Creation of Universe

Age of Ignorance, Household of Muhammad, hypocrites

Shaqshaqiya (literally, "roar of the camel"), in which Alī lays out his claim to the caliphate and his superiority over his predecessors

His far-sightedness and his steadfastness in Islam

When Abbas and Abu Sufyan offered to pay allegiance to him for the caliphate after Muhammad''s death

On being advised not to chase Talha and Zubayr for fighting

The hypocrites

About Zubayr at a time for which it was appropriate

Cowardice of his enemies in the Battle of the Camel

Talha and Zubayr

When he gave the standard of the Battle of the Camel to his son Mohammad

When, after his victory in the Battle of the Camel, one of his comrades said, "I wish my brother had been present and he too would have seen what success and victory God had given you"

Condemning the people of Basra

Also in condemnation of the people of Basra

After resuming the land grants made by Uthman

Delivered when the people of Madina swore allegiance to him

About those who sit for dispensation of justice among people but are not fit for it

In disparagement of contradictory views among Muslim jurists

Treachery and hypocrisy of al-Ashath al-Kindi

Death and taking lessons from it

Advice to keep light in this world

About those who accused him of killing Uthman

Keeping aloof from envy, and good behavior towards kin

Exhorting people for jihad

When his men were overpowered by Muawiya''s men

People after Muhammad''s death, the settlement between Muawiya and Amr ibn al-As

The transient nature of this world and importance of the next world

About those who found pretexts at the time of jihad

In connection with Uthman''s killing

Before the Battle of the Camel, he sent Ibn Abbas to Zubayr to advise him back to obedience

Disparagement of the world and categories of people

At the time of setting for the Battle of the Camel

Exhorting people to fight against the people of Syria

After arbitration

Warning the people of Nahrawan of their fate

His steadfastness and precedence in Islam

In disparagement of those in doubt

In disparagement of those who shrink from fighting

In response to the slogan of Kharijites: "Judgment belongs to God alone"

In condemnation of treason

Heart''s desires and hopes

In response to a suggestion of war

When Masqala defected to Syria

The greatness of God and the lowliness of this world

When he decided to march towards Syria

Calamities befalling Kufa

At the time of marching towards Syria

God''s greatness and sublimity

Admixture of right and wrong

When his men were prevented from taking water from the River Euphrates

Reward and punishment in the next world

On the description of the Day of Sacrifice

On the swear of allegiance

When his men showed impatience on his delay in giving them permission to fight in Siffin

Steadiness on the battlefield

Muawiya swallows whatever he gets and craves for what he does not get

Addressing the Kharijites

When he was told that the Kharijites had crossed the bridge of Nahrawan

When he was told that the Kharijites had been totally annihilated

Do not fight the Kharijites after me!

When he was warned of being killed by deceit

Transience of this world

Decline and destruction of this world

Attributes of God

Ways of fighting

On hearing the account of what took place in Saqifah of Bani-Sa''ida

When Mohammad ibn Abi Bakr, governor of Egypt, was overpowered and killed

Admonishing his companions for careless behavior

In the morning of the day he was fatally struck with a sword

In condemnation of the people of Iraq

Praise for Muhammad

When Hasan and Husayn interceded on behalf of Marwan

When the elective committee (or shura) decided to swear allegiance to Uthman

When he learned that the Umayyads blamed him for killing Uthman

Preaching and counseling

Banu Umayyad

One of his supplications

Prophecy of astrologers

Shortcomings of women

Way of preaching and counseling

World and its people

Al-Gharra (literally, "the brilliant"), in which Ali enjoined people to piety

Amr ibn al-As

Perfection of God and counseling

Preparing for the hereafter by following God''s commandments

Faithful and unfaithful believers

Factions of community

Holy Prophet

God''s attributes and some advice

Al-Ashbaah (literally, "the skeletons"), in which Ali talked about the creation of the universe

When people decided to swear allegiance to him after the murder of Uthman

Annihilation of the Kharijites, mischief mongering of the Umayyads, vastness of his own knowledge

God''s praise and eulogy of the prophets

Age of Ignorance and Muhammad''s efforts to disseminate God''s message

In eulogy of Muhammad

Admonishing his companions

Oppression of the Umayyads

Abstinence of the world and vicissitudes of time

Muhammad and his descendants

ومن كتاب له (عليه السلام) إلى عماله على الخراج

مِنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَلِيٍّ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِ الْخَرَاجِ

From the servant of Allāh ‘Alī, Amīr al-mu’minīn to the tax collectors:

أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإِنَّ مَنْ لَمْ يَحْذَرْ مَا هُوَ صَائِرٌ إِلَيْهِ لَمْ يُقَدِّمْ لِنَفْسِهِ مَا يُحْرِزُهَا.

So now, he who does not fear where he is going, does not send forward for himself that which could protect him.

وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ مَا كُلِّفْتُمْ [بِهِ] يَسِيرٌ، وَأَنَّ ثَوَابَهُ كَثِيرٌ، وَلَوْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيمَا نَهَى اللهُ عَنْهُ مِنَ الْبَغْيِ وَالْعُدْوَانِ عِقَابٌ يُخَافُ لَكَانَ فِي ثَوَابِ اجْتِنَابِهِ مَا لَا عُذْرَ فِي تَرْكِ طَلَبِهِ.

You should know that the obligations laid on you are few, while their reward is much. Even if there had been no fear of punishment for revolt and disobedience, which Allāh has prohibited, the reward in keeping aloof from it would be enough (incentive) to abstain from going after it.

فَأَنْصِفُوا النَّاسَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ، وَاصْبِرُوا لِحَوَائِجِهِمْ، فَإِنَّكُمْ خُزَّانُ الرَّعِيَّةِ، وَوُكَلَاءُ الْأُمَّةِ، وَسُفَرَاءُ الْأَئِمَّةِ،

Behave yourselves justly with the people and act with endurance with regard to their needs, because you are the treasurers of the people, representatives of the community and the ambassadors of the Imāms.

وَلَا تُحْشِمُوا أَحَداً عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ، وَلَا تَحْبِسُوهُ عَنْ طَلِبَتِهِ، وَلَا تَبِيعُنَّ لِلنَّاسِ فِي الْخَرَاجِ كِسْوَةَ شِتَاءٍ وَلَا صَيْفٍ، وَلَا دَابَّةً يَعْتَمِلُونَ عَلَيْهَا، وَلَا عَبداً، وَلَا تَضْرِبُنَّ أَحَداً سَوْطاً لِمَكَانِ دِرْهَمٍ، وَلَا تَمَسُّنَّ مَالَ أَحَدٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ، مُصَلٍّ وَلَا مُعَاهَدٍ، إِلَّا أَنْ تَجِدُوا فرَساً أَوْ سِلَاحاً يُعْدى بِهِ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِلْمُسْلِمِ أَنْ يَدَعَ ذلِكَ فِي أَيْدِي أَعْدَاءِ الْإِسْلَامِ، فَيَكُونَ شَوْكَةً عَلَيْهِ.

Do not deprive anyone of his needs and do not prevent him from (securing) his requirements. For the collection of tax (kharāj) from the people do not sell their winter or summer clothes, nor cattle with which they work, nor slaves. Do not whip anyone for the sake of one Dirham. Do not touch the property of any person whether he be one who prays (a Muslim) or a protected unbeliever, unless you find a horse or weapons used for attack against Muslims, because it is not proper for the Muslims to leave these things in the hands of the enemies of Islam to enable them to have power over Islam.

وَلَا تَدَّخِرُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ نَصِيحَةً، وَلَا الْجُنْدَ حُسْنَ سِيرَةٍ، وَلَا الرَّعِيَّةَ مَعُونَةً، وَلَا دِينَ اللهِ قُوَّةً، وَأَبْلُوا فِي سَبيلِ اللهِ مَا اسْتَوْجَبَ عَلَيْكُمْ، فَإِنَّ اللهَ سُبْحَانَهُ قَدِ اصْطَنَعَ عِنْدَنَا وَعِنْدَكُمْ أَنْ نَشْكُرَهُ بِجُهْدِنَا، وَأَنْ نَنْصُرَهُ بِمَا بَلَغَتْ قُوَّتُنَا، وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلاَّ بِاللهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْعَظِيمِ.

Do not deny good counsel to yourself, good behaviour to the army, succour to the subjects and strength to the religion of Allāh. Strive in the way of Allāh as is obligatory on you, because Allāh the Glorified, desires us and you to be thankful to Him as best as we can and that we should help Him to the best of our power. And there is no power save with Allāh, the All-high, the All-glorious.

Extrait d’une lettre à ses préposés à l’impôt foncier.

Du serviteur de Dieu ‘Ali, le Prince des Croyants, aux préposés à l’impôt foncier.

Celui qui ne prête pas attention à ce qu’il va devenir n’offre pas à son âme la défense nécessaire.

Sachez que votre mission est simple et mérite une grande récompense. ....

Rendez justice aux gens, usez de patience envers leurs besoins, car vous êtes les trésoriers du pays, les intendants de la nation et les ambassadeurs des imams.

N’irritez point ceux qui ont des besoins et vous présentent des demandes. Ne vendez pas les vêtements d’hiver ou d’été des gens imposables, de même que leurs bêtes de somme et leurs esclaves. Ne frappez point avec le fouet des personnes qui ne paient pas l’argent, ne touchez pas aux biens des gens, qu’ils soient musulmans ou chrétiens ou juifs, à moins que vous ne trouviez chez ces derniers un cheval ou une arme utilisés contre les musulmans, ce qui est inacceptable et dangereux.

Acceptez les conseils, que les soldats se comportent convenablement, que les sujets soient aidés et que la religion de Dieu ne soit pas imposée par la force. Combattez pour la cause de Dieu selon les devoirs imposés à vous, car Dieu demande que vous -et nous aussi- Le remercions par notre labeur, Le rendions vainqueur quelle que soit notre force, et il n’y a de force que par Dieu, le Très Haut, le Très Grand.

Nahj al-Balāgha

Book 2, Chapter 51