Tahdhīb al-Aḥkām

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ رَجُلٌ خَرَجَ مِنْ سَفِينَةٍ عُرْيَاناً أَوْ سُلِبَ ثِيَابُهُ وَ لَمْ يَجِدْ شَيْئاً يُصَلِّي فِيهِ فَقَالَ« يُصَلِّي إِيمَاءً وَ إِنْ كَانَتِ اِمْرَأَةً جَعَلَتْ يَدَهَا عَلَى فَرْجِهَا وَ إِنْ كَانَ رَجُلاً وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى سَوْأَتِهِ ثُمَّ يَجْلِسَانِ فَيُومِيَانِ إِيمَاءً وَ لاَ يَرْكَعَانِ وَ لاَ يَسْجُدَانِ فَيَبْدُوَ مَا خَلْفَهُمَا تَكُونُ صَلاَتُهُمَا إِيمَاءً بِرُءُوسِهِمَا» قَالَ« وَإِنْ كَانَا فِي مَاءٍ أَوْ بَحْرٍ لُجِّيٍّ لَمْ يَسْجُدَا عَلَيْهِ وَ مَوْضُوعٌ عَنْهُمَا اَلتَّوَجُّهُ فِيهِ يُومِيَانِ فِي ذَلِكَ إِيمَاءً رَفْعُهُمَا تَوَجُّهٌ وَ وَضْعُهُمَا»

Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub from Ali ibn Ibrahim from his father from Hammad from Hariz from Zurarah. He said: I said to Abu Ja’far (a.s): “A man comes out of a ship naked, or his clothes have been taken from him, and he does not find anything to pray in, what should he do?” Imam (a.s) said: “He should pray by gesturing. If it is a woman, she should place her hand over her private part, and if it is a man, he should place his hand over his private part. Then they should both sit and gesture with indications. They should neither bow nor prostrate, as what is behind them (anus) would become exposed. Their prayer should be by gesturing with their heads.” Imam (a.s) said: “And if they are in water or in a deep sea, they should not prostrate in it, and the requirement of facing the qibla is lifted from them in that case. They should gesture therein with indications, their lifting is counted as turning toward the qibla, and their lowering (is considered) likewise.”

سَعْدٌ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ اَلْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ اَلنَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْمٍ صَلَّوْا جَمَاعَةً وَ هُمْ عُرَاةٌ قَالَ« يَتَقَدَّمُهُمُ اَلْإِمَامُ بِرُكْبَتَيْهِ وَ يُصَلِّي بِهِمْ جُلُوساً وَ هُوَ جَالِسٌ»

Sa’ad from Abu Ja’far from al-Husayn ibn Said from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Abdillah ibn Sinan from Abu Abdillah (a.s), peace be upon him, who said: I asked Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) about a group of people who prayed in congregation, while they were naked. Imam (a.s) said: “The imam (of prayer) should go before them on his knees and lead them in prayer sitting, while he is also sitting.”

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ:« اَلْعَارِي اَلَّذِي لَيْسَ لَهُ ثَوْبٌ إِذَا وَجَدَ حُفْرَةً دَخَلَهَا فَسَجَدَ فِيهَا وَ رَكَعَ»

Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya from Ayyub ibn Nuh from one of our companions from Abu Abdillah (a.s): Imam al-Sadiq (a.s) said: “The naked person, who has no garment, if he finds a pit, he should enter it and perform his prostration and bowing in it.”

وما ذكره بعد ذلك من كيفية الصلاة على الميت إذا كان عريانا يدل على ذلك ما رواه

And what he mentioned after that regarding the manner of performing the prayer over a deceased person, if he is naked, is indicated by what is narrated:

أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ اَلسَّابَاطِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي قَوْمٍ كَانُوا فِي سَفَرٍ لَهُمْ يَمْشُونَ عَلَى سَاحِلِ اَلْبَحْرِ فَإِذَا هُمْ بِرَجُلٍ مَيِّتٍ عُرْيَانٍ قَدْ لَفَظَهُ اَلْبَحْرُ وَ هُمْ عُرَاةٌ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ إِلاَّ إِزَارٌ أَوْ رِدَاءٌ كَيْفَ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ وَ هُمْ عُرَاةٌ لَيْسَ مَعَهُمْ فَضْلُ ثَوْبٍ يُكَفِّنُونَهُ بِهِ قَالَ« يُحْفَرُ لَهُ وَ يُوضَعُ فِي لَحْدِهِ وَ يُوضَعُ اَللَّبِنُ عَلَى عَوْرَتِهِ فَيُسْتَرُ بِاللَّبِنِ وَ بِالْحَجَرِ ثُمَّ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ يُدْفَنُ» قُلْتُ فَلاَ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ إِذَا دُفِنَ قَالَ« لاَ يُصَلَّى عَلَى اَلْمَيِّتِ بَعْدَمَا يُدْفَنُ وَ لاَ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ عُرْيَانٌ حَتَّى تُوَارَى عَوْرَتُهُ»

Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr from Marwan ibn Muslim from Ammar al-Sabati. He said: I said to Abu Abdillah (a.s): “What do you say about a group of people, who were on a journey walking along the shore of the sea, when suddenly they came upon a dead man; naked, whom the sea had cast ashore. These group of people are themselves naked, having only a waist wrap or a cloak. How should they pray over him (the deceased), while they are naked and have no extra garment to shroud him with?” Imam (a.s) said: “A grave should be dug for him, and he should be placed in his burial niche (lahd), and bricks should be placed over his private parts, so that his private area is covered with the bricks and stones. Then the prayer should be performed over him, and then he should be buried.” I asked: “So, the prayer is not to be performed over him, if he has already been buried?” Imam (a.s) said: “No, the prayer is not performed over the deceased after he has been buried, nor is it performed over him while he is naked, until his private parts are covered.”