فِيهَا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ
Every definitive matter is resolved on it,
Agha Ali Puya Commentary
Commentary on Quran 44:4
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 44:4] On the night of Qadr the divine wisdom determines the solution of all spiritual pursuits man decides to undertake, therefore the Holy Prophet has advised the believers to pray and seek Allah's mercy throughout this night. Refer to the commentary of rabbul alamin in verse 2 of al Fatihah to understand taqdir and hidayat. The word qadr therefore has been translated as power and not as determination. Abd al Husayn Sharaf al Din al Musawi in al Muraji-at says: The majority of the Muslims agree with the Ash-aris, the followers of Abu al Husayn al Ashari, in their fundamentals of faith. The beliefs of the Ash-aris are briefly as follow: (i) The Quran is uncreated. (ii) Man is not free to choose and act because all his actions are predestined. (iii) Allah's attributes are distinct from His essence. The Shi-ahs reject all the abovenoted beliefs. By means of the second belief, the Ash-aris seek to justify all the evil deeds of such tyrants as Yazid and others whom they regard as khalifatul rasul; hence they insist on predestination which creates the possibility of Allah being unjust. Imam Ali said: "People wrongly imagine that destiny is abiding and fate is certain. If it were so the idea of reward and penalty becomes meaningless, promise and threat a hoax. Allah, the most praised, has given man freedom of thought and action." The freedom of action is conditioned by the laws made by Allah to govern the universe. No one can break them. Imam Ali clears this as under: He said: "While standing, if you want to lift one of your legs you can, and you are free to lift the second leg also, but as soon as your second leg leaves the ground you will fall down, because you have broken the law Allah has so precisely put in operation." Allah has power over all things but He is also just. We believe in His justice. So we must understand the consequences of believing in predestination and the theories of determinism propagated by the anti-Ahl ul Bayt scholars and theoreticians while interpreting these kind of verses.