[1] When a person goes on receiving favours despite sinfulness he develops the misunderstanding that Allāh is pleased with him and that this is the result of His pleasure, because increase in favours arises out of gratefulness and in the event of ungratefulness the bestowal of favours stops, as Allāh says: And when declared your Lord: “If you be grateful I will increase (My favours) to you, and if you be ungrateful, verily My torment is indeed severe.” (Qur’ān, 14:7) Nevertheless, continuous bestowal of favours, despite disobedience and ungratefulness, cannot be the result of Allāh’s pleasure, nor can it he said that in this way Allāh has put him under the misconception that he should regard this exuberance of favours as the result of Allāh’s pleasure because when he knows that he is a sinner and disobedient and is commiting sins and vices, knowing them to be sins and vices, then there are no grounds for misconception on his part by assuming Allāh’s pleasure and consent. He should rather think that this is a sort of trial and respite for when his sinfulness and high-handedness reaches its zenith he will be caught all at once. Therefore, in such a case he should keep waiting as to when Allāh’s favours are taken away from him and he is punished with deprival and discomfiture.