Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains Ill for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْيَمَانِيِّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) إِذَا أَهَلَّ هِلالَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ وَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ اللهمَّ أَهِلَّهُ عَلَيْنَا بِالأَمْنِ وَالإِيمَانِ وَالسَّلامَةِ وَالإِسْلامِ وَالْعَافِيَةِ الْمُجَلِّلَةِ وَالرِّزْقِ الْوَاسِعِ وَدَفْعِ الأَسْقَامِ اللهمَّ ارْزُقْنَا صِيَامَهُ وَقِيَامَهُ وَتِلاوَةَ الْقُرْآنِ فِيهِ اللهمَّ سَلِّمْهُ لَنَا وَتَسَلَّمْهُ مِنَّا وَسَلِّمْنَا فِيهِ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Ibrahim ibn ‘Umar al-Yamaniy from ‘Amr ibn Shamir from Jabir who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, upon seeing the crescent of the month of Ramadan, would turn toward the Ka‘bah, raise his hands and say, “O Lord, make it (new moon) a month of peace, belief, safety, submission to the will of Allah, good health with rain, abundant sustenance and without illnesses. O Lord, grant us the opportunity to fast during this month, perform salat (prayer) and recite the Holy Quran. O Lord, give it to us with safety, take it back from us with safety, and grant us protection therein.’”” 

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مُوسَى السَّابَاطِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) إِذَا كَانَ أَوَّلُ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقُلِ اللهمَّ رَبَّ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَمُنْزِلَ الْقُرْآنِ هَذَا شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلْتَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنَ وَأَنْزَلْتَ فِيهِ آيَاتٍ بَيِّنَاتٍ مِنَ الْهُدَى وَالْفُرْقَانِ اللهمَّ ارْزُقْنَا صِيَامَهُ وَأَعِنَّا عَلَى قِيَامِهِ اللهمَّ سَلِّمْهُ لَنَا وَسَلِّمْنَا فِيهِ وَتَسَلَّمْهُ مِنَّا فِي يُسْرٍ مِنْكَ وَمُعَافَاةٍ وَاجْعَلْ فِيمَا تَقْضِي وَتُقَدِّرُ مِنَ الأَمْرِ الْمَحْتُومِ فِيمَا يُفْرَقُ مِنَ الأَمْرِ الْحَكِيمِ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ مِنَ الْقَضَاءِ الَّذِي لا يُرَدُّ وَلا يُبَدَّلُ أَنْ تَكْتُبَنِي مِنْ حُجَّاجِ بَيْتِكَ الْحَرَامِ الْمَبْرُورِ حَجُّهُمْ الْمَشْكُورِ سَعْيُهُمْ الْمَغْفُورِ ذَنْبُهُمْ الْمُكَفَّرِ عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئَاتُهُمْ وَاجْعَلْ فِيمَا تَقْضِي وَتُقَدِّرُ أَنْ تُطِيلَ لِي فِي عُمُرِي وَتُوَسِّعَ عَلَيَّ مِنَ الرِّزْقِ الْحَلالِ.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad, from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan ibn Ali from ‘Amr ibn Sa‘id, from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah from ‘Ammar ibn Musa al-Sabatiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘In the first night of the month of Ramadan say the following: “O Lord of the month of Ramadan and the One who has revealed the Holy Quran! This is the month of Ramadan when You have revealed the Holy Quran. You have revealed in it clear signs for guidance and discernment. O Lord, grant us the opportunity to fast in this month and assist us to perform salat (prayer). O Lord, keep it safe for us, keep us safe therein, and take it back from us with ease and forgiveness. O Lord, in Your determination and measures of the inevitable matters and Your discernment of the matters of wisdom, during the night of al-Qadr (destiny), the determinations that will not be changed or altered, please write my name with those who perform Hajj around Your respected House. Please write my name with the names of those whose efforts are appreciated, whose sins are forgiven and bad deeds remedied. In Your measures and determination, please grant me long life and abundantly lawful sustenance.’”” 

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنِ الْعَبْدِ الصَّالِحِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ ادْعُ بِهَذَا الدُّعَاءِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ مُسْتَقْبِلَ دُخُولِ السَّنَةِ وَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ مَنْ دَعَا بِهِ مُحْتَسِباً مُخْلِصاً لَمْ تُصِبْهُ فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ فِتْنَةٌ وَلا آفَةٌ يُضَرُّ بِهَا دِينُهُ وَبَدَنُهُ وَوَقَاهُ الله عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ شَرَّ مَا يَأْتِي بِهِ تِلْكَ السَّنَةَ اللهمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِاسْمِكَ الَّذِي دَانَ لَهُ كُلُّ شَيْ‏ءٍ وَبِرَحْمَتِكَ الَّتِي وَسِعَتْ كُلَّ شَيْ‏ءٍ وَبِعِزَّتِكَ الَّتِي قَهَرْتَ بِهَا كُلَّ شَيْ‏ءٍ وَبِعَظَمَتِكَ الَّتِي تَوَاضَعَ لَهَا كُلُّ شَيْ‏ءٍ وَبِقُوَّتِكَ الَّتِي خَضَعَ لَهَا كُلُّ شَيْ‏ءٍ وَبِجَبَرُوتِكَ الَّتِي غَلَبَتْ كُلَّ شَيْ‏ءٍ وَبِعِلْمِكَ الَّذِي أَحَاطَ بِكُلِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ يَا نُورُ يَا قُدُّوسُ يَا أَوَّلُ قَبْلَ كُلِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ وَيَا بَاقِي بَعْدَ كُلِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ يَا الله يَا رَحْمَانُ يَا الله صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَاغْفِرْ لِيَ الذُّنُوبَ الَّتِي تُغَيِّرُ النِّعَمَ وَاغْفِرْ لِيَ الذُّنُوبَ الَّتِي تُنْزِلُ النِّقَمَ وَاغْفِرْ لِيَ الذُّنُوبَ الَّتِي تَقْطَعُ الرَّجَاءَ وَاغْفِرْ لِيَ الذُّنُوبَ الَّتِي تُدِيلُ الأَعْدَاءَ وَاغْفِرْ لِيَ الذُّنُوبَ الَّتِي تَرُدُّ الدُّعَاءَ وَاغْفِرْ لِيَ الذُّنُوبَ الَّتِي يُسْتَحَقُّ بِهَا نُزُولُ الْبَلاءِ وَاغْفِرْ لِيَ الذُّنُوبَ الَّتِي تَحْبِسُ غَيْثَ السَّمَاءِ وَاغْفِرْ لِيَ الذُّنُوبَ الَّتِي تَكْشِفُ الْغِطَاءَ وَاغْفِرْ لِيَ الذُّنُوبَ الَّتِي تُعَجِّلُ الْفَنَاءَ وَاغْفِرْ لِيَ الذُّنُوبَ الَّتِي تُورِثُ النَّدَمَ وَاغْفِرْ لِيَ الذُّنُوبَ الَّتِي تَهْتِكُ الْعِصَمَ وَأَلْبِسْنِي دِرْعَكَ الْحَصِينَةَ الَّتِي لا تُرَامُ وَعَافِنِي مِنْ شَرِّ مَا أُحَاذِرُ بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ فِي مُسْتَقْبِلِ سَنَتِي هَذِهِ اللهمَّ رَبَّ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعِ وَالأَرَضِينَ السَّبْعِ وَمَا فِيهِنَّ وَمَا بَيْنَهُنَّ وَرَبَّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ وَرَبَّ السَّبْعِ الْمَثَانِي وَالْقُرْآنِ الْعَظِيمِ وَرَبَّ إِسْرَافِيلَ وَمِيكَائِيلَ وَجَبْرَئِيلَ وَرَبَّ مُحَمَّدٍ (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَأَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ سَيِّدِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَخَاتَمِ النَّبِيِّينَ أَسْأَلُكَ بِكَ وَبِمَا سَمَّيْتَ يَا عَظِيمُ أَنْتَ الَّذِي تَمُنُّ بِالْعَظِيمِ وَتَدْفَعُ كُلَّ مَحْذُورٍ وَتُعْطِي كُلَّ جَزِيلٍ وَتُضَاعِفُ مِنَ الْحَسَنَاتِ بِالْقَلِيلِ وَالْكَثِيرِ وَتَفْعَلُ مَا تَشَاءُ يَا قَدِيرُ يَا الله يَا رَحْمَانُ يَا رَحِيمُ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَأَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَأَلْبِسْنِي فِي مُسْتَقْبِلِ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ سِتْرَكَ وَنَضِّرْ وَجْهِي بِنُورِكَ وَأَحِبَّنِي بِمَحَبَّتِكَ وَبَلِّغْنِي رِضْوَانَكَ وَشَرِيفَ كَرَامَتِكَ وَجَزِيلَ عَطَائِكَ مِنْ خَيْرِ مَا عِنْدَكَ وَمِنْ خَيْرِ مَا أَنْتَ مُعْطٍ أَحَداً مِنْ خَلْقِكَ وَأَلْبِسْنِي مَعَ ذَلِكَ عَافِيَتَكَ يَا مَوْضِعَ كُلِّ شَكْوَى وَيَا شَاهِدَ كُلِّ نَجْوَى وَيَا عَالِمَ كُلِّ خَفِيَّةٍ وَيَا دَافِعَ كُلِّ مَا تَشَاءُ مِنْ بَلِيَّةٍ يَا كَرِيمَ الْعَفْوِ يَا حَسَنَ التَّجَاوُزِ تَوَفَّنِي عَلَى مِلَّةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَفِطْرَتِهِ وَعَلَى دِينِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَسُنَّتِهِ وَعَلَى خَيْرِ وَفَاةٍ فَتَوَفَّنِي مُوَالِياً لأَوْلِيَائِكَ مُعَادِياً لأَعْدَائِكَ اللهمَّ وَجَنِّبْنِي فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ كُلَّ عَمَلٍ أَوْ قَوْلٍ أَوْ فِعْلٍ يُبَاعِدُنِي مِنْكَ وَاجْلِبْنِي إِلَى كُلِّ عَمَلٍ أَوْ قَوْلٍ أَوْ فِعْلٍ يُقَرِّبُنِي مِنْكَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ يَا أَرْحَمَ الرَّاحِمِينَ وَامْنَعْنِي مِنْ كُلِّ عَمَلٍ أَوْ فِعْلٍ أَوْ قَوْلٍ يَكُونُ مِنِّي أَخَافُ ضَرَرَ عَاقِبَتِهِ وَأَخَافُ مَقْتَكَ إِيَّايَ عَلَيْهِ حَذَراً أَنْ تَصْرِفَ وَجْهَكَ الْكَرِيمَ عَنِّي فَأَسْتَوْجِبَ بِهِ نَقْصاً مِنْ حَظٍّ لِي عِنْدَكَ يَا رَءُوفُ يَا رَحِيمُ اللهمَّ اجْعَلْنِي فِي مُسْتَقْبِلِ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ فِي حِفْظِكَ وَجِوَارِكَ وَكَنَفِكَ وَجَلِّلْنِي سِتْرَ عَافِيَتِكَ وَهَبْ لِي كَرَامَتَكَ عَزَّ جَارُكَ وَجَلَّ ثَنَاءُ وَجْهِكَ وَلا إِلَهَ غَيْرُكَ اللهمَّ اجْعَلْنِي تَابِعاً لِصَالِحِ مَنْ مَضَى مِنْ أَوْلِيَائِكَ وَأَلْحِقْنِي بِهِمْ وَاجْعَلْنِي مُسْلِماً لِمَنْ قَالَ بِالصِّدْقِ عَلَيْكَ مِنْهُمْ وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ يَا إِلَهِي أَنْ تُحِيطَ بِهِ خَطِيئَتِي وَظُلْمِي وَإِسْرَافِي عَلَى نَفْسِي وَاتِّبَاعِي لِهَوَايَ وَاشْتِغَالِي بِشَهَوَاتِي فَيَحُولَ ذَلِكَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ رَحْمَتِكَ وَرِضْوَانِكَ فَأَكُونَ مَنْسِيّاً عِنْدَكَ مُتَعَرِّضاً لِسَخَطِكَ وَنَقِمَتِكَ اللهمَّ وَفِّقْنِي لِكُلِّ عَمَلٍ صَالِحٍ تَرْضَى بِهِ عَنِّي وَقَرِّبْنِي بِهِ إِلَيْكَ زُلْفَى اللهمَّ كَمَا كَفَيْتَ نَبِيَّكَ مُحَمَّداً (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) هَوْلَ عَدُوِّهِ وَفَرَّجْتَ هَمَّهُ وَكَشَفْتَ غَمَّهُ وَصَدَقْتَهُ وَعْدَكَ وَأَنْجَزْتَ لَهُ مَوْعِدَكَ بِعَهْدِكَ اللهمَّ بِذَلِكَ فَاكْفِنِي هَوْلَ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ وَآفَاتِهَا وَأَسْقَامَهَا وَفِتْنَتَهَا وَشُرُورَهَا وَأَحْزَانَهَا وَضِيقَ الْمَعَاشِ فِيهَا وَبَلِّغْنِي بِرَحْمَتِكَ كَمَالَ الْعَافِيَةِ بِتَمَامِ دَوَامِ الْعَافِيَةِ وَالنِّعْمَةِ عِنْدِي إِلَى مُنْتَهَى أَجَلِي أَسْأَلُكَ سُؤَالَ مَنْ أَسَاءَ وَظَلَمَ وَاعْتَرَفَ وَأَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تَغْفِرَ لِي مَا مَضَى مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ الَّتِي حَصَرَتْهَا حَفَظَتُكَ وَأَحْصَتْهَا كِرَامُ مَلائِكَتِكَ عَلَيَّ وَأَنْ تَعْصِمَنِي إِلَهِي مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ فِيمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ عُمُرِي إِلَى مُنْتَهَى أَجَلِي يَا الله يَا رَحْمَانُ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَآتِنِي كُلَّ مَا سَأَلْتُكَ وَرَغِبْتُ إِلَيْكَ فِيهِ فَإِنَّكَ أَمَرْتَنِي بِالدُّعَاءِ وَتَكَفَّلْتَ لِي بِالإِجَابَةِ. 

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Mahbub from Ali ibn Ri’ab from ‘Abd al-Salih (a.s.), who has said the following: “Say the following prayer in the month of Ramadan to welcome the year. Whoever says this prayer, expecting reward for it (from Allah), and with sincerity, no illness or crisis will affect his religion or his body and Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, will protect him against all evil that may come in that year. ‘O Lord, I plead before You for help through Your name to which all things are close. I plead before You for help through Your kindness, which encompasses all things, through Your majesty with which You have subdued all things, through Your greatness before which all things express humbleness. I plead before You for help through Your power, before which all things are submissive, through the compelling power with which You are dominant over all things, and I plead before You for help through Your knowledge, which encompasses all things. O Light, O Holy, O the First before all things, O Ever Living after all things, O Allah, O Beneficent, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause and forgive my sins that change bounties. Forgive my sins, which bring upon me misfortune. Forgive my sins, which cutoff hope. Forgive my sins, which help enemies to dominate me. Forgive my sins because of which my prayers are rejected. Forgive my sins because of which I deserve to suffer by (heavenly) descending afflictions. Forgive my sins, which stop the rain from coming down from the sky. Forgive my sins, which uncover my privacy. Forgive my sins, which hasten the coming of destruction upon me. Forgive my sins, which make me regret; forgive my sins, which destroy innocence; and dress me with Your invincible shield at which no one is able to aim. Grant me protection against things of which I am afraid in the nights and days of the coming year. “0 Allah, Lord of the seven skies and seven earths and all that are between them, and Lord of the great Throne, Lord of seven (verses) read twice, Lord of the great Quran, Lord of Israfil, Michael, Gabriel and Lord of Muhammad and his family, master of the messengers, the seal of the prophets. I plead before you through Yourself and through that which is Your name. O the Great One who grants great favors and repels all difficulties, gives all appreciable matters, increases the virtuous matters because of very little deeds and a great many things, You do whatever You like. O powerful One, O Allah, O Beneficent, O Merciful, I plead before You to grant salawat (favors and compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause). Dress me during the remaining days of this year with Your covering. Dress my face with Your light, make me loveable through Your love, make me reach a status that will please You and Your honor and grace, Your appreciable favors of the best things with You and of the best rewards You bestow upon anyone of Your creatures. Dress me with good health from You. O the One before whom complaints are presented, I plead before You; O the One who is present during all secret conversations, I plead before You; O the One who has knowledge of all secret matters. O the One, who (has the power which) repels everything of the misfortune that You want to repel. I plead before You, O the One who forgives with grace. I plead before You, O the One who ignores shortcomings with goodness. Make me die as followers of the religion of Ibrahim and his discipline and in the religion of Muhammad following his noble tradition. Make me die in the best form of death. Make me die loving Your friends and as an enemy of Your enemies. “0 Allah, make me to stay away, during this year, from every deed, word or action that takes me away from You. O Allah, attract me toward every deed, word or action that takes me closer to You during this year. O Merciful, the Beneficent, stop me from doing every deed, act or saying any word whereby I fear harmful consequences and Your disliking, thereby turning Your face from me, and thereby I suffer a decrease in favors I can receive from You, O compassionate and merciful. “0 Allah, make me in the remaining days of this year to live in Your protection, neighborhood and shelter. Dress me with good health from You. Make Your grace to encompass me. Your neighborhood is valuable. Praise of Your face is glorious and no one besides You deserves worship. “ 0 Allah, make me a follower of the righteous people who lived before, of Your friends, and join me with them. Make me submissive to those who spoke the truth about You. I seek refuge with You, O my Lord, against being encompassed by my sins, my injustice, my excessive behavior against my soul, my following my desires and my lustful behavior which become a barrier between me and Your kindness, Your pleasure and thus I become forgotten in Your sight, exposed to Your displeasure and being despised. “ 0 Allah, grant me the opportunity to do such virtuous deeds with which You will be pleased and lead me closer to You in salvation. “ 0 Allah, just as you protected Your prophet, Muhammad (SAW), against fear from Your enemy, provided him ease, relieved him of his sadness, made your promise to come true for him, and Your appointment to take place. O Allah, in the same way protect me against frightening matters in this year and the misfortunes, illnesses, crisis, evils, sadness and financial constraints therein. Make me reach and enjoy through Your kindness perfect health, complete and continuous good health and bounties before me up to the time of my death. I appeal before You as one who has done injustice to himself and confessed his sins, and I appeal before You to forgive my sins in the past that Your keepers have listed and Your honorable scribes have counted against me. O Allah, grant me safety against sins in the remaining time of my life up to the time of my death. O Allah, O Beneficent, grant salawat (favors and compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause), and grant me my appeals for which I have expressed great hope before You. You have commanded me to appeal before You and have promised to grant my wishes.”’ 

4ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ مِسْكِينٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ شِمْرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) يَقُولُ كَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ الله عَلَيْهِ إِذَا أَهَلَّ هِلالَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ أَقْبَلَ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللهمَّ أَهِلَّهُ عَلَيْنَا بِالأَمْنِ وَالإِيمَانِ وَالسَّلامَةِ وَالإِسْلامِ وَالْعَافِيَةِ الْمُجَلِّلَةِ اللهمَّ ارْزُقْنَا صِيَامَهُ وَقِيَامَهُ وَتِلاوَةَ الْقُرْآنِ فِيهِ اللهمَّ سَلِّمْهُ لَنَا وَتَسَلَّمْهُ مِنَّا وَسَلِّمْنَا فِيهِ.

4. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ali ibn al-Husayn from Ali ibn Asbat from al-Hakam ibn Miskin who has said that narrated to us ‘Amr ibn Shimr who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say the following. ‘’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), when seeing the crescent of the month of Ramadan facing the direction of Makkah, would say, “O Lord, make it (new moon) a month of peace, belief, safety, submission to the will of Allah, good health with rain, abundant sustenance and without illnesses. O Lord, grant us the opportunity to fast during this month, perform salat (prayer) and recite the Holy Quran. O Lord, give it to us with safety, take it back from us with safety and grant us protection therein.’”” 

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا أَهَلَّ هِلالَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ اللهمَّ أَدْخِلْهُ عَلَيْنَا بِالسَّلامَةِ وَالإِسْلامِ وَالْيَقِينِ وَالإِيمَانِ وَالْبِرِّ وَالتَّوْفِيقِ لِمَا تُحِبُّ وَتَرْضَى.

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Isma’il ibn Marrar from Yunus from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Am mar who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), when looking at the crescent of the month of Ramadan would say, “0 Allah, bring it (the month of Ramadan) upon us with peace and submission (to Your will), certainty, belief, virtue and good opportunity for whatever You love and consent with.’” 

5ـ يُونُسُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِذَا حَضَرَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ فَقُلِ اللهمَّ قَدْ حَضَرَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَقَدِ افْتَرَضْتَ عَلَيْنَا صِيَامَهُ وَأَنْزَلْتَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنَ هُدًى لِلنَّاسِ وَبَيِّنَاتٍ مِنَ الْهُدَى وَالْفُرْقَانِ اللهمَّ أَعِنَّا عَلَى صِيَامِهِ اللهمَّ تَقَبَّلْهُ مِنَّا وَسَلِّمْنَا فِيهِ وَتَسَلَّمْهُ مِنَّا فِي يُسْرٍ مِنْكَ وَعَافِيَةٍ إِنَّكَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ قَدِيرٌ يَا أَرْحَمَ الرَّاحِمِينَ.

6. Yunus has narrated from Ali ibn abu Hamzah, from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when the month of Ramadan begins, say this, ‘O Allah, the month of Ramadan has begun and You have made it obligatory upon us to fast during this month. You have revealed Your book in it as guidance for people, as the most clear guidance and means of discernment (between right and wrong). O Allah, help us to fast during this month. O Allah, accept it from us, grant us protection therein, receive it back from us with ease and good health. You have power over all things, O most Merciful, most Beneficent.’” 

6ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ وَالْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ سَعْدَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ كَانَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) يَدْعُو بِهَذَا الدُّعَاءِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اللهمَّ إِنِّي بِكَ أَتَوَسَّلُ وَمِنْكَ أَطْلُبُ حَاجَتِي مَنْ طَلَبَ حَاجَةً إِلَى النَّاسِ فَإِنِّي لا أَطْلُبُ حَاجَتِي إِلاَّ مِنْكَ وَحْدَكَ لا شَرِيكَ لَكَ وَأَسْأَلُكَ بِفَضْلِكَ وَرِضْوَانِكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَأَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِي فِي عَامِي هَذَا إِلَى بَيْتِكَ الْحَرَامِ سَبِيلاً حَجَّةً مَبْرُورَةً مُتَقَبَّلَةً زَاكِيَةً خَالِصَةً لَكَ تُقِرُّ بِهَا عَيْنِي وَتَرْفَعُ بِهَا دَرَجَتِي وَتَرْزُقُنِي أَنْ أَغُضَّ بَصَرِي وَأَنْ أَحْفَظَ فَرْجِي وَأَنْ أَكُفَّ بِهَا عَنْ جَمِيعِ مَحَارِمِكَ حَتَّى لا يَكُونَ شَيْ‏ءٌ آثَرَ عِنْدِي مِنْ طَاعَتِكَ وَخَشْيَتِكَ وَالْعَمَلِ بِمَا أَحْبَبْتَ وَالتَّرْكِ لِمَا كَرِهْتَ وَنَهَيْتَ عَنْهُ وَاجْعَلْ ذَلِكَ فِي يُسْرٍ وَيَسَارٍ وَعَافِيَةٍ وَأَوْزِعْنِي شُكْرَ مَا أَنْعَمْتَ بِهِ عَلَيَّ وَأَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ وَفَاتِي قَتْلاً فِي سَبِيلِكَ تَحْتَ رَايَةِ نَبِيِّكَ مَعَ أَوْلِيَائِكَ وَأَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تَقْتُلَ بِي أَعْدَاءَكَ وَأَعْدَاءَ رَسُولِكَ وَأَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ تُكْرِمَنِي بِهَوَانِ مَنْ شِئْتَ مِنْ خَلْقِكَ وَلا تُهِنِّي بِكَرَامَةِ أَحَدٍ مِنْ أَوْلِيَائِكَ اللهمَّ اجْعَلْ لِي مَعَ الرَّسُولِ سَبِيلاً حَسْبِيَ الله مَا شَاءَ الله.

7. Ali has narrated from his father, from Isma‘il ibn Marrar from Yunus from Ibrahim from Muhammad ibn Muslim and al-Husayn ibn Muhammad from Ahmad ibn Ishaq from Sa‘dan from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), would say this prayer during the month of Ramadan, ‘O Allah, I seek help from You and ask You for my needs. There are those who ask people for their needs, but I ask only You for my needs. You are (the only Lord). You have no partners. I ask You through Your generosity and Your pleasure to grant salawat (favors and compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause). Make it possible for me this year to visit Your respected House to perform a virtuous, accepted Hajj performed clean and purely for You. Make my eyes delighted and my position raised. Grant me the opportunity to control my eyes, my private parts from unlawful activities, and to stay away from unlawful matters, so that no other thing will be more preferable to me than obedience to You, humbleness before You, to act upon what You love, to stay away from what You dislike and whatever you have prohibited. Make this possible for me with ease and comfort and in good health. Grant me the ability to thank You for Your bounties You have given me. I appeal to You to make my death one of being murdered for Your cause, under the banner of Your prophet along with Your friends. I appeal before You to do away through me with Your enemies and the enemies of Your messenger. I appeal before You to grant me honor by humiliating whoever of Your creatures You like, but not through humiliating of any of Your friends. O Allah, make me to follow the path of Your messenger. Allah is sufficient for me in whatever Allah wants.”’ 

7ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ رِجَالِهِ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ (عَلَيْهِما السَّلاَم) كَانَ يَدْعُو بِهَذَا الدُّعَاءِ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ اللهمَّ إِنَّ هَذَا شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَهَذَا شَهْرُ الصِّيَامِ وَهَذَا شَهْرُ الإِنَابَةِ وَهَذَا شَهْرُ التَّوْبَةِ وَهَذَا شَهْرُ الْمَغْفِرَةِ وَالرَّحْمَةِ وَهَذَا شَهْرُ الْعِتْقِ مِنَ النَّارِ وَالْفَوْزِ بِالْجَنَّةِ اللهمَّ فَسَلِّمْهُ لِي وَتَسَلَّمْهُ مِنِّي وَأَعِنِّي عَلَيْهِ بِأَفْضَلِ عَوْنِكَ وَوَفِّقْنِي فِيهِ لِطَاعَتِكَ وَفَرِّغْنِي فِيهِ لِعِبَادَتِكَ وَدُعَائِكَ وَتِلاوَةِ كِتَابِكَ وَأَعْظِمْ لِي فِيهِ الْبَرَكَةَ وَأَحْسِنْ لِي فِيهِ الْعَاقِبَةَ وَأَصِحَّ لِي فِيهِ بَدَنِي وَأَوْسِعْ فِيهِ رِزْقِي وَاكْفِنِي فِيهِ مَا أَهَمَّنِي وَاسْتَجِبْ لِي فِيهِ دُعَائِي وَبَلِّغْنِي فِيهِ رَجَائِي اللهمَّ أَذْهِبْ عَنِّي فِيهِ النُّعَاسَ وَالْكَسَلَ وَالسَّأْمَةَ وَالْفَتْرَةَ وَالْقَسْوَةَ وَالْغَفْلَةَ وَالْغِرَّةَ اللهمَّ جَنِّبْنِي فِيهِ الْعِلَلَ وَالأَسْقَامَ وَالْهُمُومَ وَالأَحْزَانَ وَالأَعْرَاضَ وَالأَمْرَاضَ وَالْخَطَايَا وَالذُّنُوبَ وَاصْرِفْ عَنِّي فِيهِ السُّوءَ وَالْفَحْشَاءَ وَالْجَهْدَ وَالْبَلاءَ وَالتَّعَبَ وَالْعَنَاءَ إِنَّكَ سَمِيعُ الدُّعَاءِ اللهمَّ أَعِذْنِي فِيهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ وَهَمْزِهِ وَلَمْزِهِ وَنَفْثِهِ وَنَفْخِهِ وَوَسْوَاسِهِ وَكَيْدِهِ وَمَكْرِهِ وَحِيَلِهِ وَأَمَانِيِّهِ وَخُدَعِهِ وَغُرُورِهِ وَفِتْنَتِهِ وَرَجْلِهِ وَشَرَكِهِ وَأَعْوَانِهِ وَأَتْبَاعِهِ وَأَخْدَانِهِ وَأَشْيَاعِهِ وَأَوْلِيَائِهِ وَشُرَكَائِهِ وَجَمِيعِ كَيْدِهِمْ اللهمَّ ارْزُقْنِي فِيهِ تَمَامَ صِيَامِهِ وَبُلُوغَ الأَمَلِ فِي قِيَامِهِ وَاسْتِكْمَالَ مَا يُرْضِيكَ فِيهِ صَبْراً وَإِيمَاناً وَيَقِيناً وَاحْتِسَاباً ثُمَّ تَقَبَّلْ ذَلِكَ مِنَّا بِالأَضْعَافِ الْكَثِيرَةِ وَالأَجْرِ الْعَظِيمِ اللهمَّ ارْزُقْنِي فِيهِ الْجِدَّ وَالاجْتِهَادَ وَالْقُوَّةَ وَالنَّشَاطَ وَالإِنَابَةَ وَالتَّوْبَةَ وَالرَّغْبَةَ وَالرَّهْبَةَ وَالْجَزَعَ وَالرِّقَّةَ وَصِدْقَ اللِّسَانِ وَالْوَجَلَ مِنْكَ وَالرَّجَاءَ لَكَ وَالتَّوَكُّلَ عَلَيْكَ وَالثِّقَةَ بِكَ وَالْوَرَعَ عَنْ مَحَارِمِكَ بِصَالِحِ الْقَوْلِ وَمَقْبُولِ السَّعْيِ وَمَرْفُوعِ الْعَمَلِ وَمُسْتَجَابِ الدُّعَاءِ وَلا تَحُلْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ شَيْ‏ءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ بِعَرَضٍ وَلا مَرَضٍ وَلا هَمٍّ وَلا غَمٍّ بِرَحْمَتِكَ يَا أَرْحَمَ الرَّاحِمِينَ.

8. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ali ibn al-Husayn from Ja’far ibn Muhammad from Afi ibn Asbat from ‘Abd af-Rahman ibn Bashir from certain individuais of his people who has said the following: “Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.), would say this prayer every day during the month of Ramadan, ‘O Allah, this is the month of Ramadan and the month of fasting. It is the month of prayer and repentance. It is the month of forgiveness and mercy. It is the month of freedom from hellfire, and the month to gain Paradise. O Allah, give it to me and accept it from me, help me in it with the best of Your help. Grant me the opportunity during this month to obey You. Provide me with time to worship You, pray to You and recite Your book. Grant me in this month great blessings, good consequences, good health to my body and abundant sustenance. (O Allah,) suffice me in what is important to me, accept my prayers and make my wishes come true. O Allah, remove from me during this month slumbering, laziness, lack of interest, lack of energy, hard heartedness, negligence and being deceived. O Allah, keep me from illnesses, disease, anxiety, sadness, incidents, sicknesses, mistakes and sins. Keep away from me evil things, disgrace, strenuousness, misfortune, tiredness and exhaustion; You hear all prayers. O Allah, grant me protection against Satan, the condemned one by stoning, and against his temptations and whispers, evil words and expressions, seductions, evil plans, cunning and wicked devices, falsehopes, deceptions, misleading, chaotic deeds of his helpers on foot, his partners, helpers, followers, friends, his associates, friends, companions, and all of his evil plans. O Allah, grant me the opportunity to complete fasting therein, to achieve my wishes to worship during the nights therein, to complete what will please You. Grant me patience, belief, certainty and expectation of good rewards from You during this month. Accept this from us with many multiples and great reward. O Allah, grant me the ability to strive, to work hard with energy and vitality, to pray wholeheartedly, to repent with interest and fear, to express great concerns tenderheartedly with truthfulness and fear of You and having hope in You, to leave matters with You and trust You. (O Allah, help us to) refrain (stay away from sins) from prohibited matters with virtuous words, accepted efforts, high degree deeds, and accepted prayers; do not allow anything to come between us and any such matters in the form of incidents, illnesses, anxieties, and sadness through Your mercy, O most Merciful and most Beneficent.’” 

8ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْهِلالَ فَلا تَبْرَحْ وَقُلِ اللهمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَ هَذَا الشَّهْرِ وَفَتْحَهُ وَنُورَهُ وَنَصْرَهُ وَبَرَكَتَهُ وَطَهُورَهُ وَرِزْقَهُ وَأَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَ مَا فِيهِ وَخَيْرَ مَا بَعْدَهُ وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا فِيهِ وَشَرِّ مَا بَعْدَهُ اللهمَّ أَدْخِلْهُ عَلَيْنَا بِالأَمْنِ وَالإِيمَانِ وَالسَّلامَةِ وَالإِسْلامِ وَالْبَرَكَةِ وَالتَّوْفِيقِ لِمَا تُحِبُّ وَتَرْضَى. 

9. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ya’qub ibn Yazid from Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Nawfaliy from al-Husayn ibn al-Mukhtar in a marfu‘ manner who has said the following: “’Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘When you see the crescent of the month of Ramadan, say this without fail, “O Allah, I appeal before You for the best of this month, its relief, light, support, blessings, cleanliness and sustenance. I appeal before You for all the good in it and thereafter. I seek refuge with You against the evil therein and thereafter. O Allah, send it to us with peace, belief, protection, Islam, blessings and good opportunities to do what You love and approve.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 2, Chapter 5