Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

5688 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اِمْرَأَةٍ شَرِبَتْ دَوَاءً عَمْداً وَ هِيَ حَامِلٌ وَ لَمْ تُعْلِمْ بِذَلِكَ زَوْجَهَا فَأَلْقَتْ وَلَدَهَا فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَظْمٌ قَدْ نَبَتَ عَلَيْهِ اَللَّحْمُ فَعَلَيْهَا دِيَةٌ تُسَلِّمُهَا إِلَى أَبِيهِ وَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلَقَةً أَوْ مُضْغَةً فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهَا أَرْبَعِينَ دِينَاراً أَوْ غُرَّةً تُؤَدِّيهَا إِلَى أَبِيهِ" فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَهِيَ لاَ تَرِثُ وَلَدَهَا مِنْ دِيَتِهِ مَعَ أَبِيهِ قَالَ "لاَ لِأَنَّهَا قَتَلَتْهُ فَلاَ تَرِثُهُ".

Hadith.5688 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali ibn Ri'ab, from Abu Ubaydah, who said: I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) about a woman who intentionally drank medicine while she was pregnant without informing her husband, causing her to miscarry his child. Imam (as) said: "If the fetus had developed bones upon which flesh had grown, she must pay the full diyyah (blood money) to the father. However, if it was a clot of blood (alaqah) or a lump of flesh (mudghah), then she must pay forty dinars or provide a compensatory slave (ghurrah) to the father." I then asked: "Does she inherit any share of the blood money for her child along with the father?" Imam (as) replied: "No, because she killed the child, and therefore she does not inherit from it."

5687 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ : سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قُتِلَ وَ لَهُ أَخٌ فِي دَارِ اَلْهِجْرَةِ وَ أَخٌ آخَرُ فِي دَارِ اَلْبَدْوِ وَ لَمْ يُهَاجِرْ أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ عَفَا اَلْمُهَاجِرِيُّ وَ أَرَادَ اَلْبَدَوِيُّ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ أَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ "لَيْسَ لِلْبَدَوِيِّ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ مُهَاجِراً حَتَّى يُهَاجِرَ وَ إِنْ عَفَا اَلْمُهَاجِرُ فَإِنَّ عَفْوَهُ جَائِزٌ" قُلْتُ لَهُ فَلِلْبَدَوِيِّ مِنَ اَلْمِيرَاثِ شَيْءٌ قَالَ "وَ أَمَّا اَلْمِيرَاثُ فَلَهُ وَ لَهُ حَظُّهُ مِنْ دِيَةِ أَخِيهِ اَلْمَقْتُولِ إِنْ أُخِذَتِ اَلدِّيَةُ".

Hadith.5687 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Ali ibn Ri'ab, from Zurarah, who said: I asked Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) and he had one brother residing in the land of migration (Dar Al-Hijrah) and another brother in the land of the Bedouins (Dar Al-Badw), who had not migrated. I asked: "If the migrant (Muhajir) brother pardons the killer, but the Bedouin brother wants to execute retaliation (Qisas), does he have the right to do so?" Imam (as) replied: "The Bedouin has no right to kill a migrant until he himself migrates. However, if the migrant pardons the killer, his pardon is valid." I asked: "Does the Bedouin have any share in the inheritance?" Imam (as) said: "As for inheritance, he has a share, and he is entitled to his portion of his slain brother's blood money (Diyyah) if it is taken."

5683 - رَوَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ أَبَاهُ قَالَ "لاَ يَرِثُهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ لِلْقَاتِلِ اِبْنٌ وَرِثَ اَلْجَدَّ اَلْمَقْتُولَ".

Hadith.5683 - Safwan ibn Yahya narrated from Ibn Abi Umayr, from Jamil, from one of the two Imams (peace be upon them), regarding a man who killed his father. Imam (as) said: "He does not inherit from him. However, if the killer has a son, the son inherits from the murdered grandfather."

5684 - وَ رَوَى عَاصِمُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "إِذَا قَتَلَ اَلرَّجُلُ أُمَّهُ خَطَأً وَرِثَهَا وَ إِنْ قَتَلَهَا عَمْداً لَمْ يَرِثْهَا".

Hadith.5684 - Asim ibn Humeid narrated from Muhammad ibn Qays, from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: "If a man kills his mother by mistake, he inherits from her. However, if he kills her intentionally, he does not inherit from her."

5685 - وَ رَوَى اَلنَّضْرُ عَنِ اَلْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "لِلْمَرْأَةِ مِنْ دِيَةِ زَوْجِهَا وَ لِلرَّجُلِ مِنْ دِيَةِ اِمْرَأَتِهِ مَا لَمْ يَقْتُلْ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ".

Hadith.5685 - Al-Nadr narrated from Al-Qasim ibn Sulayman, from Ubayd ibn Zurarah, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "A woman is entitled to a share of the blood money (diyyah) of her husband, and a man is entitled to a share of the blood money of his wife, as long as neither of them has killed the other."

5686 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ : "قَضَى أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي دِيَةِ اَلْمَقْتُولِ "أَنَّهَا تَرِثُهَا اَلْوَرَثَةُ عَلَى كِتَابِ اَللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ سِهَامِهِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَى اَلْمَقْتُولِ دَيْنٌ إِلاَّ اَلْإِخْوَةَ وَ اَلْأَخَوَاتِ مِنَ اَلْأُمِّ فَإِنَّهُمْ لاَ يَرِثُونَهُ مِنْ دِيَتِهِ شَيْئاً" ".

Hadith.5686 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abu Ayyub, from Sulayman ibn Khalid, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "The Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled regarding the blood money (diyyah) of a murdered person that it is to be inherited by the heirs according to the Book of Allah (swt), the Exalted, and according to their prescribed shares, provided the murdered person has no outstanding debt. However, the maternal brothers and sisters do not inherit anything from the blood money."

5689 - وَ رَوَى زُرْعَةُ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ‌ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ ضَرَبَ ابْنَتَهُ وَ هِيَ حُبْلَى فَأَسْقَطَتْ سِقْطاً مَيِّتاً فَاسْتَعْدَى زَوْجُ الْمَرْأَةِ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ لِزَوْجِهَا إِنْ كَانَ لِهَذَا السِّقْطِ دِيَةٌ وَ لِي فِيهِ مِيرَاثٌ فَإِنَّ مِيرَاثِي فِيهِ لِأَبِي قَالَ يَجُوزُ لِأَبِيهَا مَا وَهَبَتْ لَهُ‌.

Hadith.5689 - Zur'ah narrated from Sama'ah, who said: I asked Imam (as) about a man who struck his pregnant daughter, causing her to miscarry a stillborn child. The woman's husband sought justice against her father. The woman then said to her husband: "If this miscarriage has a diyyah (blood money) and I have a share of inheritance in it, then I give my share to my father." Imam (as) said: "What she gifted to her father is permissible for him to receive."

5690 - وَ رَوَى سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ اَلْمِنْقَرِيُّ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ طَائِفَتَيْنِ مِنَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِحْدَاهُمَا بَاغِيَةٌ وَ اَلْأُخْرَى عَادِلَةٌ اِقْتَتَلُوا فَقَتَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ اَلْعِرَاقِ أَبَاهُ أَوْ اِبْنَهُ أَوْ أَخَاهُ أَوْ حَمِيمَهُ وَ هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ اَلْبَغْيِ وَ هُوَ وَارِثُهُ هَلْ يَرِثُهُ قَالَ "نَعَمْ لِأَنَّهُ قَتَلَهُ بِحَقٍّ".

Hadith.5690 - Sulayman ibn Dawud Al-Minqari narrated from Hafs ibn Ghiyath, who said: I asked Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) about two groups of believers - one of them being rebellious (baghiyah) and the other just (Adilah) - who fought each other. A man from the people of Iraq, belonging to the rebellious group, killed his father, son, brother, or close relative during the battle and was also his heir. I asked: "Does he inherit from him?" Imam (as) replied: "Yes, because he killed him rightfully."