Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

4501 - رَوَى اَلْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ اَلْقَصَبَانِيُّ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ اَلْحُصَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي قَوْلِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ۝ وَ اَلْوٰالِدٰاتُ يُرْضِعْنَ أَوْلاٰدَهُنَّ حَوْلَيْنِ كٰامِلَيْنِ ۝ قَالَ "مَا دَامَ اَلْوَلَدُ فِي اَلرَّضَاعِ فَهُوَ بَيْنَ اَلْأَبَوَيْنِ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ فَإِذَا فُطِمَ فَالْأَبُ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنَ اَلْأُمِّ فَإِذَا مَاتَ اَلْأَبُ فَالْأُمُّ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنَ اَلْعَصَبَةِ وَ إِنْ وَجَدَ اَلْأَبُ مَنْ يُرْضِعُهُ بِأَرْبَعَةِ دَرَاهِمَ فَقَالَتِ اَلْأُمُّ لاَ أُرْضِعُهُ إِلاَّ بِخَمْسَةِ دَرَاهِمَ فَإِنَّ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْزِعَهُ مِنْهَا إِلاَّ أَنَّ خَيْراً لَهُ وَ أَرْفَقَ بِهِ أَنْ يَذَرَهُ مَعَ أُمِّهِ".

Hadith.4501 - Al-Abbas ibn Amir al-Qasbani narrated from Dawud ibn al-Husayn, from Abu Abdillah (as) regarding the saying of Allah (swt), the Mighty and Majestic: "And the mothers shall suckle their children for two full years." (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:233) Imam (as) said: "As long as the child is being nursed, the parents share equal rights over it. But when the child is weaned, the father has more right to it than the mother. However, if the father dies, the mother has more right to the child than the paternal relatives. If the father finds someone to nurse the child for four dirhams, and the mother says, 'I will not nurse him except for five dirhams,' then he has the right to take the child away from her. Nevertheless, it is better and more beneficial for the child to remain with its mother."

4502 - وَ رَوَى سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ اَلْمِنْقَرِيُّ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ اِمْرَأَتَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَلَدٌ أَيُّهُمَا أَحَقُّ بِهِ قَالَ "اَلْمَرْأَةُ مَا لَمْ تَتَزَوَّجْ".

Hadith.4502 - Sulaiman ibn Dawud al-Minqari narrated from Hafs ibn Ghiyath or another person, who said: I asked Abu Abdillah (as) about a man who divorced his wife, and they had a child between them. Which of them has more right to the child? Imam (as) said: "The mother, as long as she does not remarry."

4503 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: "أَيُّمَا اِمْرَأَةٍ حُرَّةٍ تَزَوَّجَتْ عَبْداً فَوَلَدَتْ مِنْهُ أَوْلاَداً فَهِيَ أَحَقُّ بِوُلْدِهَا مِنْهُ وَ هُمْ أَحْرَارٌ فَإِذَا أُعْتِقَ اَلرَّجُلُ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِوُلْدِهِ مِنْهَا لِمَوْضِعِ اَلْأَبِ".

Hadith.4503 - Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub narrated from Abu Ayyub, from Al-Fudhayl ibn Yasar, from Abu Abdillah (as), who said: "Any free woman who marries a slave and bears children from him, she has more right to her children than he does, and the children are free. However, if the man is emancipated, then he has more right to his children than she does because of his position as their father."

4504 - وَ رَوَى عَبْدُ اَللَّهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ اَلْحِمْيَرِيُّ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ قَالَ: كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِهِ أَنَّهُ كَانَتْ لِيَ اِمْرَأَةٌ وَ لِي مِنْهَا وَلَدٌ وَ خَلَّيْتُ سَبِيلَهَا فَكَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "اَلْمَرْأَةُ أَحَقُّ بِالْوَلَدِ إِلَى أَنْ يَبْلُغَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَشَاءَ اَلْمَرْأَةُ".

Hadith.4504 - Abdullah ibn Jafar al-Himyari narrated from Ayyub ibn Nuh, who said: One of his (as) companions wrote to him, saying: "I had a wife, and I have a child from her, but I divorced her." Imam (as) wrote in reply: "The mother has more right to the child until the child reaches seven years of age, unless the mother chooses otherwise."