Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains Ill for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِذَا حَكَكْتَ رَأْسَكَ فَحُكَّهُ حَكّاً رَفِيقاً وَلا تَحُكَّنَّ بِالأَظْفَارِ وَلَكِنْ بِأَطْرَافِ الأَصَابِعِ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If you want to scratch your head while you are in the state of Ihram, then scratch very gently. You must not scratch with your finger nails, but scratch with the tip of your fingers.’” 

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِذَا اغْتَسَلَ الْمُحْرِمُ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ يَصُبُّ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ وَيُمَيِّزُ الشَّعْرَ بِأَنَامِلِهِ بَعْضَهُ مِنْ بَعْضٍ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad from Hariz who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one who is in the state of Ihram takes Ghusl (bath) due to sexual relation (because of which Ghusl (bath) is obligatory), he can pour water over his head and separate the hairs from each other with his fingers.’” 

3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ لا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْمُحْرِمُ الْحَمَّامَ وَلَكِنْ لا يَتَدَلَّكُ.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from certain persons of our people who have said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is not harmful for one in the state of Ihram to use bath houses but he must not scrub and massage his body.’” 

4ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ لَيْسَ لِلْمُحْرِمِ أَنْ يُلَبِّيَ مَنْ دَعَاهُ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ إِحْرَامَهُ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ يَقُولُ قَالَ يَقُولُ يَا سَعْدُ.

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who said, “One who is in the state of Ihram must not answer anyone who calls him with the word ‘Labbayka’ until his Ihram is complete.“ I then asked, “How must he say it?“ He (the Imam) said, “He can say, ‘O Sa‘d.” 

5ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُحْرِمِ يَتَخَلَّلُ قَالَ لا بَأْسَ.

5. Muhammad ibn Yahya and Ahmad ibn Idris has narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan from ’Amr ibn Sa‘id from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah from ‘Ammar ibn Musa who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who uses a toothpick while he is in the state of Ihram. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’” 

6ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) الْمُحْرِمُ يَسْتَاكُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ أَدْمَى يَسْتَاكُ قَالَ نَعَمْ هُوَ مِنَ السُّنَّةِ وَرُوِيَ أَيْضاً لا يَسْتَدْمِي.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who is in the state of Ihram; if he can brush his teeth. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is of the Sunnah.’ It is also narrated that one must not make his teeth bleed.” 

7ـ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) هَلْ يَحُكُّ الْمُحْرِمُ رَأْسَهُ وَيَغْتَسِلُ بِالْمَاءِ قَالَ يَحُكُّ رَأْسَهُ مَا لَمْ يَتَعَمَّدْ قَتْلَ دَابَّةٍ وَلا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ بِالْمَاءِ وَيَصُبَّ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ مُلَبِّداً فَإِنْ كَانَ مُلَبِّداً فَلا يُفِيضُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ الْمَاءَ إِلاَّ مِنَ الاحْتِلامِ.

7. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from ibn Sama‘ah from more than one person from Aban from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who is in the state of Ihram; if he can scratch his head and wash it with water. He (the Imam) said, ‘He can scratch his head as long as he is certain of not killing a moving thing but it is not harmful to wash with water unless one’s head is treated with talbid (a medicine against lice), in which case one must not pour water over his head except because of wet-dream.’” 

8ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ يُكْرَهُ الاحْتِبَاءُ لِلْمُحْرِمِ وَيُكْرَهُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ.

8. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Hammad ibn ‘Uthaman who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘It is undesirable for one in the state of Ihram to sit in Masjid al-Haram facing al-Ka‘bah in al-‘Ihtiba’ position (with one’s knees raised and legs against thighs with hips on the ground).”’ 

9ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي حَلاَّلٍ الرَّازِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلَيْنِ اقْتَتَلا وَهُمَا مُحْرِمَانِ قَالَ سُبْحَانَ الله بِئْسَ مَا صَنَعَا قُلْتُ قَدْ فَعَلا فَمَا الَّذِي يَلْزَمُهُمَا قَالَ عَلَى كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا دَمٌ.

9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Hafs ibn al-Bakhtariy from abu Halal al-Raziy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of two men who fought each other while in the state of Ihram. He (the Imam) said, ‘Allah is free of all defects, how bad is what they have done!’ I said, ‘They have done it but what must they do?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘They must each offer one animal as offering.’” 

10ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْعَمْرَكِيِّ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُحْرِمِ يُصَارِعُ هَلْ يَصْلُحُ لَهُ قَالَ لا يَصْلُحُ لَهُ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يُصِيبَهُ جِرَاحٌ أَوْ يَقَعَ بَعْضُ شَعْرِهِ.

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-‘Amrakiy from Ali ibn Ja’far who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about a man who is in the state of Ihram; if he can fight a contest. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, because he may sustain injuries or his hair may fall.’” 

11ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ جَبَلَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ سَأَلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنِ الْمُحْرِمِ يُعَالِجُ دَبَرَ الْجَمَلِ قَالَ فَقَالَ يُلْقِي عَنْهُ الدَّوَابَّ وَلا يُدْمِيهِ.

11. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Kufiy, from al-‘ Ab has ibn ‘Amir, from ‘Abd Allah ibn Jabalah from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sa‘d who has said the following: “‘Abd al-Rahman once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man’s treating the backside of a camel while in the state of Ihram. He (the Imam) said, ‘He can throw away bugs but must not make it bleed.’” 

12ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمُحْرِمِ يَكُونُ بِهِ الْجَرَبُ فَيُؤْذِيهِ قَالَ يَحُكُّهُ فَإِنْ سَالَ مِنْهُ الدَّمُ فَلا بَأْسَ.

12. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan from ‘Amr ibn Sa‘id from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah from ‘Ammar ibn Musa who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who is in the state of Ihram and has itches that irritate him. He (the Imam) said, ‘He can scratch it and if it bleeds it is not harmful.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 3, Chapter 99