Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

طَلَاقُ الْعِدَّةِ هُوَ أَنَّهُ إِذَا أَرَادَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ طَلَّقَهَا عَلَى طُهْرٍ مِنْ غَيْرِ جِمَاعٍ بِشَاهِدَيْنِ عَدْلَيْنِ ثُمَّ يُرَاجِعُهَا مِنْ يَوْمِهِ ذَلِكَ أَوْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَحِيضَ‌ وَ يُشْهِدُ عَلَى رَجْعَتِهَا حَتَّى تَحِيضَ فَإِذَا خَرَجَتْ مِنْ حَيْضِهَا طَلَّقَهَا تَطْلِيقَةً أُخْرَى مِنْ غَيْرِ جِمَاعٍ وَ يُشْهِدُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ يُرَاجِعُهَا مَتَى شَاءَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَحِيضَ وَ يُشْهِدُ عَلَى رَجْعَتِهَا وَ يُوَاقِعُهَا وَ تَكُونُ مَعَهُ إِلَى أَنْ تَحِيضَ الْحَيْضَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ فَإِذَا خَرَجَتْ مِنْ حَيْضَتِهَا طَلَّقَهَا الثَّالِثَةَ وَ هِيَ طَاهِرٌ مِنْ غَيْرِ جِمَاعٍ وَ يُشْهِدُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَإِنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ بَانَتْ مِنْهُ وَ لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ‌ وَ أَدْنَى الْمُرَاجَعَةِ أَنْ يُقَبِّلَهَا أَوْ يُنْكِرَ الطَّلَاقَ فَيَكُونُ إِنْكَارُ الطَّلَاقِ مُرَاجَعَةً وَ تَجُوزُ الْمُرَاجَعَةُ بِغَيْرِ شُهُودٍ كَمَا يَجُوزُ التَّزْوِيجُ وَ إِنَّمَا تُكْرَهُ الْمُرَاجَعَةُ بِغَيْرِ شُهُودٍ مِنْ جِهَةِ الْحُدُودِ وَ الْمَوَارِيثِ وَ السُّلْطَانِ‌ وَ مَنْ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ لِلْعِدَّةِ ثَلَاثاً وَاحِدَةً بَعْدَ وَاحِدَةٍ كَمَا وَصَفْتُ فَتَزَوَّجَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ زَوْجاً آخَرَ وَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا فَطَلَّقَهَا أَوْ مَاتَ عَنْهَا قَبْلَ الدُّخُولِ بِهَا فَاعْتَدَّتْ الْمَرْأَةُ لَمْ يَجُزْ لِزَوْجِهَا الْأَوَّلِ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا حَتَّى يَتَزَوَّجَهَا رَجُلٌ آخَرُ وَ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا وَ يَذُوقَ عُسَيْلَتَهَا ثُمَّ يُطَلِّقَهَا أَوْ يَمُوتَ عَنْهَا فَتَعْتَدَّ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ إِنْ أَرَادَ الْأَوَّلُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا فَعَلَ فَإِنْ تَزَوَّجَهَا رَجُلٌ مُتْعَةً وَ دَخَلَ بِهَا وَ فَارَقَهَا أَوْ مَاتَ عَنْهَا لَمْ يَحِلَّ لِزَوْجِهَا الْأَوَّلِ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ بِهَا حَتَّى يَتَزَوَّجَهَا رَجُلٌ آخَرُ تَزْوِيجاً بَتَاتاً وَ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَتَكُونَ قَدْ دَخَلَتْ فِي مِثْلِ مَا خَرَجَتْ مِنْهُ‌ ثُمَّ يُطَلِّقَهَا أَوْ يَمُوتَ عَنْهَا وَ تَعْتَدَّ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ إِنْ أَرَادَ الْأَوَّلُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا فَعَلَ فَإِنْ تَزَوَّجَهَا عَبْدٌ فَهُوَ أَحَدُ الْأَزْوَاجِ‌ وَ كُلُّ مَنْ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ لِلْعِدَّةِ فَنَكَحَتْ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَهَا ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا لِلْعِدَّةِ فَنَكَحَتْ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَهَا ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا لِلْعِدَّةِ فَقَدْ بَانَتْ مِنْهُ وَ لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ بَعْدَ تِسْعِ تَطْلِيقَاتٍ أَبَداً.

Talaq al-ʿiddah (divorce during the waiting period) is that when a man intends to divorce his wife, he should divorce her during a state of purity (ṭuhr) in which he has not had intercourse with her, and in the presence of two just witnesses. Then, he may reconcile with her on the same day or afterward before she menstruates, and he should have witnesses for this reconciliation. When she menstruates and then becomes pure, he may divorce her a second time without intercourse and in the presence of witnesses. He can then reconcile with her whenever he wishes before she menstruates again, ensuring witnesses are present for the reconciliation. He may also engage in marital relations with her, and she remains with him until she experiences her second menstrual cycle. Once she becomes pure after her second menstruation, he may divorce her a third time while she is in a state of purity without intercourse, again in the presence of witnesses. If he does this, she is permanently separated from him and is not permissible for him until she marries another man. The least form of reconciliation is for him to kiss her or to deny the divorce, in which case his denial of the divorce counts as reconciliation. Reconciliation is permissible without witnesses, just as marriage is, but it is disliked without witnesses due to legal matters concerning ḥudud (Islamic penalties), inheritance, and authority. If a man divorces his wife for the waiting period three times - each once after the other as described - and then she marries another man, the previous husband cannot take her back until that marriage is properly dissolved. If a man divorces his wife three times for the waiting period (ʿiddah), one after another as described, and then the woman marries another man but he does not consummate the marriage with her and subsequently divorces her or dies before consummation, and she completes her waiting period (ʿiddah), it is not permissible for her first husband to remarry her. She can only return to her first husband if she marries another man in a permanent marriage, the second husband consummates the marriage with her, and then divorces her or dies. After completing her waiting period from the second husband, the first husband may then marry her again if he wishes. However, if she marries a man in a temporary marriage (mutʿah), even if he consummates the marriage and then separates from her or dies, it does not make it permissible for her first husband to remarry her. The remarriage to another man must be a permanent marriage that includes consummation. Only after she completes her waiting period following this marriage can her first husband marry her again. If she marries a slave, he is considered one of the husbands, and the same ruling applies. Furthermore, if a man divorces his wife three times for the waiting period, and she marries another man, then returns to her first husband and is divorced again, and this cycle repeats until she has been divorced nine times, she becomes permanently forbidden to him and can never return to him.

رُوِيَ عَنِ الْأَئِمَّةِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّ طَلَاقَ السُّنَّةِ هُوَ أَنَّهُ‌ إِذَا أَرَادَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ تَرَبَّصَ بِهَا حَتَّى تَحِيضَ وَ تَطْهُرَ ثُمَّ يُطَلِّقُهَا فِي قُبُلِ عِدَّتِهَا بِشَاهِدَيْنِ عَدْلَيْنِ فِي مَوْقِفٍ وَاحِدٍ بِلَفْظَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَإِنْ أَشْهَدَ عَلَى الطَّلَاقِ رَجُلًا وَ أَشْهَدَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الثَّانِيَ لَمْ يَجُزْ ذَلِكَ الطَّلَاقُ إِلَّا أَنْ يُشْهِدَهُمَا جَمِيعاً فِي مَجْلِسٍ وَاحِدٍ فَإِذَا مَضَتْ بِهَا ثَلَاثَةُ أَطْهَارٍ فَقَدْ بَانَتْ مِنْهُ وَ هُوَ خَاطِبٌ مِنَ الْخُطَّابِ وَ الْأَمْرُ إِلَيْهَا إِنْ شَاءَتْ تَزَوَّجَتْهُ وَ إِنْ شَاءَتْ فَلَا فَإِنْ تَزَوَّجَهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ تَزَوَّجَهَا بِمَهْرٍ جَدِيدٍ فَإِنْ أَرَادَ طَلَاقَهَا طَلَّقَهَا لِلسُّنَّةِ عَلَى مَا وَصَفْتُ وَ مَتَى طَلَّقَهَا طَلَاقَ السُّنَّةِ فَجَائِزٌ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَ سُمِّيَ طَلَاقُ السُّنَّةِ طَلَاقَ الْهَدْمِ مَتَى اسْتَوْفَتْ قُرُوءَهَا وَ تَزَوَّجَهَا ثَانِيَةً هَدَمَ الطَّلَاقَ الْأَوَّلَ‌ وَ كُلُّ طَلَاقٍ خَالَفَ السُّنَّةَ فَهُوَ بَاطِلٌ وَ مَنْ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ لِلسُّنَّةِ فَلَهُ أَنْ يُرَاجِعَهَا مَا لَمْ تَنْقَضِ عِدَّتُهَا فَإِذَا انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا بَانَتْ مِنْهُ وَ كَانَ خَاطِباً مِنَ الْخُطَّابِ وَ لَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ النِّسَاءِ فِي الطَّلَاقِ‌ وَ عَلَى الْمُطَلِّقِ لِلسُّنَّةِ نَفَقَةُ الْمَرْأَةِ وَ السُّكْنَى مَا دَامَتْ فِي عِدَّتِهَا وَ هُمَا يَتَوَارَثَانِ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ الْعِدَّةُ.

It has been narrated from the Imams (peace be upon them) that talaq al-sunnah (divorce according to the prescribed method) is that when a man intends to divorce his wife, he waits until she menstruates and then becomes pure. He should then divorce her before engaging in intimacy during her waiting period, in the presence of two just witnesses, in a single sitting, and with a single utterance. If he testifies before one man and later before another, such a divorce is not valid unless both witnesses are present together in the same session. If she completes three periods of purity, she is then separated from him, and he becomes like any other suitor. The choice is hers - if she wishes, she may remarry him, and if she does not, she is free not to do so. If he wishes to remarry her, he must do so with a new dowry. If he later wishes to divorce her again, he must do so according to the sunnah, as described. If he divorces her in the prescribed manner, it remains permissible for him to remarry her thereafter. This type of divorce is referred to as talaq al-hadm (divorce of annulment), meaning that if she completes her waiting period and he remarries her, the previous divorce is annulled. Any divorce that does not conform to the prescribed sunnah is invalid. If a man divorces his wife according to the sunnah, he has the right to take her back as long as her waiting period has not ended. Once the waiting period ends, she is separated from him, and he becomes like any other suitor. The testimony of women alone is not acceptable in matters of divorce. The husband who divorces according to the sunnah is responsible for the financial maintenance and housing of his wife as long as she is in her waiting period. They also continue to inherit from one another until the waiting period concludes.

4761 - وَ رَوَى اَلْمُفَضَّلُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ وَ لاٰ تُمْسِكُوهُنَّ ضِرٰاراً لِتَعْتَدُوا ۝ قَالَ "اَلرَّجُلُ يُطَلِّقُ حَتَّى إِذَا كَادَتْ أَنْ يَخْلُوَ أَجَلُهَا رَاجَعَهَا ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَنَهَى اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَنْ ذَلِكَ ".

Hadith.4761 - Al-Mufaḍḍal ibn Ṣaliḥ narrated from Al-Ḥalabi, who reported from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: I asked him about the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic: "And do not retain them to harm them so that you transgress" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:231). Imam (as) replied: "This refers to a man who divorces his wife, and when her waiting period (ʿiddah) is about to end, he reconciles with her, then divorces her again. He repeats this process three times. Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, forbade such behavior."

4762 - وَ رَوَى اَلْبَزَنْطِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَلْكَرِيمِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "لاَ يَنْبَغِي لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ اِمْرَأَتَهُ ثُمَّ يُرَاجِعَهَا وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ فِيهَا حَاجَةٌ ثُمَّ يُطَلِّقَهَا فَهَذَا اَلضِّرَارُ اَلَّذِي نَهَى اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَنْهُ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ ثُمَّ يُرَاجِعَ وَ هُوَ يَنْوِي اَلْإِمْسَاكَ".

Hadith.4762 - Al-Bazanti narrated from ʿAbd al-Karim ibn ʿAmr, from al-Ḥasan ibn Ziyad, from Abu Abdullah (as), who said: "It is not appropriate for a man to divorce his wife and then reconcile with her when he has no need or intention for her, only to divorce her again. This is the harm (ḍirar) that Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, has forbidden. However, if he divorces her and then reconciles with her with the sincere intention of keeping her, then it is permissible."

4751 - وَ رَوَى اَلْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْجَوْهَرِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لاَ طَلاَقَ إِلاَّ عَلَى اَلسُّنَّةِ إِنَّ عَبْدَ اَللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ طَلَّقَ ثَلاَثاً فِي مَجْلِسٍ وَ اِمْرَأَتُهُ حَائِضٌ فَرَدَّ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ طَلاَقَهُ وَ قَالَ "مَا خَالَفَ كِتَابَ اَللَّهِ رُدَّ إِلَى كِتَابِ اَللَّهِ " ".

Hadith.4751 - Al-Qasim ibn Muhammad Al-Jawhari narrated from Ali ibn Abi Hamzah, who said that Abu Abdullah (as) said: "There is no divorce except according to the Sunnah. Indeed, Abdullah ibn Umar divorced his wife three times in one sitting while she was menstruating. The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) rejected his divorce and said: 'Whatever contradicts the Book of Allah (swt) must be referred back to the Book of Allah (swt).'"

4752 - وَ رَوَى حَمَّادٌ عَنِ اَلْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ لاِمْرَأَتِهِ إِنْ تَزَوَّجْتُ عَلَيْكِ أَوْ بِتُّ عَنْكِ فَأَنْتِ طَالِقٌ فَقَالَ "إِنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ قَالَ "مَنْ شَرَطَ شَرْطاً سِوَى كِتَابِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَمْ يَجُزْ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ وَ لاَ لَهُ" " ، قَالَ وَ سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ كُلُّ اِمْرَأَةٍ أَتَزَوَّجُهَا مَا عَاشَتْ أُمِّي فَهِيَ طَالِقٌ فَقَالَ "لاَ طَلاَقَ إِلاَّ بَعْدَ نِكَاحٍ وَ لاَ عِتْقَ إِلاَّ بَعْدَ مِلْكٍ".

Hadith.4752 - Hammad narrated from Al-Halabi that Abu Abdullah (as) was asked about a man who said to his wife, "If I marry another woman over you or spend a night away from you, then you are divorced." Imam (as) replied: "The Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: 'Whoever sets a condition outside of the Book of Allah (swt), it is neither binding upon him nor for him.'" Imam (as) was also asked about a man who said: "Any woman I marry while my mother is alive is divorced." Imam (as) replied: "There is no divorce except after marriage, and no emancipation except after ownership."

4763 - وَ رَوَى اَلْقَاسِمُ بْنُ اَلرَّبِيعِ اَلصَّحَّافُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ : أَنَّ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ فِيمَا كَتَبَ مِنْ جَوَابِ مَسَائِلِهِ "عِلَّةُ اَلطَّلاَقِ ثَلاَثاً لِمَا فِيهِ مِنَ اَلْمُهْلَةِ فِيمَا بَيْنَ اَلْوَاحِدَةِ إِلَى اَلثَّلاَثِ لِرَغْبَةٍ تَحْدُثُ أَوْ سُكُونِ غَضَبٍ إِنْ كَانَ وَ لْيَكُنْ ذَلِكَ تَخْوِيفاً وَ تَأْدِيباً لِلنِّسَاءِ وَ زَجْراً لَهُنَّ عَنْ مَعْصِيَةِ أَزْوَاجِهِنَّ فَاسْتَحَقَّتِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ اَلْفُرْقَةَ وَ اَلْمُبَايَنَةَ لِدُخُولِهَا فِيمَا لاَ يَنْبَغِي مِنْ تَرْكِ طَاعَةِ زَوْجِهَا وَ عِلَّةُ تَحْرِيمِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ بَعْدَ تِسْعِ تَطْلِيقَاتٍ فَلاَ تَحِلَّ لَهُ عُقُوبَةً لِئَلاَّ يَسْتَخِفَّ بِالطَّلاَقِ وَ لاَ يَسْتَضْعِفَ اَلْمَرْأَةَ وَ لِيَكُونَ نَاظِراً فِي أُمُورِهِ مُتَيَقِّظاً مُعْتَبِراً وَ لِيَكُونَ يَأْساً لَهُمَا مِنَ اَلاِجْتِمَاعِ بَعْدَ تِسْعِ تَطْلِيقَاتٍ".

Hadith.4763 - Al-Qasim ibn al-Rabiʿ al-Ṣaḥḥaf narrated from Muḥammad ibn Sinan that Abu al-Ḥasan Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) wrote to him in response to his questions: "The reason for allowing divorce up to three times is to provide a period of reflection between each instance, from the first to the third, for any renewed affection that may arise or for the calming of anger if it had been present. This process serves as a warning and a means of disciplining the woman and deterring her from disobeying her husband. If a woman engages in what is improper by neglecting her husband's obedience, she becomes deserving of separation and estrangement. As for the reason why a woman becomes permanently forbidden (ḥaram) to her husband after nine divorces, it is a form of punishment to prevent the man from taking divorce lightly and from oppressing the woman. It encourages him to be thoughtful, attentive, and reflective in his actions. This also brings both parties to despair of ever reconciling after nine divorces."

4753 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اَلنَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: فِي رَجُلٍ قَالَ اِمْرَأَتُهُ طَالِقٌ وَ مَمَالِيكُهُ أَحْرَارٌ إِنْ شَرِبْتُ حَرَاماً أَوْ حَلاَلاً مِنَ اَلطِّلاَءِ أَبَداً فَقَالَ "أَمَّا اَلْحَرَامُ فَلاَ يَقْرَبْهُ أَبَداً إِنْ حَلَفَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَحْلِفْ وَ أَمَّا اَلطِّلاَءُ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يُحَرِّمَ مَا أَحَلَّ اَللَّهُ قَالَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ " ۝ يٰا أَيُّهَا اَلنَّبِيُّ لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مٰا أَحَلَّ اَللّٰهُ لَكَ ۝ فَلاَ يَجُوزُ يَمِينٌ فِي تَحْرِيمِ حَلاَلٍ وَ لاَ فِي تَحْلِيلِ حَرَامٍ وَ لاَ فِي قَطِيعَةِ رَحِمٍ".

Hadith.4753 - In the narration of Al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Abdullah ibn Sinan, from Abu Abdullah (as), it was reported about a man who said: "My wife is divorced and my slaves are free if I ever drink something forbidden or even something permissible like tilāʾ (a type of fermented drink) ever again." Imam (as) said: "As for what is forbidden, he must never approach it - whether he swore an oath or not. But as for tilāʾ (a type of fermented drink), he has no right to prohibit what Allah (swt) has made lawful. Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, said: 'O Prophet, why do you forbid what Allah (swt) has made lawful for you?' (Surah At-Tahrim 66:1). Therefore, it is not permissible to swear an oath to forbid what is lawful, to permit what is unlawful, or to sever family ties."

4764 - وَ رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ اَلرِّضَا عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنِ اَلْعِلَّةِ اَلَّتِي مِنْ أَجْلِهَا لاَ تَحِلُّ اَلْمُطَلَّقَةُ لِلْعِدَّةِ لِزَوْجِهَا "حَتّٰى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ" فَقَالَ "إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِنَّمَا أَذِنَ فِي اَلطَّلاَقِ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَقَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ۝ اَلطَّلاٰقُ مَرَّتٰانِ فَإِمْسٰاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسٰانٍ ۝ يَعْنِي فِي اَلتَّطْلِيقَةِ اَلثَّالِثَةِ فَلِدُخُولِهِ فِيمَا كَرِهَ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ مِنَ اَلطَّلاَقِ اَلثَّالِثِ حَرَّمَهَا عَلَيْهِ فَلاَ تَحِلُّ لَهُ "حَتّٰى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجاً غَيْرَهُ" لِئَلاَّ يُوقِعَ اَلنَّاسُ اَلاِسْتِخْفَافَ بِالطَّلاَقِ وَ لاَ يُضَارُّوا اَلنِّسَاءَ".

Hadith.4764 - Ali ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Ali ibn Faḍḍal narrated from his father that he asked Imam Ali ibn Musa Ar-Ridha (as) about the reason why a woman divorced for the third time (ṭalaq al-ʿidda) does not become lawful again for her husband "until she marries another husband". Imam (as) replied: "Indeed, Allah (swt), the Exalted and Glorious, has only permitted divorce twice, as He (swt) said: 'Divorce is twice. Then, either keep [her] in an acceptable manner or release [her] with good treatment' (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:229). This applies to the third divorce. Due to the man's persistence in engaging in what Allah (swt) dislikes - namely, pronouncing a third divorce, Allah (swt) made her unlawful for him, and she does not become lawful for him 'until she marries another husband'. This is to prevent people from taking divorce lightly and to stop them from harming women."

4754 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: قَامَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي طَلَّقْتُ اِمْرَأَتِي لِلْعِدَّةِ بِغَيْرِ شُهُودٍ فَقَالَ "لَيْسَ طَلاَقُكَ بِطَلاَقٍ فَارْجِعْ إِلَى أَهْلِكَ".

Hadith.4754 - It was narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), who said: A man stood before the Commander of the Faithful (as) and said: "I divorced my wife during her waiting period (ʿiddah) without any witnesses." Imam (as) replied: "Your divorce is not valid. Return to your wife."

4765 - وَ رَوَى مُوسَى بْنُ بَكْرٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "اَلْمُطَلَّقَةُ ثَلاَثاً لَيْسَ لَهَا نَفَقَةٌ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا وَ لاَ سُكْنَى إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ لِلَّتِي لِزَوْجِهَا عَلَيْهَا رَجْعَةٌ".

Hadith.4765 - Musa ibn Bakr narrated from Zurarah that Abu Jafar (as) said: "A woman who has been divorced three times has no right to maintenance (nafaqa) or accommodation (sukna) from her husband. This is only for the woman whose husband still has the right to take her back (rajʿa)."

4755 - وَ رَوَى بُكَيْرُ بْنُ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: "إِذَا طَلَّقَ اَلرَّجُلُ اِمْرَأَتَهُ وَ أَشْهَدَ شَاهِدَيْنِ عَدْلَيْنِ فِي قُبُلِ عِدَّتِهَا فَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا أَوْ يُرَاجِعَهَا".

Hadith.4755 - Bukayr ibn Aʿyan narrated from Abu Jafar Imam Al-Baqir (as), who said: "If a man divorces his wife and brings two just witnesses to bear witness to it during her waiting period ('iddah), he cannot divorce her again after that until her waiting period ends or he reconciles with her."

4756 - : وَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَمِيرِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنِّي طَلَّقْتُ اِمْرَأَتِي فَقَالَ "أَ لَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ" فَقَالَ لاَ فَقَالَ "اُعْزُبْ".

Hadith.4756 - A man came to the Commander of the Faithful (as) and said: "O Commander of the Faithful, I have divorced my wife." Imam (as) asked: "Do you have any evidence (witnesses)?" The man replied: "No." So Imam (as) said: "Be gone (uʿzub)."

4757 - وَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "لَوْ وُلِّيتُ اَلنَّاسَ لَعَلَّمْتُهُمُ اَلطَّلاَقَ وَ كَيْفَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُمْ أَنْ يُطَلِّقُوا" ثُمَّ قَالَ "لَوْ أُتِيتُ بِرَجُلٍ قَدْ خَالَفَهُ لَأَوْجَعْتُ ظَهْرَهُ وَ مَنْ طَلَّقَ لِغَيْرِ اَلسُّنَّةِ رُدَّ إِلَى كِتَابِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ إِنْ رَغِمَ أَنْفُهُ".

Hadith.4757 - Abu Jafar Imam Al-Baqir (as) said: "If I were to govern the people, I would teach them the correct way to divorce and how it should be carried out." Then Imam (as) added: "If someone were brought to me who opposed this (correct method), I would strike his back severely. Whoever divorces in a manner contrary to the Sunnah will have his divorce referred back to the Book of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic, even if he dislikes it."

4758 - وَ سَأَلَ سَمَاعَةُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنِ اَلْمُطَلَّقَةِ أَيْنَ تَعْتَدُّ قَالَ "فِي بَيْتِهَا لاَ تَخْرُجُ فَإِنْ أَرَادَتْ زِيَارَةً خَرَجَتْ قَبْلَ نِصْفِ اَللَّيْلِ وَ رَجَعَتْ بَعْدَ نِصْفِ اَللَّيْلِ وَ لاَ تَخْرُجُ نَهَاراً وَ لَيْسَ لَهَا أَنْ تَحُجَّ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا".

Hadith.4758 - Samaʿah asked Abu Abdullah (as) about where a divorced woman should observe her waiting period (ʿiddah). Imam (as) replied: "In her house; she should not leave. If she wishes to visit someone, she may go out before midnight and return after midnight. She should not go out during the day, and she is not permitted to perform Hajj until her waiting period is complete."

4759 - : وَ سُئِلَ اَلصَّادِقُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ وَ اِتَّقُوا اَللّٰهَ رَبَّكُمْ لاٰ تُخْرِجُوهُنَّ مِنْ بُيُوتِهِنَّ وَ لاٰ يَخْرُجْنَ إِلاّٰ أَنْ يَأْتِينَ بِفٰاحِشَةٍ مُبَيِّنَةٍ ۝ قَالَ "إِلاَّ أَنْ تَزْنِيَ فَتُخْرَجَ وَ يُقَامَ عَلَيْهَا اَلْحَدُّ".

Hadith.4759 - Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) was asked about the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic: "And fear Allah (swt), your Lord (azj). Do not expel them from their houses, nor should they leave unless they commit a clear immorality" (Surah At-Talaq 65:1). Imam (as) replied: "Except if she commits adultery, then she is to be expelled, and the prescribed punishment (ḥadd) is to be carried out upon her."

4760 - وَ كَتَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ اَلْحَسَنِ اَلصَّفَّارُ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اِمْرَأَةٍ طَلَّقَهَا زَوْجُهَا وَ لَمْ يُجْرِ عَلَيْهَا اَلنَّفَقَةَ لِلْعِدَّةِ وَ هِيَ مُحْتَاجَةٌ هَلْ يَجُوزُ لَهَا أَنْ تَخْرُجَ وَ تَبِيتَ عَنْ مَنْزِلِهَا لِلْعَمَلِ وَ اَلْحَاجَةِ فَوَقَّعَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ إِذَا عَلِمَ اَللَّهُ اَلصِّحَّةَ مِنْهَا".

Hadith.4760 - Muhammad ibn Al-Hasan Al-Saffar (may Allah (swt) be pleased with him) wrote to Imam Abu Muhammad Al-Hasan ibn Ali (as) asking about a woman who was divorced by her husband, and he did not provide her with maintenance (nafaqah) during her waiting period (ʿiddah) while she was in need. "Is it permissible for her to leave and spend nights away from her home for work and to fulfill her needs?" Imam (as) replied in writing: "There is no harm in that if Allah knows her intention is sincere." [chapter=CHAPTER 152 - CHAPTER ON DIVORCE DURING THE WAITING PERIOD (ʿIDDAH) بَابُ طَلَاقِ الْعِدَّةِ