ومن خطبة له (عليه السلام) في أوّل خلافته

إنَّ اللهَ سُبْحَانَهُ أَنْزَلَ كِتَاباً هَادِياً بَيَّنَ فِيهِ الْخَيْرَ وَالْشَّرَّ; فَخُذُوا نَهْجَ الْخَيْرِ تَهْتَدُوا، وَاصْدِفُوا عَنْ سَمْتِ الشَّرِّ تَقْصِدُوا. الْفَرَائِضَ الْفَرائِضَ! أَدُّوهَا إلَى اللهِ تُؤَدِّكُمْ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ. إنَّ اللهَ تَعالَى حَرَّمَ حَرَاماً غَيْرَ مَجْهُول، وَأَحَلَّ حَلاَلاً غَيْرَ مَدْخُول ، وَفَضَّلَ حُرْمَةَ الْمُسْلِمِ عَلَى الْحُرَمِ كُلِّهَا، وَشَدَّ بِالاْخْلاَصِ وَالتَّوحِيدِ حُقُوقَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي مَعَاقِدِهَا، فَالْمُسْلِمُ مَنْ سَلِمَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِنْ لِسَانِهِ وَيَدِهِ إِلاَّ بِالْحَقِّ، وَلاَ يَحِلُّ أَذَى الْمُسْلِمِ إِلاَّ بَمَا يَجِبُ.

[Fulfilment of rights and obligations, and advice to fear Allāh in all matters :] Allāh, the Glorified, has sent down a guiding Book wherein He has explained virtue and vice. You should adopt the course of virtue whereby you will have guidance, and keep aloof from the direction of vice so that you remain on the right way. (Mind) the obligations, (mind) the obligations. Fulfil them for Allāh and they will take you to Paradise. Surely, Allāh has made unlawful the things which are not unknown and made lawful the things which are without defect. He has declared paying regard to Muslims as the highest of all regards. He has placed the rights of Muslims in the same grade (of importance) as devotion (to himself and His oneness). Therefore, a Muslim is one from whose tongue and hand every (other) Muslim is safe save in the matter of truth. It is not, therefore, lawful to molest a Muslim except when it is obligatory.

بَادِرُوا أَمْرَ الْعَامَّةِ وَخَاصَّةَ أَحَدِكُمْ وَهُوَ الْمَوْتُ، فَإنَّ النَّاسَ أَمَامَكُمْ، وَإِنَّ السَّاعَةَ تَحْدُوكُمْ مِنْ خَلْفِكُمْ، تَخَفَّفُوا تَلْحَقُوا، فَإنَّمَا يُنْتَظَرُ بِأَوَّلِكُمْ آخِرُكُمْ. اتَّقُوا اللهَ فِي عِبَادِهِ وَبِلاَدِهِ، فَإنَّكُمْ مَسْؤُولُونَ حَتَّى عَنِ الْبِقَاعِ وَالْبَهَائِمِ، أَطِيعُوا اللهَ وَلاَ تَعْصُوهُ، وَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمُ الْخَيْرَ فَخُذُوا بِهِ، وَإذَا رَأَيْتُمُ الشَّرَّ فَأَعْرِضُوا عَنْه

Hasten towards the most common matter which is peculiar to every one; and that is death. Certainly, people (who have already gone) are ahead of you while the hour (Day of Judgement) is driving you from behind. Remain light, in order that you may overtake them. Your backs are being awaited for the sake of the fronts. Fear Allāh in the matter of His creatures and His cities because you will be questioned even about lands and beasts. Obey Allāh and do not disobey Him. When you see virtue adopt it, and when you see vice avoid it.

Extrait d’un discours au début de son califat

Dieu, qu’il soit loué, a fait descendre un Livre directeur où II a montré le bien et le mal. Prenez le chemin du bien et vous serez bien guidés, éloignez-vous de la direction du mal et vous serez bien dirigés. Suivez les préceptes et les prescriptions divins! Us vous conduiront au Paradis. Dieu a prohibé ce qui est illicite -et vous le connaissez. Il a permis ce qui est licite et honorant. Il a préféré la non violabilité du musulman à toutes les choses sacrées inviolables. Il a consolidé les droits des musulmans qui sont sincères envers Lui et croient en son unicité. «Car le musulman est celui dont les musulmans échappent à la langue et à la main», sauf en ce qui concerne la justice qui permet leur châtiment.

Accourez vers le bien commun et spécialement vers votre mort personnelle. Les gens sont devant vous et l’Heure vous pousse de derrière. Allégez-vous des poids de ce monde pour atteindre le Jour du Jugement pendant lequel les premiers morts attendent rarrivée de derniers. Prenez garde de ne pas nuire aux serviteurs de Dieu et à Son pays, car vous êtes responsables des terres et des animaux. Obéissez à Dieu et n’enfreignez point Sa volonté. Si vous vovez le bien vous le ferez et le mai bous vous en détournerez.

Nahj al-Balāgha

Chapter #167