Hadith 1مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَا حَدُّ اَلْجِزْيَةِ عَلَى أَهْلِ اَلْكِتَابِ وَ هَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ مُوَظَّفٌ لاَ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَجُوزُوا إِلَى غَيْرِهِ فَقَالَ» ذَلِكَ إِلَى اَلْإِمَامِ يَأْخُذُ مِنْ كُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ مِنْهُمْ مَا يَشَاءُ عَلَى قَدْرِ مَالِهِ بِمَا يُطِيقُ إِنَّمَا هُمْ قَوْمٌ فَدَوْا أَنْفُسَهُمْ مِنْ أَنْ يُسْتَعْبَدُوا أَوْ يُقْتَلُوا فَالْجِزْيَةُ تُؤْخَذُ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى قَدْرِ مَا يُطِيقُونَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَهُمْ بِهِ حَتَّى يُسْلِمُوا فَإِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ» حَتّٰى يُعْطُوا اَلْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ وَهُمْ صٰاغِرُونَ« وَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ صَاغِراً وَلاَ يَكْتَرِثُ لِمَا يُؤْخَذُ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يَجِدَ ذُلاًّ لِمَا أُخِذَ مِنْهُ فَيَأْلَمَ لِذَلِكَ فَيُسْلِمَ« قَالَ وَ قَالَ اِبْنُ مُسْلِمٍ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَ رَأَيْتَ مَا يَأْخُذُ هَؤُلاَءِ مِنَ اَلْخُمُسِ مِنْ أَرْضِ اَلْجِزْيَةِ وَ يُؤْخَذُ مِنَ اَلدَّهَاقِينِ جِزْيَةُ رُءُوسِهِمْ أَمَا عَلَيْهِمْ فِي ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ مُوَظَّفٌ فَقَالَ» كَانَ عَلَيْهِمْ مَا أَجَازُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ لَيْسَ لِلْإِمَامِ أَكْثَرُ مِنَ اَلْجِزْيَةِ إِنْ شَاءَ اَلْإِمَامُ وَضَعَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى رُءُوسِهِمْ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى أَمْوَالِهِمْ شَيْءٌ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ فَعَلَى أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى رُءُوسِهِمْ شَيْءٌ« فَقُلْتُ وَ هَذَا اَلْخُمُسُ فَقَالَ» إِنَّمَا هَذَا شَيْءٌ كَانَ صَالَحَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ«.
Muhammad ibn Ya'qub, from Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Hammad ibn Isa, from Hariz, from Zurarah, who said:
I (narrator) said to Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him: “What is the limit of the jizyah (per-capita poll tax) upon the People of the Book, and is there any fixed amount upon them in that which should not be exceeded?” Imam (a.s) said: “That is up to the Imam. He takes from each person among them whatever he wishes, according to his wealth and according to what he can bear. They are only a people who ransomed themselves from being enslaved or killed, so the jizyah is taken from them according to what they can bear, and he may burden them with it until they accept Islam. For Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, said: ‘Until they pay the tax, willingly submitting, fully humbled.’ (Surah At-Tawbah 9:29) And how can one of them (People of the Book) be humbled while he does not care about what is taken from him, until he feels humiliation because of what has been taken from him, feels pain because of that, and then accepts Islam?” And Ibn Muslim said: “I asked Abu Abdillah (a.s): ‘What do you think of what these people take of the fifth from the land of jizyah, while the jizyah upon their heads is taken from the dihqans (dahaqin), is there any fixed amount upon them in that?’” Imam (a.s) said: “There was upon them whatever they had agreed upon against themselves, and the Imam has nothing beyond the jizyah. If the Imam wishes, he places that upon their heads, and there is nothing upon their wealth; and if the Imam wishes, he places it upon their wealth, and there is nothing upon their heads.” So I (narrator) said: “And this fifth?” Imam (a.s) said: “This is only something upon which the blessed Messenger of Allah (swt), Allah's (swt) blessings be upon him and his family, made a settlement with them."
