ومن خطبة له (عليه السلام) في شأن الحكمين وذمّ أهل الشام

About the two arbitrators (Abū Mūsā al-Ash‘arī and ‘Amr ibn al-‘Āṣ) and disparagement of the people of Syria (ash-Shām)

جُفَاةٌ طَغَامٌ، عَبِيدٌ أَقْزَامٌ، جُمِّعُوا مِنْ كُلِّ أَوْب، وَتُلُقِّطُوا مِنْ كُلِّ شَوْب، مِمَّنْ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُفَقَّهَ وَيُؤَدَّبَ، وَيُعَلَّمَ وَيُدَرَّبَ، وَيُوَلَّى عَلَيْهِ، وَيُؤْخَذَ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ، لَيْسُوا مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالاْنْصَارِ، وَلاَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ تَبَوَّؤا الدَّارَ وَالْإِيمانَ.

Rude, low people and mean slaves. They have been collected from all sides and picked up from every pack. They need to be taught the tenets (of Islam), disciplined, instructed, trained, supervised and led by the hand. They are neither muhājirūn (immigrants from Mecca), nor anṣār (helpers of Medina) nor those who made their dwellings in the abode (in Medina) and in belief.

أَلاَ وَإِنَّ الْقَوْمَ اخْتَارُوا لاِنْفُسِهِمْ أَقْرَبَ الْقَوْمِ مِمَّا تُحِبُّونَ، وَاخْتَرْتُمْ لاِنْفُسِكُمْ أَقْرَبَ الْقَوْمِ مِمَّا تَكْرَهُونَ، وَإِنَّمَا عَهْدُكُمْ بَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ قَيْس بِالاْمْسِ يَقُولُ: إِنَّهَا فِتْنَةٌ فَقَطِّعُوا أَوْتَارَكُمْ وَشِيمُوا سُيُوفَكُمْ، فَإِنْ كَانَ صَادِقاً فَقَدْ أَخْطَأَ بِمَسِيرِهِ غَيْرَ مُسْتَكْرَه، وَإِنْ كَانَ كَاذِباً فَقَدْ لَزِمَتْهُ التُّهَمَهُ. فَادْفَعُوا فِي صَدْرِ عَمْرِوبْنِ الْعَاصِ بِعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ، وَخُذُوا مَهَلَ الاْيَّامِ، وَحُوطُوا قَوَاصِيَ الاْسْلاَمِ، أَلاَ تَرَوْنَ إِلَى بَلاَدِكُمْ تُغْزَى، وَإِلَى صَفَاتِكُمْ تُرْمَى؟

Look! They have chosen for themselves one who is nearest of all of them to what they desire, while you have chosen one who is nearest to what you dislike. You may certainly recall that the other day ‘Abdullāh ibn Qays (Abū Mūsā) was saying: “It is a mischief, therefore, cut away your bow-string and sheathe your swords.” If he was right (in what he said) then he was wrong in marching (with us) without being forced, but if he was lying then he should be viewed with suspicion. Therefore, send ‘Abdullāh ibn al-‘Abbās to face ‘Amr ibn al-‘Āṣ. Make use of these days and surround the borders of Islam. Do you not see that your cities are being attacked and your prowess is being aimed at?

Extrait de ses paroles où il blâme les gens du Cham

Grossiers et de basse condition, vils et méprisables de toutes parts, [voici ce que sont les gens de la Syrie]! Ils ont besoin d’éducation, de formation, de science et d’apprentissage. Ils doivent vivre assujettis. Ils ne comptent ni parmi les Emigrés, ni parmi les Ansars, ni parmi ceux qui occupent la première place dans la Maison du Prophète et dans le cadre de la foi [N.B: ce portrait attribué aux gens de Cham s’applique particulièrement à Mou’awiyat],

Nahj al-Balāgha

Chapter #238