Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains Ill for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَأَبِي عَبْدِ الله صَلَوَاتُ الله عَلَيْهِمَا قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُمَا عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَرِضَ فَلَمْ يَصُمْ حَتَّى أَدْرَكَهُ رَمَضَانٌ آخَرُ فَقَالا إِنْ كَانَ بَرَأَ ثُمَّ تَوَانَى قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدْرِكَهُ رَمَضَانُ الآخَرِ صَامَ الَّذِي أَدْرَكَهُ وَتَصَدَّقَ عَنْ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِمُدٍّ مِنْ طَعَامٍ عَلَى مِسْكِينٍ وَعَلَيْهِ قَضَاؤُهُ وَإِنْ كَانَ لَمْ يَزَلْ مَرِيضاً حَتَّى أَدْرَكَهُ رَمَضَانٌ آخَرُ صَامَ الَّذِي أَدْرَكَهُ وَتَصَدَّقَ عَنِ الأَوَّلِ لِكُلِّ يَوْمٍ مُدّاً عَلَى مِسْكِينٍ وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاؤُهُ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked one of the two Imam, abu Ja‘far, or abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about a patient who does not fast until the next month of Ramadan. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he became well but due to laziness did not fast before the next month of Ramadan, he must fast that (month of Ramadan) in which he is and pay a ransom of one mud of food to a destitute person and make Qada’ (compensatory fast) for what is missed. If he remains ill until the next month of Ramadan, he fasts during that which he can fast and pays a ransom of one mud of food to a destitute for what he has missed before. He is not obligated for any Qada’ (compensatory fasting) for what he has missed because of illness.”’ 

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فِي الرَّجُلِ يَمْرَضُ فَيُدْرِكُهُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَيَخْرُجُ عَنْهُ وَهُوَ مَرِيضٌ وَلا يَصِحُّ حَتَّى يُدْرِكَهُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانٍ آخَرُ قَالَ يَتَصَدَّقُ عَنِ الأَوَّلِ وَيَصُومُ الثَّانِيَ فَإِنْ كَانَ صَحَّ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمَا وَلَمْ يَصُمْ حَتَّى أَدْرَكَهُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانٍ آخَرُ صَامَهُمَا جَمِيعاً وَيَتَصَدَّقُ عَنِ الأَوَّلِ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from all Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Jamil from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about a man who is ill. The month of Ramadan comes and he remains ill until the next month of Ramadan. He (the Imam) said, ‘He pays charity for the first month of Ramadan and fasts the second month of Ramadan. If in between he had become well but did not fast until the next month of Ramadan, he fasts for both and pays charity for the first month of Ramadan.’” 

3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ فُضَيْلٍ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ الْكِنَانِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ طَائِفَةٌ ثُمَّ أَدْرَكَهُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانٍ قَابِلٌ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَصُومَ وَأَنْ يُطْعِمَ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مِسْكِيناً فَإِنْ كَانَ مَرِيضاً فِيمَا بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى أَدْرَكَهُ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانٍ قَابِلٌ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ إِلاَّ الصِّيَامُ إِنْ صَحَّ وَإِنْ تَتَابَعَ الْمَرَضُ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمْ يَصِحَّ فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُطْعِمَ لِكُلِّ يَوْمٍ مِسْكِيناً. 

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il from Muhammad ibn Fudayl from abu al-Sabbah al-Kinaniy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who owes several days of fasting of the month of Ramadan and the next month of Ramadan comes. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to fast and feed one destitute for every day. If he had remained ill in between until the next month of Ramadan, he only owes fasting if he becomes well, but if illness continues and he does not become well, he is required to feed one destitute for every day.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 2, Chapter 40