الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ فَضْلٍ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) الرَّجُلُ أَحَقُّ بِوَلَدِهِ أَمِ الْمَرْأَةُ قَالَ لَا بَلِ الرَّجُلُ فَإِنْ قَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ لِزَوْجِهَا الَّذِي طَلَّقَهَا أَنَا أُرْضِعُ ابْنِي بِمِثْلِ مَا تَجِدُ مَنْ تُرْضِعُهُ فَهِيَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ .

1. Al-Husayn from Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-ffassan ibn Ali al-Washsha’ from Aban from Fadl abu al-‘Abbas who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, if a man has more right for the custody of a child or woman. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, the man has more right. If a divorced woman asks for breastfeeding her child for the same price as others, then she has more right for breastfeeding.’”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ الْكِنَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ إِذَا طَلَّقَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ وَ هِيَ حُبْلَى أَنْفَقَ عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى تَضَعَ حَمْلَهَا وَ إِذَا وَضَعَتْهُ أَعْطَاهَا أَجْرَهَا وَ لَا يُضَارَّهَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَجِدَ مَنْ هُوَ أَرْخَصُ أَجْراً مِنْهَا فَإِنْ هِيَ رَضِيَتْ بِذَلِكَ الْأَجْرِ فَهِيَ أَحَقُّ بِابْنِهَا حَتَّى تَفْطِمَهُ .

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl from abu al-Sabbah al-Kinaniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has stated this Hadith. ‘When a man divorces his wife, who is pregnant, he must provide her maintenance until she gives birth. When she gives birth he must pay her wages and must not harm her unless he finds someone who does it for less; but if she agrees with the lesser wages then she has more right to breastfeeding her child until the child is weaned.’”

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاسَانِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ قَالَ سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُطَلِّقُ امْرَأَتَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَلَدٌ أَيُّهُمَا أَحَقُّ بِالْوَلَدِ قَالَ الْمَرْأَةُ أَحَقُّ بِالْوَلَدِ مَا لَمْ تَتَزَوَّجْ .

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Ali ibn Muhammad al-Qasaniy from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from al-Minqariy from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: “Once, abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, was asked about the case of a man who divorces his wife. They have a child, which one of them has more right for the child? He (the Imam) said, ‘The woman has more right as long as she does not marry.’”

أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) قَالَ وَ الْوالِداتُ يُرْضِعْنَ أَوْلادَهُنَّ قَالَ مَا دَامَ الْوَلَدُ فِي الرَّضَاعِ فَهُوَ بَيْنَ الْأَبَوَيْنِ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ فَإِذَا فُطِمَ فَالْأَبُ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ فَإِذَا مَاتَ الْأَبُ فَالْأُمُّ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنَ الْعَصَبَةِفَإِنْ وَجَدَ الْأَبُ مَنْ يُرْضِعُهُ بِأَرْبَعَةِ دَرَاهِمَ وَ قَالَتِ الْأُمُّ لَا أُرْضِعُهُ إِلَّا بِخَمْسَةِ دَرَاهِمَ فَإِنَّ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْزِعَهُ مِنْهَا إِلَّا أَنَّ ذَلِكَ خَيْرٌ لَهُ وَ أَرْفَقُ بِهِ أَنْ يُتْرَكَ مَعَ أُمِّهِ .

4. Abu Ali al-Ash‘ariy has narrated from al-FIassan ibn Ali from al-‘Abbas ibn ‘Amir from Dawud ibn al-Hasin who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Mothers must breastfeed their children’ means that a child during breastfeeding period is between the two parents in equal manners. When the child is weaned then the father has more right about him than the mother. When the father dies then the mother has more right than the relatives. If the father finds a breastfeeding woman who asks four dirham, for example, and the mother says that she will not do for less than five dirham, he can take the child away from her unless she is more kind and better for the child.’”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ الرَّقِّيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ( عليه السلام ) عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ حُرَّةٍ نَكَحَتْ عَبْداً فَأَوْلَدَهَا أَوْلَاداً ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ طَلَّقَهَا فَلَمْ تُقِمْ مَعَ وُلْدِهَا وَ تَزَوَّجَتْ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ الْعَبْدَ أَنَّهَا تَزَوَّجَتْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ وُلْدَهُ مِنْهَا وَ قَالَ أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهِمْ مِنْكِ إِنْ تَزَوَّجْتِ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ لِلْعَبْدِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهَا وُلْدَهَا وَ إِنْ تَزَوَّجَتْ حَتَّى يُعْتَقَ هِيَ أَحَقُّ بِوُلْدِهَا مِنْهُ مَا دَامَ مَمْلُوكاً فَإِذَا أُعْتِقَ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِمْ مِنْهَا .

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from Dawud al-Raqqiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a free woman who has married a slave who has given birth to several children. She is then divorced and then does not stay with her children but marries another man. The slave then finds out about her marriage. He wants to take his children from her saying that he has more right than the mother has since she has married. He (the Imam) said, ‘The slave has no right to take the children from her even if she has married until the slave becomes free; she has more right about her children than the slave as long as he is owned and when he becomes free then he has more right.’”