Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains Ill for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ احْتَلَمَ أَوَّلَ اللَّيْلِ أَوْ أَصَابَ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ ثُمَّ نَامَ مُتَعَمِّداً فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ قَالَ يُتِمُّ صَوْمَهُ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ يَقْضِيهِ إِذَا أَفْطَرَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَيَسْتَغْفِرُ رَبَّهُ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who experiences a wet dream during the night in the month of Ramadan or has sexual intercourse with his wife; then goes to sleep intentionally in the month of Ramadan until the morning. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to complete that fast and make its Qada’ (compensatory fast) if he invalidates the fast of the month of Ramadan. He must ask his Lord for forgiveness.’” 

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنِ الْعَلاءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما السَّلاَم) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُصِيبُ الْجَارِيَةَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ يَنَامُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ قَالَ يُتِمُّ صَوْمَهُ وَيَقْضِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَسْتَيْقِظَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَطْلُعَ الْفَجْرُ فَإِنِ انْتَظَرَ مَاءً يُسَخَّنُ أَوْ يَسْتَقِي فَطَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ فَلا يَقْضِي يَوْمَهُ.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked one of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about a man who approaches the slave-girl in the month of Ramadan; then goes to sleep without Ghusl (bath). He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to complete that fast and fast its Qada’ (compensatory fast), unless he wakes up before dawn and waits to warm up the water or looks for water but it becomes dawn then there is no Qada’ (compensatory fast) upon him.’” 

3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُجْنِبُ ثُمَّ يَنَامُ حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ أَ يَصُومُ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ تَطَوُّعاً فَقَالَ أَ لَيْسَ هُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ نِصْفِ النَّهَارِ قَالَ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَحْتَلِمُ بِالنَّهَارِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ يُتِمُّ صَوْمَهُ كَمَا هُوَ فَقَالَ لا بَأْسَ.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who experiences sexual relation (because of which Ghusl (bath) is obligatory); then goes to sleep until the morning, if he can fast that day an optional fast. He (the Imam) said, ‘Up till midday it is up to his choosing.’ I then asked about a man who experiences wet dream during the day in the month of Ramadan; if he completes his fast as it is. He (the Imam) said, ‘It (completing) is not harmful.’” 

4ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ قَالَ كَتَبَ أَبِي إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) وَكَانَ يَقْضِي شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ وَقَالَ إِنِّي أَصْبَحْتُ بِالْغُسْلِ وَأَصَابَتْنِي جَنَابَةٌ فَلَمْ أَغْتَسِلْ حَتَّى طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ فَأَجَابَهُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) لا تَصُمْ هَذَا الْيَوْمَ وَصُمْ غَداً.

4. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from al-Hajjal from ibn Sinan who has said the following: “My father, once, when doing Qada’ (compensatory fast) of the fast of the month of Ramadan, wrote to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and asked, ‘I, up till the morning, had Ghusl (bath); then experienced sexual relation (because of which Ghusl (bath) is obligatory) and I did not do Ghusl (bath) until it was dawn. He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not fast that day, fast the next day.’” 

5ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُجْنِبُ بِاللَّيْلِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَنَسِيَ أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ حَتَّى يَمْضِيَ بِذَلِكَ جُمْعَةٌ أَوْ يَخْرُجَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاءُ الصَّلاةِ وَالصَّوْمِ. 

5. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from Ali ibn Ri’ab from Ibrahim ibn Maymun who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who experiences sexual relation (because of which Ghusl (bath) is obligatory) during the night in the month of Ramadan and forgets Ghusl (bath) for a whole week or the whole month of Ramadan. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to make Qada’ (compensatory fast) Salat (prayer) and the fast.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 2, Chapter 24