Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains Ill for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ الْكِنَانِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنْ رَجُلٍ نَسِيَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ عِنْدَ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فِي طَوَافِ الْحَجِّ وَالْعُمْرَةِ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ بِالْبَلَدِ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ عِنْدَ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فَإِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ وَاتَّخِذُوا مِنْ مَقامِ إِبْراهِيمَ مُصَلًّى وَإِنْ كَانَ قَدِ ارْتَحَلَ فَلا آمُرُهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from abu al-Sabbah al-Kinaniy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who forgets to perform the two Rak‘at Salat (prayer) after Tawaf of al-Hajj or al-‘Umrah near Maqam (station) of Ibrahim ‘Alayhi al-Salam. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he is in town he must perform the two Rak‘at near Maqam (station) of Ibrahim ‘Alayhi al-Salam, because Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, says “Take Maqam (station) of Ibrahim ‘Alayhi al-Salam, as the place for Salat (prayer),” but if he has left the town then I do not command him to return.”’ 

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ وَصَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) رَجُلٌ نَسِيَ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ خَلْفَ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ حَتَّى ارْتَحَلَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ قَالَ فَلْيُصَلِّهِمَا حَيْثُ ذَكَرَ وَإِذْ ذَكَرَهُمَا وَهُوَ فِي الْبَلَدِ فَلا يَبْرَحْ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَهُمَا.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr and from Safwan ibn Yahya from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who forgets the two Rak‘at Salat (prayer) behind Maqam (station) of Ibrahim ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and does not remember until he leaves Makkah. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must perform them when he remembers. If he remembers when he still is in the town, he must not leave before performing the two Rak‘at Salat (prayer).”’ 

3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فِي رَجُلٍ طَافَ طَوَافَ الْفَرِيضَةِ وَلَمْ يُصَلِّ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى طَافَ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ ثُمَّ طَافَ طَوَافَ النِّسَاءِ وَلَمْ يُصَلِّ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى ذَكَرَ بِالأَبْطَحِ فَصَلَّى أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ قَالَ يَرْجِعُ فَيُصَلِّي عِنْدَ الْمَقَامِ أَرْبَعاً.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who does not perform the two Rak‘at Salat (prayer) after obligatory Tawaf until he performs Tawaf (Sa‘y) between al-Safa’ and al-Marwah. He then performs Tawaf al-Nisa’ and does not perform the two Rak‘at Salat (prayer) until he remembers it in al-Abtah; then he performs four Rak‘at. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must return and perform Salat (prayer) near Maqam (station) of Ibrahim ‘Alayhi al-Salam.”’ 

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى قَالَ نَسِيتُ رَكْعَتَيِ الطَّوَافِ خَلْفَ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) حَتَّى انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى مِنًى فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَصَلَّيْتُهُمَا فَذَكَرْنَا ذَلِكَ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فَقَالَ أَلاَّ صَلاَّهُمَا حَيْثُ ذَكَرَ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Flisham ibn al-Muthanna’ who has said the following: “I once forgot the two Rak‘at Salat (prayer) after Tawaf near Maqam (station) of Ibrahim ‘Alayhi al- Salam, until I reached Mina’, then I returned to Makkah and performed the two Rak‘at. We then mentioned it to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and he (the Imam) said, ‘He could have performed them where he remembered.’” 

5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ طَافَ طَوَافَ الْفَرِيضَةِ وَنَسِيَ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى طَافَ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ قَالَ يُعَلِّمُ ذَلِكَ الْمَوْضِعَ ثُمَّ يَعُودُ فَيُصَلِّي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ يَعُودُ إِلَى مَكَانِهِ.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: “A man performs obligatory Tawaf but he forgets the two Rak‘at Salat (prayer) until his performing Tawaf (Sa‘y) between al-Safa’ and al-Marwah. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘He must mark the place and then go back to perform the two Rak‘at and return to his place where he had left to complete it.’” 

6ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْعَلاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما السَّلاَم) قَالَ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ طَافَ طَوَافَ الْفَرِيضَةِ وَلَمْ يُصَلِّ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى طَافَ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ وَطَافَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ طَوَافَ النِّسَاءِ وَلَمْ يُصَلِّ أَيْضاً لِذَلِكَ الطَّوَافِ حَتَّى ذَكَرَ بِالأَبْطَحِ قَالَ يَرْجِعُ إِلَى مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فَيُصَلِّي.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn, from Safwan ibn Yahya from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about a man who performs an obligatory Tawaf but he does not perform the two Rak‘at Salat (prayer). He then performs Tawaf (Sa‘y) between al-Safa’ and al-Marwah and Tawaf al-Nisa’, but does not perform the two Rak‘at Salat (prayer) after this also, until he remembers in al-Abtah. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must return to Maqam (station) of Ibrahim ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and perform Salat (prayer).’” 

7ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ فَطَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ وَقَدْ عَلَّمْنَاهُ كَيْفَ يُصَلِّي فَنَسِيَ فَقَعَدَ حَتَّى غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ ثُمَّ رَأَى النَّاسَ يَطُوفُونَ فَقَامَ فَطَافَ طَوَافاً آخَرَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ لِطَوَافِ الْفَرِيضَةِ فَقَالَ جَاهِلٌ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‏ءٌ.

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Ali ibn abu Hamzah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about a man who enters Makkah after al ‘Asr. He then performs Tawaf (walking around the House) and we had taught him how to perform Salat (prayer) but he forgets and sits until sunset. He then sees people performing Tawaf. He then performs another Tawaf before performing the two Rak‘at for an obligatory Tawaf. He (the Imam) asked, ‘Is he ignorant?’ I replied, ‘Yes, he is ignorant.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He is not obligated for anything in this matter.’” 

8ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ زَعْلانَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ بَشَّارٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى وَحَنَانٍ قَالا طُفْنَا بِالْبَيْتِ طَوَافَ النِّسَاءِ وَنَسِينَا الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ فَلَمَّا صِرْنَا بِمِنًى ذَكَرْنَاهُمَا فَأَتَيْنَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فَسَأَلْنَاهُ فَقَالَ صَلِّيَاهُمَا بِمِنًى. 

8. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn al-Za’lan from al-Husayn ibn Bashshar from Hisham ibn al- Muthanna’ and Hanan who have said the following: “We performed Tawaf al-Nisa’ around the House but forgot the two Rak‘at Salat (prayer). When we arrived in Mina’, we remembered the two Rak‘at Salat (prayer). We then went to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and asked him about it. He (the Imam) said, ‘You must perform them in Mina’.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 3, Chapter 138