِيعِ الأَئِمَّةِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلامُ

68-2 Muhammad ibn Al-Hassan ibn Ahmad ibn al-Waleed - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Muhammad ibn Al-Hassan al-Saffar quoted on the authority of Ali ibn Hassan that Imam Ar-Ridha’ (a.s.) was asked about the pilgrimage to the shrine of his father Abil Hassan Musa (a.s.). He said,“Pray in the mosques around the shrine. It suffices that in any of the shrines (of any of the Divine Leaders (a.s.)) you just say:‘Peace be upon God’s friends and chosen ones. Peace be upon God’s Trustees and His Loved Ones. Peace be upon God’s helpers and His vicegerents. Peace be upon the centers of recognition of the Divine. Peace be upon the sources of God’s remembrance. Peace be upon the ones who have manifested God’s Decrees and what He has admonished mankind against. Peace be upon the ones who call others towards God. Peace be upon the ones firm in the pleasure of God. Peace be upon the ones sincere in obedience to God. Peace be upon the reasons for God (God’s existence). Peace be upon those whose friends are God’s friends and whose enemies are God’s enemies. Peace be upon those whose recognition is the same as recognizing God; and neglecting them is the same as neglecting God. Peace be upon those whose adherence is the same as adhering to God, and those whose abandonment is the same as abandoning God. I swear by God that I submit to whoever submits to you, and fight with whoever fights with you.I believe in what you keep secret and in what you make public. I totally trust you in these affairs. May God’s Curse be upon the enemies of Muhammad’s Household, be they from the genies or from the people, be they from those of old or those of later times. And I acquit myself in the sight of God of them. And may God’s Blessings be upon Muhammad (a.s.) and his Household - the purified ones.’This prayer is sufficient for all pilgrimages to the Holy shrines. Send a lot of blessings upon Muhammad (a.s.) and his Household, and upon the Divine Leaders naming them one by one. Express your disdain for their enemies. Also ask whatever you want for yourself and other believing men and women in your prayers.”Here is another Pilgrimage Prayer for Imam Ar-Ridha’ (a.s.) and all other Divine Leaders (a.s.) called az-Ziyara al-Jame’a or the Major Comprehensive Pilgrimage.

ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā - Volume 2

Book 1, Chapter 38