1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ بُنِيَ الإِسْلامُ عَلَى خَمْسَةِ أَشْيَاءَ عَلَى الصَّلاةِ وَالزَّكَاةِ وَالْحَجِّ وَالصَّوْمِ وَالْوَلايَةِ وَقَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) الصَّوْمُ جُنَّةٌ مِنَ النَّارِ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim ibn Hashim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Islam is founded on five isssues. It is founded on Salat (prayer), zakat, al-Hajj, Fasting and al-Wilayat (belief in Divine Authority of ’A’immah). The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Fasting is a shield against the fire of hell.”

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله عَنْ آبَائِهِ (عَلَيْهِم السَّلاَم) أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) قَالَ لأَصْحَابِهِ أَ لا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِشَيْ‏ءٍ إِنْ أَنْتُمْ فَعَلْتُمُوهُ تَبَاعَدَ الشَّيْطَانُ مِنْكُمْ كَمَا تَبَاعَدَ الْمَشْرِقُ مِنَ الْمَغْرِبِ قَالُوا بَلَى قَالَ الصَّوْمُ يُسَوِّدُ وَجْهَهُ وَالصَّدَقَةُ تَكْسِرُ ظَهْرَهُ وَالْحُبُّ فِي الله وَالْمُوَازَرَةُ عَلَى الْعَمَلِ الصَّالِحِ يَقْطَعُ دَابِرَهُ وَالاسْتِغْفَارُ يَقْطَعُ وَتِينَهُ وَلِكُلِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ زَكَاةٌ وَزَكَاةُ الأَبْدَانِ الصِّيَامُ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father, from ‘ Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from Isma‘il ibn abu Ziyad who have said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, has narrated from his ancestors, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, who have stated this Hadith. ‘Once, the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, asked his companions, ‘Should I tell you something which, if you do it, will keep Satan away from you as far as east and west?’ They replied, ‘Please do so.’ The Holy Prophet said, ‘Fasting turns Satan’s face black, charity breaks his back, love for the sake of Allah and supporting good deeds cuts off his tail (followers), and asking forgiveness cuts off his artery. Everything has a zakat (cleanser). Zakat of the bodies is fasting.’”

3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) أَ لا أُخْبِرُكَ بِأَصْلِ الإِسْلامِ وَفَرْعِهِ وَذِرْوَتِهِ وَسَنَامِهِ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ أَصْلُهُ الصَّلاةُ وَفَرْعُهُ الزَّكَاةُ وَذِرْوَتُهُ وَسَنَامُهُ الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ الله أَ لا أُخْبِرُكَ بِأَبْوَابِ الْخَيْرِ إِنَّ الصَّوْمَ جُنَّةٌ.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ibn Faddal from Tha’labah from Ali ibn ‘Abd al-‘Aziz who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, once asked me, ‘Should I tell you what the root, the branch, the peak and the highest point of Islam is?’ I replied, ‘Please, do so.’ He said, ‘The root of Islam is salat (prayer), its branch is zakat, and its peak and highest point is al-Jihad in the way of Allah. Should I tell you about the doors to goodness? Fasting certainly is a shield.’”

4ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ قَالَ لِكُلِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ زَكَاةٌ وَزَكَاةُ الأَجْسَادِ الصَّوْمُ.

4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Musa ibn Bakr who has said the following: “He (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, said, ‘Everything has a cleanser; the cleanser for bodies is fasting.”

5ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ أَبِي إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَصُومُ يَوْماً تَطَوُّعاً يُرِيدُ مَا عِنْدَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَيُدْخِلُهُ الله بِهِ الْجَنَّةَ.

5. Muhammad ibn Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Uthman from Isma‘il ibn Yasar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘My father has said, “When a person completes a day of optional fasting for the sake of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, Allah admits him in Paradise.’””

6ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ صَاحِبِ السَّابِرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِنَّ الله تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى يَقُولُ الصَّوْمُ لِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي عَلَيْهِ.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Salamah, Sahib al-Sabiriy from abu al-Sabbah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that Allah, the most Blessed, the most High, has said, ‘Fasting is for Me, and I reward for it.’”

7ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فِي قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَاسْتَعِينُوا بِالصَّبْرِ قَالَ الصَّبْرُ الصِّيَامُ وَقَالَ إِذَا نَزَلَتْ بِالرَّجُلِ النَّازِلَةُ وَالشَّدِيدَةُ فَلْيَصُمْ فَإِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ وَاسْتَعِينُوا بِالصَّبْرِ يَعْنِي الصِّيَامَ.

7. Ali has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Sulayman from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: “This is about the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, ‘Seek support through patience.’ (2:45) Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘“Patience” is a reference to fasting.’ He further said, ‘If a man faces severe difficulties, he should fast. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has said, “Seek support through patience,” that is, “fasting.””’

8ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مُنْذِرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ ظَبْيَانَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) مَنْ صَامَ لله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَوْماً فِي شِدَّةِ الْحَرِّ فَأَصَابَهُ ظَمَأٌ وَكَّلَ الله بِهِ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ يَمْسَحُونَ وَجْهَهُ وَيُبَشِّرُونَهُ حَتَّى إِذَا أَفْطَرَ قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَهُ مَا أَطْيَبَ رِيحَكَ وَرَوْحَكَ مَلائِكَتِي اشْهَدُوا أَنِّي قَدْ غَفَرْتُ لَهُ.

8. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad, from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Mundhir ibn Yazid from Yunus ibn Zabayan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one, for the sake of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, fasts on a very hot day, causing him to experience a great deal of thirst, Allah assigns a thousand angels for his safety who wipe his face until he discontinues his fast.’ Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, then says, ‘How fine is your fragrance and spirit! O My angels, bear witness that I have granted him forgiveness.’”

9ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ طَلْحَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) الصَّائِمُ فِي عِبَادَةٍ وَإِنْ كَانَ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ مَا لَمْ يَغْتَبْ مُسْلِماً.

9. Ahmad ibn Idris has narrated from Muhammad ibn Hassan from Muhammad ibn Ali from Ali ibn al-Nu’man from ‘Abd Allah ibn Talhah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘A fasting person, even when resting in bed, is in the state of worshipping as long as he does not backbite a Muslim.’”

10ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ مَنْ كَتَمَ صَوْمَهُ قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لِمَلائِكَتِهِ عَبْدِي اسْتَجَارَ مِنْ عَذَابِي فَأَجِيرُوهُ وَوَكَّلَ الله تَعَالَى مَلائِكَتَهُ بِالدُّعَاءِ لِلصَّائِمِينَ وَلَمْ يَأْمُرْهُمْ بِالدُّعَاءِ لأَحَدٍ إِلاَّ اسْتَجَابَ لَهُمْ فِيهِ.

10. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father, from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that if a person fasts secretly, Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, says to His angels, ‘My servant has sought protection against my punishment, you must give him protection.’ Allah, the most Blessed, the most High, then assigns His angels to pray for the fasting people and in whoever’ s favor He commands them to pray, He hears and accepts their prayers.’”

11ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله عَنْ آبَائِهِ (عَلَيْهِم السَّلاَم) أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ (صلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) قَالَ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَكَّلَ مَلائِكَتَهُ بِالدُّعَاءِ لِلصَّائِمِينَ وَقَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي جَبْرَئِيلُ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنْ رَبِّهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَا أَمَرْتُ مَلائِكَتِي بِالدُّعَاءِ لأَحَدٍ مِنْ خَلْقِي إِلاَّ اسْتَجَبْتُ لَهُمْ فِيهِ.

11. Ali has narrated from Harun ibn Muslim from Mas’adah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah has narrated from his ancestors, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, that the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has assigned His angels to pray in favor of the fasting people. He (the Holy Prophet) has said, ‘ Jibril has informed me from his Lord who has said, “When I command My angels to pray in favor of someone, I do not leave their prayers without acceptance.’””

12ـ وَبِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ نَوْمُ الصَّائِمِ عِبَادَةٌ وَنَفَسُهُ تَسْبِيحٌ.

12. It is narrated, through the same chain (narrators of previous Hadith), who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that a fasting person’s sleeping is also counted as worshipping and his breathing as speaking of the glory of Allah.”

13ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ أَوْحَى الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَى مُوسَى (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) مَا يَمْنَعُكَ مِنْ مُنَاجَاتِي فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ أُجِلُّكَ عَنِ الْمُنَاجَاةِ لِخُلُوفِ فَمِ الصَّائِمِ فَأَوْحَى الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَيْهِ يَا مُوسَى لَخُلُوفُ فَمِ الصَّائِمِ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدِي مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ.

13. Ali has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Isma‘il from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan all from ibn abu ‘Umayr from certain individuals of our people who have said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, sent revelation to Moses, thereby asking him, ‘What keeps you from speaking to Me?’ Moses replied, ‘It is to keep away the bad breath of fasting in order to respect your glory.’ Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, then sent him revelation that said, ‘O Moses, bad breath of a fasting person is more beloved to Me than musk.’”

14ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قِيلُوا فَإِنَّ الله يُطْعِمُ الصَّائِمَ وَيَسْقِيهِ فِي مَنَامِهِ.

14. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Mansur ibn al-‘Abbas from ‘Amr ibn Sa‘id from al-Hassan ibn Sadaqah who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Rest in the form of a short nap between sunrise and noontime; Allah gives food and water to a fasting person during his sleep.”’

15ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ صَاحِبِ السَّابِرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ الْكِنَانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِلصَّائِمِ فَرْحَتَانِ فَرْحَةٌ عِنْدَ إِفْطَارِهِ وَفَرْحَةٌ عِنْدَ لِقَاءِ رَبِّهِ.

15. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Salmah Sahib al-Sabiriy from ibn abu al-Sabbah al-Kinaniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that a fasting person enjoys two occasions of happiness: one is at the time of ending his fast, and the other is when he meets his Lord.”

16ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ السَّمَّانِ الأَرْمَنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِذَا رَأَى الصَّائِمُ قَوْماً يَأْكُلُونَ أَوْ رَجُلاً يَأْكُلُ سَجَّتْ كُلُّ شَعْرَةٍ مِنْهُ.

16. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Samman al-Armaniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that when a fasting person observes people or a person eating food, every piece of his hair feels a kind of covering (tranquility).”

17ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مُنْذِرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ ظَبْيَانَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) مَنْ صَامَ لله يَوْماً فِي شِدَّةِ الْحَرِّ فَأَصَابَهُ ظَمَأٌ وَكَّلَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِهِ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ يَمْسَحُونَ وَجْهَهُ وَيُبَشِّرُونَهُ حَتَّى إِذَا أَفْطَرَ قَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَا أَطْيَبَ رِيحَكَ وَرَوْحَكَ مَلائِكَتِي اشْهَدُوا أَنِّي قَدْ غَفَرْتُ لَهُ.

17. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad, from Bakr ibn Salih from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Mundhir ibn Yazid from Yunus ibn Zabayan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one, for the sake of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, fasts on a very hot day, causing him to experience a great deal of thirst, Allah assigns a thousand angels for his safety who wipe his face until the time he discontinues his fast. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, then says, “How fine is your fragrance and spirit! O My angels, bear witness that I have granted him forgiveness.””’