قال الشيخ رحمه الله:) وليس فيما دون الخمس من الابل شئ فإذا بلغت خمسا ففيها شاة( إلى آخر الباب.
The Shaykh (Al-Mufid), may Allah (swt) have mercy on him, said: “There is nothing on less than five camels. When they reach five, then in them there is a sheep (shah),” until the end of the chapter.
سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ وَاَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ اَلنَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ اَلزَّكَاةِ فَقَالَ» لَيْسَ فِيمَا دُونَ اَلْخَمْسِ مِنَ اَلْإِبِلِ شَيْءٌ فَإِذَا كَانَتْ خَمْساً فَفِيهَا شَاةٌ إِلَى عَشْرٍ فَإِذَا كَانَتْ عَشْراً فَفِيهَا شَاتَانِ إِلَى خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ فَإِذَا كَانَتْ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ فَفِيهَا ثَلاَثٌ مِنَ اَلْغَنَمِ إِلَى عِشْرِينَ فَإِذَا كَانَتْ عِشْرِينَ فَفِيهَا أَرْبَعٌ مِنَ اَلْغَنَمِ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ فَإِذَا كَانَتْ خَمْساً وَ عِشْرِينَ فَفِيهَا خَمْسٌ مِنَ اَلْغَنَمِ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ فَفِيهَا اِبْنَةُ مَخَاضٍ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَ ثَلاَثِينَ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنِ اِبْنَةُ مَخَاضٍ فَابْنُ لَبُونٍ ذَكَرٌ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ عَلَى خَمْسٍ وَ ثَلاَثِينَ فَفِيهَا اِبْنَةُ لَبُونٍ أُنْثَى إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ فَفِيهَا حِقَّةٌ إِلَى سِتِّينَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ فَفِيهَا جَذَعَةٌ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَسَبْعِينَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ فَفِيهَا بِنْتَا لَبُونٍ إِلَى تِسْعِينَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ فَفِيهَا حِقَّتَانِ إِلَى عِشْرِينَ وَ مِائَةٍ فَإِذَا كَثُرَتِ اَلْإِبِلُ فَفِي كُلِّ خَمْسِينَ حِقَّةٌ وَلاَ تُؤْخَذُ هَرِمَةٌ وَ لاَ ذَاتُ عَوَارٍ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَشَاءَ اَلْمُصَدِّقُ أَنْ يَعُدَّ صَغِيرَهَا وَكَبِيرَهَا«.
Sa’ad ibn Abdullah from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Najran from Asim ibn Humayd, and al-Husayn ibn Said from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Asim ibn Humayd from Abu Basir from Abu Abdillah: I (narrator) asked Imam Ja’far al-Sadiq (a.s) about ‘zakat.’ Imam (a.s) said: “There is nothing due on fewer than five camels. When they reach five camels, one sheep is due on them, up to ten camels. When they reach ten camels, two sheep are due on them, up to fifteen camels. When they reach fifteen camels, three sheep are due on them, up to twenty camels. When they reach twenty, four sheep are due on them, up to twenty-five camels. When they reach twenty-five camels, five sheep are due on them. Then, if they increase by one, a she-camel in its second year (ibnat makhad) is due on them, up to thirty-five camels. If there is no she-camel in its second year, then a male camel in its third year (ibn labun) is due. Then, if they increase by one beyond thirty-five, a female camel in its third year (bint labun) is due on them, up to forty-five camels. Then, if they increase by one beyond forty-five, a she-camel in its fourth year (hiqqah) is due on them, up to sixty camels. Then, if they increase by one beyond sixty, a she-camel in its fifth year (jadhah) is due on them, up to seventy-five camels. Then, if they increase by one beyond seventy-five, two female camels in their third year (binta labun) are due on them, up to ninety camels. Then, if they increase by one beyond ninety, two she-camels in their fourth year (hiqqatan) are due on them, up to one hundred and twenty camels. Then, when the camels become numerous, then for every fifty camels, one she-camel in its fourth year (hiqqah) is due. An old animal is not to be taken for zakat, nor an animal with a defect, unless the collector of charity wishes to count both its young and its old.”
وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ اَلْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:» فِي خَمْسِ قِلاَصٍ شَاةٌ وَ لَيْسَ فِيمَا دُونَ اَلْخَمْسِ شَيْءٌ وَفِي عَشْرٍ شَاتَانِ وَ فِي خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ ثَلاَثٌ وَ فِي عِشْرِينَ أَرْبَعٌ وَ فِي خَمْسٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ خَمْسٌ وَ فِي سِتٍّ وَ عِشْرِينَ اِبْنَةُ مَخَاضٍ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَ ثَلاَثِينَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ فَفِيهَا اِبْنَةُ لَبُونٍ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَ أَرْبَعِينَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ فَفِيهَا حِقَّةٌ إِلَى سِتِّينَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ فَفِيهَا جَذَعَةٌ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَ سَبْعِينَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ فَفِيهَا اِبْنَتَا لَبُونٍ إِلَى تِسْعِينَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ فَفِيهَا حِقَّتَانِ إِلَى عِشْرِينَ وَ مِائَةٍ فَإِذَا كَثُرَتِ اَلْإِبِلُ فَفِي كُلِّ خَمْسِينَ حِقَّةٌ«.
And from him, from Abu Jafar, from al-Husayn ibn Said, from Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr, from Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj, from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam (a.s) said: “In five young she-camels (qilas), one sheep is due, and there is nothing due on fewer than five. In ten, two sheep are due; in fifteen, three; in twenty, four; and in twenty-five, five. In twenty-six, a she-camel in its second year (ibnat makhad) is due, up to thirty-five. Then, if they increase by one, a female camel in its third year (ibnat labun) is due, up to forty-five. Then, if they increase by one, a she-camel in its fourth year (hiqqah) is due, up to sixty. Then, if they increase by one, a she-camel in its fifth year (jadhah) is due, up to seventy-five. Then, if they increase by one, two female camels in their third year (ibnata labun) are due, up to ninety. Then, if they increase by one, two she-camels in their fourth year (hiqqatan) are due, up to one hundred and twenty. Then, when the camels become numerous, for every fifty there is a she-camel in its fourth year (hiqqah).”
عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ أَحْمَدَ اِبْنَيِ اَلْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَبِيهِمَا عَنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالاَ:» لَيْسَ فِي اَلْإِبِلِ شَيْءٌ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ خَمْساً فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ خَمْساً فَفِيهَا شَاةٌ ثُمَّ فِي كُلِّ خَمْسٍ شَاةٌ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ خَمْساً وَ عِشْرِينَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ فَفِيهَا اِبْنَةُ مَخَاضٍ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهَا اِبْنَةُ مَخَاضٍ فَابْنُ لَبُونٍ ذَكَرٌ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَ ثَلاَثِينَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ عَلَى خَمْسٍ وَ ثَلاَثِينَ فَابْنَةُ لَبُونٍ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَ أَرْبَعِينَ فَإِنْ زَادَتْ فَحِقَّةٌ إِلَى سِتِّينَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ فَجَذَعَةٌ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَ سَبْعِينَ فَإِنْ زَادَتْ فَبِنْتَا لَبُونٍ إِلَى تِسْعِينَ فَإِنْ زَادَتْ فَحِقَّتَانِ إِلَى عِشْرِينَ وَ مِائَةٍ فَإِنْ زَادَتْ فَفِي كُلِّ خَمْسِينَ حِقَّةٌ وَ فِي كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ اِبْنَةُ لَبُونٍ وَ لَيْسَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنَ اَلْحَيَوَانِ زَكَاةٌ غَيْرِ هَذِهِ اَلْأَصْنَافِ اَلَّتِي سَمَّيْنَاهَا وَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ كَانَ مِنْ هَذِهِ اَلْأَصْنَافِ مِنَ اَلدَّوَاجِنِ وَ اَلْعَوَامِلِ فَلَيْسَ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ هَذِهِ اَلْأَصْنَافِ اَلثَّلاَثَةِ اَلْإِبِلِ وَاَلْبَقَرِ وَاَلْغَنَمِ فَلَيْسَ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ حَتَّى يَحُولَ عَلَيْهَا اَلْحَوْلُ مِنْ يَوْمِ يُنْتَجُ«.
Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Faddal from Muhammad and Ahmad, the two sons of al-Hasan, from their father, from al-Qasim ibn Urwah, from Abdullah ibn Bukayr, from Zurarah, from Abu Ja’far (a.s) and Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon them both, said: Imam (a.s) said: “There is nothing due on camels until they reach five. When they reach five, one sheep is due on them. Then, for every five camels, one sheep is due, until they reach twenty-five. Then, if they increase by one, a she-camel in its second year (ibnat makhad) is due on them. If there is no she-camel in its second year (ibnat makhad) among them, then a male camel in its third year (ibn labun) is due, up to thirty-five. Then, if they increase beyond thirty-five, a female camel in its third year (ibnat labun) is due, up to forty-five. Then, if they increase, a she-camel in its fourth year (hiqqah) is due, up to sixty. Then, if they increase, a she-camel in its fifth year (jadhah) is due, up to seventy-five. Then, if they increase, two female camels in their third year (binta labun) are due, up to ninety. Then, if they increase, two she-camels in their fourth year (hiqqatan) are due, up to one hundred and twenty. Then, if they increase beyond that, then for every fifty camels, one she-camel in its fourth year (hiqqah) is due, and for every forty camels, one female camel in its third year (ibnat labun) is due. There is no zakat on any animals other than these categories which we have named. And whatever belongs to these categories but is kept domestically (al-dawajin) or used as working animals (al-awamil), there is nothing due on them. And as for these three categories, camels, cattle, and sheep, nothing is due on them until a full year has passed over them from the day they were born.”
فَأَمَّا اَلْخَبَرُ اَلَّذِي رَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ وَ بُرَيْدٍ اَلْعِجْلِيِّ وَ اَلْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالاَ:» فِي صَدَقَةِ اَلْإِبِلِ فِي كُلِّ خَمْسٍ شَاةٌ إِلَى أَنْ تَبْلُغَ خَمْساً وَ عِشْرِينَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ ذَلِكَ فَفِيهَا اِبْنَةُ مَخَاضٍ وَ لَيْسَ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ خَمْساً وَ ثَلاَثِينَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ خَمْساً وَ ثَلاَثِينَ فَفِيهَا اِبْنَةُ لَبُونٍ ثُمَّ لَيْسَ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ خَمْساً وَ أَرْبَعِينَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ خَمْساً وَ أَرْبَعِينَ فَفِيهَا حِقَّةٌ طَرُوقَةُ اَلْفَحْلِ ثُمَّ لَيْسَ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ سِتِّينَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ سِتِّينَ فَفِيهَا جَذَعَةٌ ثُمَّ لَيْسَ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ خَمْساً وَ سَبْعِينَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ خَمْساً وَ سَبْعِينَ فَفِيهَا اِبْنَتَا لَبُونٍ ثُمَّ لَيْسَ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ تِسْعِينَ فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ تِسْعِينَ فَفِيهَا حِقَّتَانِ طَرُوقَتَا اَلْفَحْلِ ثُمَّ لَيْسَ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ عِشْرِينَ وَ مِائَةً فَإِذَا بَلَغَتْ عِشْرِينَ وَ مِائَةً فَفِيهَا حِقَّتَانِ طَرُوقَتَا اَلْفَحْلِ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ عَلَى عِشْرِينَ وَ مِائَةٍ فَفِي كُلِّ خَمْسِينَ حِقَّةٌ وَ فِي كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ بِنْتُ لَبُونٍ ثُمَّ تَرْجِعُ اَلْإِبِلُ عَلَى أَسْنَانِهَا وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى اَلنَّيِّفِ شَيْءٌ وَ لاَ عَلَى اَلْكُسُورِ شَيْءٌ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى اَلْعَوَامِلِ شَيْءٌ وَ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ عَلَى اَلسَّائِمَةِ اَلرَّاعِيَةِ« قَالَ قُلْتُ فَمَا فِي اَلْبُخْتِ اَلسَّائِمَةِ قَالَ» مِثْلُ مَا فِي اَلْإِبِلِ اَلْعَرَبِيَّةِ«.
As for the report which Muhammad ibn Yaqub narrated from Ali ibn Ibrahim from his father from Hammad ibn Isa from Hariz from Zurarah and Muhammad ibn Muslim and Abu Basir and Burayd al-Ijli and al-Fudayl from Abu Ja’far (a.s) and Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon them both, said: Imam (a.s) said: “Regarding the charity of camels, for every five camels, one sheep is due, until they reach twenty-five. Then, when they reach that number, a she-camel in its second year (ibnat makhad) is due on them, and nothing further is due on them until they reach thirty-five. Then, when they reach thirty-five, a female camel in its third year (ibnat labun) is due on them, and nothing further is due until they reach forty-five. Then, when they reach forty-five, a she-camel in its fourth year, ready for the male to mate with (hiqqah taruqat al-fahl), is due on them, and nothing further is due until they reach sixty. Then, when they reach sixty, a she-camel in its fifth year (jadhah) is due on them, and nothing further is due until they reach seventy-five. Then, when they reach seventy-five, two female camels in their third year (ibnata labun) are due on them, and nothing further is due until they reach ninety. Then, when they reach ninety, two she-camels in their fourth year, ready for the male to mate with (hiqqatan taruqata al-fahl), are due on them, and nothing further is due until they reach one hundred and twenty. Then, when they reach one hundred and twenty, two she-camels in their fourth year, ready for the male to mate with (hiqqatan taruqata al-fahl), are due on them. Then, when they increase by one beyond one hundred and twenty, then for every fifty camels, one she-camel in its fourth year (hiqqah) is due, and for every forty camels, one female camel in its third year (bint labun) is due. Then the camels return according to their ages. Nothing is due on the excess amount (al-nayyif), nothing is due on fractions, and nothing is due on working animals (al-awamil). This is only due on grazing, pasturing animals.” He (narrator) said: “I asked, ‘Then what is due on grazing Bactrian camels (al-bukht al-saimah)?’” The Imam (a.s.) said: “The same as what is due on Arabian camels.”
فليس بينه وبين ما قدمناه من الاخبار تناقض لان قوله عليه السلام في كل خمس شاة الى أن تبلغ خمسا وعشرين يقتضي أن يكونوا سواءا في هذا الحكم وانه يجب في كل خمس شاة الى هذا العدد ثم قوله عليه السلام بعد ذلك فإذا بلغت خمسا وعشرين ففيها ابنة مخاض يحتمل أن يكون أراد وزادت واحدة وانما لم يذكر في اللفظ لعلمه بفهم المخاطب ذلك ولو صرح فقال: في كل خمس شاة الى خمس وعشرين ففيها خمس شياه وإذا بلغت خمسا وعشرين وزادت واحدة ففيها ابنة مخاض لم يكن فيه تناقض وكل ما لو صرح به لم يؤد الى التناقض جاز تقديره في الكلام ولم يقدر في الخبر الا ما وردت به الاخبار المفصلة قدمناها، فلا تنافي بين جميع ألفاظها ومعانيها فعملنا على جميعها، ولو لم يحتمل ما ذكرناه لجاز لنا أن نحمل هذه الرواية على ضرب من التقية لانها موافقة لمذاهب العامة، وقد صرح عبد الرحمن ابن الحجاج بذلك فيما رواه:
There is no contradiction between this report and the reports we have already presented, because the saying of the Imam (a.s): “For every five there is a sheep until they reach twenty-five,” requires that they are equal in this ruling, and that for every five camels, one sheep is due up to this number. Then the saying of the Imam (a.s) after that: “When they reach twenty-five, then in them there is a she-camel in its second year (ibnat makhad),” may mean that he intended: when one more is added to them. He only did not mention this explicitly in the wording because he knew that the addressee would understand it. If Imam (a.s) had stated it clearly and said: “For every five there is a sheep up to twenty-five, and in them there are five sheep; and when they reach twenty-five and one more is added, then in them there is a she-camel in its second year (ibnat makhad),” there would be no contradiction in it. Anything which, if stated explicitly, would not cause contradiction, may be assumed within the speech. And nothing is being assumed in this report except what has already been mentioned in the detailed reports which we have presented. Thus, there is no contradiction between all of their wordings and meanings, so we act upon all of them. Even if the report did not allow the interpretation we have mentioned, it would be permissible for us to carry this narration upon a form of precautionary dissimulation (taqiyyah), because it agrees with the schools of the generality (al-ammah). Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj has explicitly stated this in what he narrated (in the following hadith):
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ اَلْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ اَلْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:» فِي خَمْسِ قَلاَئِصَ شَاةٌ وَ لَيْسَ فِيمَا دُونَ اَلْخَمْسِ شَيْءٌ وَفِي عَشْرٍ شَاتَانِ وَفِي خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ ثَلاَثُ شِيَاهٍ وَفِي عِشْرِينَ أَرْبَعُ شِيَاهٍ وَفِي خَمْسٍ وَعِشْرِينَ خَمْسُ شِيَاهٍ وَ فِي سِتٍّ وَ عِشْرِينَ بِنْتُ مَخَاضٍ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَ ثَلاَثِينَ« وَ قَالَ عَبْدُ اَلرَّحْمَنِ هَذَا فَرْقٌ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَ اَلنَّاسِ.
Muhammad ibn Yaqub from Ali ibn Ibrahim from his father, and Muhammad ibn Ismail from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan, all together from Ibn Abi Umayr from Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: Imam (a.s) said: “In five young she-camels (qala’is), one sheep is due, and there is nothing due on fewer than five. In ten, two sheep are due; in fifteen, three sheep; in twenty, four sheep; in twenty-five, five sheep; and in twenty-six, a female camel in its second year (bint makhad) is due, up to thirty-five.” Abd al-Rahman said: “This is a difference between us and the people.”
ثم ساق الحديث الى آخره حسب ما قدمناه.
Then he continued the hadith to its end, according to what we have already presented.
