Chapter on the Prayer over the Dead

Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām|Volume 3|Book 1|Chapter 21

Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām

Volume 3, Book 1, Chapter 21

Chapter on the Prayer over the Dead

Hadith #7

اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ جَنَائِزِ اَلرِّجَالِ وَ اَلنِّسَاءِ إِذَا اِجْتَمَعَتْ فَقَالَ «يُقَدَّمُ اَلرَّجُلُ قُدَّامَ اَلْمَرْأَةِ قَلِيلاً وَ تُوضَعُ اَلْمَرْأَةُ أَسْفَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَلِيلاً عِنْدَ رِجْلَيْهِ وَ يَقُومُ اَلْإِمَامُ عِنْدَ رَأْسِ اَلْمَيِّتِ فَيُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِمَا جَمِيعاً» وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلصَّلاَةِ عَلَى اَلْمَيِّتِ فَقَالَ« خَمْسُ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ تَقُولُ إِذَا كَبَّرَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ اَللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلَى أَئِمَّةِ اَلْهُدَى وَ «اِغْفِرْ لَنٰا وَ لِإِ خْوٰانِنَا اَلَّذِينَ سَبَقُونٰا بِالْإِيمٰانِ وَ لاٰ تَجْعَلْ فِي قُلُوبِنٰا غِلاًّ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا رَبَّنٰا إِنَّكَ رَؤُفٌ رَحِيمٌ» اَللَّهُمَّ اِغْفِرْ لِأَ حْيَائِنَا وَ أَمْوَاتِنَا مِنَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ اَلْمُؤْمِنَاتِ وَ أَلِّفْ بَيْنَ قُلُوبِنَا عَلَى قُلُوبِ خِيَارِنَا وَ اِهْدِنَا لِمَا اُخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ مِنَ اَلْحَقِّ بِإِذْنِكَ إِنَّكَ تَهْدِي مَنْ تَشَاءُ إِلَى صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ فَإِنْ قَطَعَ عَلَيْكَ اَلتَّكْبِيرَةَ اَلثَّانِيَةَ فَلاَ يَضُرُّكَ فَقُلِ اَللَّهُمَّ هَذَا عَبْدُكَ وَ اِبْنُ عَبْدِكَ وَ اِبْنُ أَمَتِكَ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ اِفْتَقَرَ إِلَيْكَ وَ اِسْتَغْنَيْتَ عَنْهُ اَللَّهُمَّ تَجَاوَزْ عَنْ سَيِّئَاتِهِ وَ زِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ وَ اِغْفِرْ لَهُ وَ اِرْحَمْهُ وَ نَوِّرْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَ لَقِّنْهُ حُجَّتَهُ وَ أَلْحِقْهُ بِنَبِيِّهِ وَ لاَ تَحْرِمْنَا أَجْرَهُ وَ لاَ تَفْتِنَّا بَعْدَهُ قُلْ هَذَا حِينَ تَفْرُغُ مِنَ اَلْخَمْسِ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ سَلَّمْتَ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ»

Al-Husayn ibn Said from al-Hasan from Zurah from Sama’ah he said: I asked Imam al-Sadiq about the funeral processions of men and women, when they are brought together. Imam said: “The man is placed slightly ahead of the woman, and the woman is placed slightly lower than that, at the level of his feet. And the imam (of Salat Al Mayyit) stands at the head of the deceased and prays over both of them together.” And I asked Imam about the prayer over the deceased. Imam said: “Five takbirs. You say when you pronounce the takbirs; ‘I bear witness that there is no God but Allah , alone, without any partner, and I bear witness that (Prophet) Muhammad is His servant and messenger. O’ Allah , send blessings upon (Prophet) Muhammad and the family of Muhammad and upon the Imams of guidance. And forgive us and our brothers who preceded us in faith, and do not place in our hearts any resentment toward those who have believed. Our Lord , indeed You are Kind and Merciful. O’ Allah , forgive our living and our dead, among the believing men and believing women, and unite our hearts upon the hearts of our best ones, and guide us, by Your permission, to the truth concerning that over which there is disagreement indeed, You guide whom You will to a straight path.’ If the second takbir interrupts you, it does not harm you, so say: ‘O’ Allah , this is Your servant, the son of Your servant, and the son of Your bondwoman. You know him best. He is in need of You , and You are free of need from him. O’ Allah , overlook his bad deeds, And increase his good deeds, And forgive him, And have mercy on him, And illuminate his grave for him, And prompt him with his proof, And join him with his Prophet . Do not deprive us of his reward, and do not subject us to trial after him.’ Say this when you complete the five takbirs. And when you finish, give salam to your right. (said in taqiyyah, mentioned later)

Ali Akbar al-Ghaffari
Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām fī Sharḥ al-Muqniʿah, vol. 3, p. 210