Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām

سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَ يُّوبَ بْ نِ نُوحٍ قَا لَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ اَلثَّالِثِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَ سْأَلُهُ عَنِ اَلْمُغْمَى عَلَيْهِ يَوْماً أَوْ أَكْثَرَ هَلْ يَقْضِي مَا فَاتَهُ أَ مْ لاَ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ» لاَ يَقْضِي اَلصَّوْمَ وَ لاَ يَقْضِي اَلصَّلاَةَ«.

Sa’ad ibn Abdullah, from Ayyub ibn Nuh, who said: I (narrator) wrote to Abu al-Hasan al-Thalith (a.s) (the Third), peace be upon him, asking Imam (a.s) about ‘one who is unconscious for a day or more, does he make up what he missed or not?’ So the Imam (a.s), peace be upon him, wrote: “He does not make up the fast, and he does not make up the prayer.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ اَلصَّفَّارُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْقَاسَانِيِّ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ وَ أَنَا بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ اَلْمُغْمَى عَلَيْهِ يَوْماً أَوْ أَكْثَرَ هَلْ يَقْضِي مَا فَاتَهُ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ» لاَ يَقْضِي اَلصَّوْمَ«.

Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar, from Ali ibn Muhammad al-Qasani, who said: I (narrator) wrote to the Imam (a.s), peace be upon him, while I was in Madinah, asking Imam (a.s) about ‘one who is unconscious for a day or more, does he make up what he missed?’ So the Imam (a.s), peace be upon him, wrote: “He does not make up the fast.”

حَرِيزٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: فِي اَلرَّجُلِ يُغْمَى عَلَيْهِ اَلْأَيَّامَ قَالَ» لاَ يُعِيدُ شَيْئاً مِنْ صَلاَتِهِ«.

Hariz, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him: (Imam (a.s) was asked) regarding ‘a man who is unconscious for days.’ Imam (a.s) said: “He does not repeat anything of his prayer.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اَلْجَبَّارِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْمُغْمَى عَلَيْهِ يَوْماً أَوْ أَكْثَرَ هَلْ يَقْضِي مَا فَاتَهُ مِنَ اَلصَّلاَةِ أَمْ لاَ فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ» لاَ يَقْضِي اَلصَّوْمَ وَ لاَ يَقْضِي اَلصَّلاَةَ«.

Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya, from Muhammad ibn Abd al-Jabbar, from Ali ibn Mahziyar, who said: I (narrator) asked Imam (a.s) about ‘one who is unconscious for a day or more, does he make up what he missed of the prayer or not?’ So the Imam (a.s), peace be upon him, wrote: “He does not make up the fast, and he does not make up the prayer.”

فَأَمَّا مَا رَوَاهُ اِبْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ اَلْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:» اَلْمُغْمَى عَلَيْهِ يَقْضِي صَلاَةَ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ«.

As for what Ibn Abi Umayr narrated, from Hafs ibn al-Bakhtari, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: Imam (a.s) said: “The one who is unconscious makes up the prayer of three days.”

حَفْصٌ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:» يَقْضِي اَلْمُغْمَى عَلَيْهِ مَا فَاتَهُ«.

Hafs, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: Imam (a.s) said: “The one who is unconscious makes up what he missed.”

حَفْصٌ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:» يَقْضِي صَلاَةَ يَوْمٍ«.

Hafs, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: Imam (a.s) said: “He makes up the prayer of one day.”

حَفْصٌ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:» يَقْضِي اَلصَّلاَةَ اَلَّتِي أَفَاقَ فِيهَا«.

Hafs, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: Imam (a.s) said: “He makes up the prayer during which he regained consciousness.”

اِبْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْمُغْمَى عَلَيْهِ شَهْراً مَا يَقْضِي مِنَ اَلصَّلاَةِ فَقَالَ» يَقْضِيهَا كُلَّهَا إِنَّ أَمْرَ اَلصَّلاَةِ شَدِيدٌ«.

Ibn Abi Umayr, from Rifaa, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I (narrator) asked Imam (a.s) about ‘one who is unconscious for a month, what does he make up of the prayer?’ Imam (a.s) said: “He makes all of it up. Indeed, the matter of prayer is severe.”

اَلْحَسَنُ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلْمَرِيضِ يُغْمَى عَلَيْهِ قَالَ» إِذَا كَانَ دُونَ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاءٌ وَ إِذَا أُغْمِيَ عَلَيْهِ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَعَلَيْهِ قَضَاءُ اَلصَّلاَةِ فِيهِنَّ«.

Al-Hasan, from Zuraa, from Samaa, who said: I (narrator) asked Imam (a.s) about ‘a sick person who becomes unconscious.’ Imam (a.s) said: “If it is less than three days, then there is no making up upon him; and if he is made unconscious for three days, then upon him is the making up of the prayer in them.”

اَلنَّضْرُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:» كُلُّ شَيْءٍ تَرَكْتَهُ مِنْ صَلَوَاتِكَ لِمَرَضٍ أُغْمِيَ عَلَيْكَ فِيهِ فَاقْضِهِ إِذَا أَفَقْتَ«.

Al-Nadr, from Abdullah ibn Sinan, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: Imam (a.s) said: “Everything that you have left of your prayers because of an illness in which you were made unconscious, make it up when you regain consciousness.”

صَفْوَانُ عَنِ اَلْعَلاَءِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلرَّجُلِ يُغْمَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ يُفِيقُ قَالَ» يَقْضِي مَا فَاتَهُ وَ يُؤَذِّنُ فِي اَلْأُولَى وَ يُقِيمُ فِي اَلْبَقِيَّةِ«.

Safwan, from al-Ala, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I (narrator) asked Imam (a.s) about ‘a man who becomes unconscious and then regains consciousness.’ Imam (a.s) said: “He makes up what he missed, and he gives the call to prayer for the first one and gives the iqamah for the rest.”

حَرِيزٌ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ أُغْمِيَ عَلَيْهِ شَهْراً أَ يَقْضِي مِنْ صَلاَتِهِ شَيْئاً قَالَ »يَقْضِي مِنْهَا ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ«.

Hariz, from Abu Basir, who said: I (narrator) said to Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him: “A man was made unconscious for a month; does he make up anything of his prayer?” Imam (a.s) said: “He makes up three days of it.”

فالوجه في هذه الاخبار ان نحملها على الاستحباب لان الذي يجب على الذي اغمي عليه ان يصلي الصلاة التي افاق في وقتها، فاما ما عداها فمندوب إلى قضائها، والذي يكشف عما قلناه ما رواه:

The interpretation regarding these reports is that we should carry them upon recommendation, because what is obligatory upon one who was overcome by unconsciousness is that he pray the prayer in whose time he regained consciousness. As for what is besides it, he is recommended to make it up. And what discloses what we have said is what he narrated (in the following hadith):

حَمَّادٌ عَنْ أَبِي كَهْمَسٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: وَ سُئِلَ عَنِ اَلْمُغْمَى عَلَيْهِ أَ يَقْضِي مَا تَرَكَ مِنَ اَلصَّلاَةِ فَقَالَ» أَمَّا أَنَا وَ وُلْدِي وَ أَهْلِي فَنَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ«.

Hammad, from Abu Kahmas, who said: I (narrator) heard Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, when Imam (a.s) was asked about ‘one who is unconscious, does he make up what he left of the prayer?’ Imam (a.s) said: “As for me, my children, and my family, we do that.” – meaning make up the prayer.

إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ: أَنَّهُ سَأَلَهُ عَنِ اَلْمُغْمَى عَلَيْهِ شَهْراً أَوْ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً قَالَ فَقَالَ »إِنْ شِئْتَ أَخْبَرْتُكَ بِمَا آمُرُ بِهِ نَفْسِي وَ وُلْدِي أَنْ تَقْضِيَ كُلَّمَا فَاتَكَ«.

Ibrahim ibn Hashim, from more than one person, from Mansur ibn Hazim, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: He (narrator) asked Imam (a.s) about ‘one who is unconscious for a month or forty nights.’ He (narrator) said: “So Imam (a.s) said, ‘If you wish, I will inform you of what I command myself and my children with: that you make up everything that you missed.’”

إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ اَلْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: »كُلُّمَا غَلَبَ اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فَلَيْسَ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ شَيْءٌ«.

Ibrahim ibn Hashim, from Abdullah ibn al-Mughira, from Abdullah ibn Sinan, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: Imam (a.s) said: “Everything over which Allah (swt) has overcome a person, there is nothing upon its possessor.”