Al-Kāfi

1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى بِأَكْثَرَ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ وَأَعْتَقَ مَمْلُوكَهُ فِي مَرَضِهِ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ أَكْثَرَ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ رُدَّ إِلَى الثُّلُثِ وَجَازَ الْعِتْقُ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Ali ibn al-Nu’man from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has narrated the following: “About the case of a man who makes a will about more than one-third of his legacy, or setting free a slave during his illness, abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘If it is more than one-third it is returned to one-third and setting free of slave is permissible/”

2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنْ أَعْتَقَ رَجُلٌ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ خَادِماً لَهُ ثُمَّ أَوْصَى بِوَصِيَّةٍ أُخْرَى أُلْقِيَتِ الْوَصِيَّةُ وَأُعْتِقَ الْخَادِمُ مِنْ ثُلُثِهِ إِلا أَنْ يَفْضُلَ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ مَا يَبْلُغُ الْوَصِيَّةَ.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If a man when about to die sets free a servant, then makes another will, the will is dropped and the servant is set free from the one-third of his legacy except if the will exceeds one-third of the legacy.”’

3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ هَمَّامٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ بِمَالٍ لِذَوِي قَرَابَتِهِ وَأَعْتَقَ مَمْلُوكاً لَهُ وَكَانَ جَمِيعُ مَا أَوْصَى بِهِ يَزِيدُ عَلَى الثُّلُثِ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ فَقَالَ يَبْدَأُ بِالْعِتْقِ فَيُنَفِّذُهُ.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ’Isma‘il ibn Hammam who has narrated the following: “This about the case of a man who makes a will when about to die, for relatives and setting free of a slave but the total exceeds one-third of the legacy and about how to deal with it. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘First it is executed about setting free of the slave then about the rest.’”

4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْعَلاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ حَضَرَهُ الْمَوْتُ فَأَعْتَقَ مَمْلُوكَهُ وَأَوْصَى بِوَصِيَّةٍ فَكَانَ أَكْثَرَ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ قَالَ يُمْضَى عِتْقُ الْغُلامِ وَيَكُونُ النُّقْصَانُ فِيمَا بَقِيَ.

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Hakam from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has narrated the following: “About the case of a man who when about to die sets free his slave and makes a will but the total is more than one-third of his legacy, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is executed about the setting free of the slave and the deficit falls on the rest of the will.’”

5- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ سُوَيْدٍ الْقَلاءِ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ الْحُرِّ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ أَوْصَانِي أَنْ أُعْتِقَ عَنْهُ رَقَبَةً فَأَعْتَقْتُ عَنْهُ امْرَأَةً أَفَتُجْزِيهِ أَوْ أُعْتِقُ عَنْهُ مِنْ مَالِي قَالَ يُجْزِيهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ أُمَّ ابْنِي أَوْصَتْ أَنْ أُعْتِقَ عَنْهَا رَقَبَةً فَأَعْتَقْتُ عَنْهَا امْرَأَةً.

5. Abu Ali al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from Ali al-Nu’man from Suwayd al-Qala’ from abu Ayyub ibn al-Jumhur from abu Bakr al-Hadramiy who has narrated the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘’Alqamah ibn Muhammad has made a will that I must set free a slave for him, and I set free for him a woman: if this is sufficient or must I set free for him from my own property.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is sufficient.’ He (the Imam) then said to me, ‘Fatimah, mother of my son, made a will that I set free for her a slave and I set free for her a woman.’”

6- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ سَأَلَنِي رَجُلٌ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ تُوُفِّيَتْ وَلَمْ تَحُجَّ فَأَوْصَتْ أَنْ يُنْظَرَ قَدْرُ مَا يُحَجُّ بِهِ فَسُئِلَ عَنْهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ أَمْثَلَ أَنْ يُوضَعَ فِي فُقَرَاءِ وُلْدِ فَاطِمَةَ وُضِعَ فِيهِمْ وَإِنْ كَانَ الْحَجُّ أَمْثَلَ حُجَّ عَنْهَا فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنْ كَانَتْ عَلَيْهَا حَجَّةٌ مَفْرُوضَةٌ فَأَنْ يُنْفَقَ مَا أَوْصَتْ بِهِ فِي الْحَجِّ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ يُقْسَمَ فِي غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Uthaman from al-Halabiy who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A man once asked me about a woman who died without performing al-Hajj but made a will about an amount which is sufficient for al-Hajj. He asked if it is better to spend it on the needy people from the descendents of Fatimah, ‘Alayha al-Salam, it will be done so; if performing al-Hajj is better al-Hajj would be performed for her. I said to him that if al-Hajj was obligatory on her, spending it for al-Hajj is more beloved to me than distributing on other things.’”

7- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ فِي رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَأَوْصَى أَنْ يُحَجَّ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ صَرُورَةً يُحَجُّ عَنْهُ مِنْ وَسَطِ الْمَالِ وَإِنْ كَانَ غَيْرَ صَرُورَةٍ فَمِنَ الثُّلُثِ.

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from all Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has narrated the following: “This is about the case of a man who dies but makes a will to perform al-Hajj for him. He (the Imam) (a.s.), has said, ‘If it is his first al-Hajj then al-Hajj is performed from the center of the legacy, but if it is not his first al-Hajj then it is paid for from the one-third of his legacy.’”

8- عَنْهُ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ فِي امْرَأَةٍ أَوْصَتْ بِمَالٍ فِي عِتْقٍ وَصَدَقَةٍ وَحَجٍّ فَلَمْ يَبْلُغْ قَالَ ابْدَأْ بِالْحَجِّ فَإِنَّهُ مَفْرُوضٌ فَإِنْ بَقِيَ شَيْ‏ءٌ فَاجْعَلْهُ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ طَائِفَةً وَفِي الْعِتْقِ طَائِفَةً.

8. It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has narrated the following: “About the case of a woman who makes a will to set free a slave, pay charity and al-Hajj but there is not enough, he (the Imam) (a.s.), said that first is al-Hajj because it is obligatory and if anything remains extra then spend something on charity and something for setting free a slave.’”

9- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى بِثَلاثِينَ دِينَاراً يُعْتَقُ بِهَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ بِذَلِكَ قَالَ يُشْتَرَى مِنَ النَّاسِ فَيُعْتَقُ.

9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Ali ibn abu Hamzah who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of a man who has made a will about thirty dinars to set free a man from our people but it cannot be done with that much. (The Imam) said, ‘A slave then must be bought from other people for this purpose.’”

10- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ عَبْداً صَالِحاً (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ هَلَكَ فَأَوْصَى بِعِتْقِ نَسَمَةٍ مُسْلِمَةٍ بِثَلاثِينَ دِينَاراً فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهُ بِالَّذِي سَمَّى قَالَ مَا أَرَى لَهُمْ أَنْ يَزِيدُوا عَلَى الَّذِي سَمَّى قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدُوا قَالَ فَلْيَشْتَرُوا مِنْ عُرْضِ النَّاسِ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ نَاصِباً.

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn abu Hamzah who has narrated the following: “I once asked the virtuous servant of Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who has made a will about thirty dinar to set free a Muslim slave but it cannot be done with that amount. He (the Imam) said, ‘They must then buy from the rest of the people as long as he is not hostile to ‘A’immah (a.s.).’”

11- الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنِ الشَّيْخِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنَّ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) مَاتَ وَتَرَكَ سِتِّينَ مَمْلُوكاً فَأَعْتَقَ ثُلُثَهُمْ فَأَقْرَعْتُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَأَخْرَجْتُ الثُّلُثَ.

11. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Washsha’ from Aban from Muhammad ibn Marwan who has narrated the following: “The Shaykh (a.s.), has said that abu Ja‘far (a.s.), died and left sixty slaves of whom he set free one-third and I determined such slaves by raffle and took the one-third away.’”

12- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ مُحَرَّرَةٍ أَعْتَقَهَا أَخِي وَقَدْ كَانَتْ تَخْدُمُ مَعَ الْجَوَارِي وَكَانَتْ فِي عِيَالِهِ فَأَوْصَانِي أَنْ أُنْفِقَ عَلَيْهَا مِنَ الْوَسَطِ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَتْ مَعَ الْجَوَارِي وَأَقَامَتْ عَلَيْهِنَّ فَأَنْفِقْ عَلَيْهَا وَاتَّبِعْ وَصِيَّتَهُ.

12. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad and Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about a slave-girl who was set free by my brother who served with slave-girls and was in his dependents. He made a will to spend for her from the center of the legacy. He (the Imam) said, ‘If she was with the slave-girls and managed them, then you must spend for her and execute the will.’”

13- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى أَنْ يُعْتَقَ عَنْهُ نَسَمَةٌ بِخَمْسِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ مِنْ ثُلُثِهِ فَاشْتُرِيَ نَسَمَةٌ بِأَقَلَّ مِنْ خَمْسِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَفَضَلَتْ فَضْلَةٌ فَمَا تَرَى قَالَ تُدْفَعُ الْفَضْلَةُ إِلَى النَّسَمَةِ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تُعْتَقَ ثُمَّ تُعْتَقُ عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ.

13. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from ibn Mahbub from abu Ayyub from Sama‘ah who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who made a will to set free a slave for five hundred dirham from the one-third of his legacy. A slave was bought for less than five hundred dirham and something remained extra. What do you say about it? He (the Imam) said, ‘Give the extra to the slave before setting him free, then set him free for the deceased.’”

14- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ أَوْصَتْ إِلَيَّ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِي بِثُلُثِ مَالِهَا وَأَمَرَتْ أَنْ يُعْتَقَ وَيُحَجَّ وَيُتَصَدَّقَ فَلَمْ يَبْلُغْ ذَلِكَ فَسَأَلْتُ أَبَا حَنِيفَةَ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ تَجْعَلُ أَثْلاثاً ثُلُثاً فِي الْعِتْقِ وَثُلُثاً فِي الْحَجِّ وَثُلُثاً فِي الصَّدَقَةِ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ امْرَأَةً مِنْ أَهْلِي مَاتَتْ وَأَوْصَتْ إِلَيَّ بِثُلُثِ مَالِهَا وَأَمَرَتْ أَنْ يُعْتَقَ عَنْهَا وَيُتَصَدَّقَ وَيُحَجَّ عَنْهَا فَنَظَرْتُ فِيهِ فَلَمْ يَبْلُغْ فَقَالَ ابْدَأْ بِالْحَجِّ فَإِنَّهُ فَرِيضَةٌ مِنْ فَرَائِضِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَيُجْعَلُ مَا بَقِيَ طَائِفَةً فِي الْعِتْقِ وَطَائِفَةً فِي الصَّدَقَةِ فَأَخْبَرْتُ أَبَا حَنِيفَةَ بِقَوْلِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَرَجَعَ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ وَقَالَ بِقَوْلِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام).

14. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has narrated the following: “A woman of our family made a will about one-third of her legacy and asked to set free a slave, perform al-Hajj and give charity; but the one-third was not sufficient. I asked abu Hanifah about it and he said, ’Make it in three equal parts and spend one part for each cause/ I then visited abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), and said that a woman from our family has died and made a will about one-third of her legacy and has asked to set free a slave, perform al-Hajj and pay charity. I checked it but it is not sufficient. He (the Imam) said, ’You must begin with al-Hajj because it is obligatory of the obligation to Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, and make the remaining into two parts: one for setting free a slave and one for charity.’ I then informed abu Hanifah about the words of abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.). He changed his fatwa and accepted the words of abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.).”

15- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ حُمْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ أَعْتِقْ فُلاناً وَفُلاناً وَفُلاناً وَفُلاناً وَفُلاناً فَنَظَرْتُ فِي ثُلُثِهِ فَلَمْ يَبْلُغْ أَثْمَانَ قِيمَةِ الْمَمَالِيكِ الْخَمْسَةِ الَّتِي أَمَرَ بِعِتْقِهِمْ قَالَ يُنْظَرُ إِلَى الَّذِينَ سَمَّاهُمْ وَيُبْدَأُ بِعِتْقِهِمْ فَيُقَوَّمُونَ وَيُنْظَرُ إِلَى ثُلُثِهِ فَيُعْتَقُ مِنْهُ أَوَّلُ شَيْ‏ءٍ ثُمَّ الثَّانِي ثُمَّ الثَّالِثُ ثُمَّ الرَّابِعُ ثُمَّ الْخَامِسُ فَإِنْ عَجَزَ الثُّلُثُ كَانَ فِي الَّذِي سَمَّى أَخِيراً لأنَّهُ أَعْتَقَ بَعْدَ مَبْلَغِ الثُّلُثِ مَا لا يَمْلِكُ فَلا يَجُوزُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ.

15. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from ibn Mahbub from abu Jamilah from Humran who has narrated the following: “About the case of a man who at the time of his death makes a will to set free a slave so and so and so and so. I looked into the one-third of his legacy and found that it is not even equal to one-eighth of the five slaves whom he had mentioned, he (the Imam) (a.s.), said, ‘You must evaluate the slaves and begin setting free one, two, three, four and five. The slave (or slaves) whom he mentioned last cannot be freed if the one-third is not sufficient for his (or their) cost.’”

16- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي يَزِيدَ قَالَ سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَانَ فِي سَفَرٍ وَمَعَهُ جَارِيَةٌ لَهُ وَغُلامَانِ مَمْلُوكَانِ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا أَنْتُمَا حُرَّانِ لِوَجْهِ اللهِ وَاشْهَدَا أَنَّ مَا فِي بَطْنِ جَارِيَتِي هَذِهِ مِنِّي فَوَلَدَتْ غُلاماً فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى الْوَرَثَةِ أَنْكَرُوا ذَلِكَ وَاسْتَرَقُّوهُمْ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْغُلامَيْنِ أُعْتِقَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَشَهِدَا بَعْدَ مَا أُعْتِقَا أَنَّ مَوْلاهُمَا الأوَّلَ أَشْهَدَهُمَا أَنَّ مَا فِي بَطْنِ جَارِيَتِهِ مِنْهُ قَالَ يَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُمَا لِلْغُلامِ وَلا يَسْتَرِقُّهُمَا الْغُلامُ الَّذِي شَهِدَا لَهُ لأنَّهُمَا أَثْبَتَا نَسَبَهُ.

16. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from Dawud ibn abu Yazid who has narrated the following: “Once abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about the case of a man who on a journey was with a slave-girl and two slaves. He said to them, ‘You are free for the sake of Allah and bear witness that the child in the womb of the slave-girl is from me. She gave birth to a son. When they came back, the heir refused the will and kept them as slaves. The two slaves were later set free and they testified that their previous master had asked them to bear witness that the child in the womb of the slave-girl was his child. He (the Imam) said, ‘Their testimony is acceptable and the child about whom they testified cannot make them slaves because they proved his genealogical relation.’”

17- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ تَحْضُرُهُ الْوَفَاةُ وَلَهُ مَمَالِيكُ لِخَاصَّةِ نَفْسِهِ وَلَهُ مَمَالِيكُ فِي شِرْكَةِ رَجُلٍ آخَرَ فَيُوصِي فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ مَمَالِيكِي أَحْرَارٌ مَا حَالُ مَمَالِيكِهِ الَّذِينَ فِي الشِّرْكَةِ فَقَالَ يُقَوَّمُونَ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ كَانَ مَالُهُ يَحْتَمِلُ ثُمَّ هُمْ أَحْرَارٌ.

17. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Ahmad ibn Ziyad who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of a man who is about to die and sets free all of his slaves. He owns certain slaves and certain others with a partner and about the condition of the ones that he owns with a partner. He (the Imam) said, ‘His slaves of the partnership must be evaluated; if his share covers them, they are all free.’”

18- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ الْمُحَارِبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ تُوُفِّيَ وَتَرَكَ جَارِيَةً أَعْتَقَ ثُلُثَهَا فَتَزَوَّجَهَا الْوَصِيُّ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْسَمَ شَيْ‏ءٌ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ أَنَّهَا تُقَوَّمُ وَتُسْتَسْعَى هِيَ وَزَوْجُهَا فِي بَقِيَّةِ ثَمَنِهَا بَعْدَ مَا يُقَوَّمُ فَمَا أَصَابَ الْمَرْأَةَ مِنْ عِتْقٍ أَوْ رِقٍّ فَهُوَ يَجْرِي عَلَى وَلَدِهَا.

18. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from al-Nadr ibn Shu’ayb al-Mharibiy who has narrated the following: “This is about the case of a man who dies and leaves as his legacy a slave-girl whose one-third he sets free and the executor of the will marries her before the distribution of the legacy. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘She is appraised, then with her husband both are made to work to pay for the remaining of her cost after being appraised. Thereafter, whatever of her becomes free or remains in slavery applies to her child also.’”