 The Cleansing Quality of Water

The Quantity of Water that Always Remains Clean

The Case of a Small Quantity of Water, the Water with a Dead Body in it and its use by a Man to Wash His Dirty Hand in it

The Case of a Well and Things that May Fall in It (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 2-12 as well as the following chapter.)

A Well near a Cesspool

Taking Wudu’ With Water from Which Animals, Beasts and Birds Have Drunk

Taking Wudu’ with the Water from Which a Woman during Her Hayd (menses), People After Having Carnal Relations, a Jew, a Christian or a Person Hostile toward ’A’immah Has Drunk (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 4-6 of this chapter.)

A Man Places His Hand in the Water before Washing, the Limit of Washing Hands Because of Carnal Relations, Urination, Feces and Sleeping

Mixing of Rain Water with Urine, with Water Used for Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Carnal Relations, Touching of One’s Cloth with Water Used for Washing Because of Urine

Water of Bath Houses and Water Heated by the Sun’s Rays

Places Not Desirable to Use as a Lavatory

Expressions to Say When Entering a Lavatory and When Coming Out

Draining Urine, Washing and If One Does Not Find Water

The Quantity of Water Required for Wudu’, Showers and One Who Is Excessive in the Use of Water for Wudu’

Brushing One’s Teeth

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils

Description of Wudu’

The Area of the Face and Hands to be Washed for Wudu’

Wiping of Head and Feet

Wiping Over the Shoes

Bandages and Wounds

Facing Doubts about Wudu’ Forgetting or Mixing Proper Order

Matters that Invalidate or Do not Invalidate Wudu’

One’s Stepping over Feces or Other Such Things

Certain Fluid, Which Is Other than Urine and Semen

Kinds of Ghusl (bath)

Matters Covered by Ghusl (bath)

Necessity of Ghusl (bath) on Friday

Description of Ghusl (bath), Wudu’ Before or Thereafter and a Man’s Ghusl (bath) in an Improper Place, Expressions to Say During Taking Ghusl (bath) and Moving a Ring During Ghusl (bath)

Reason Necessitating Ghusl (bath) for Men and Women

Wet Dreams of Men and Women

Finding Fluid Coming Out after Ghusl (bath)

One after Carnal Relations Eats, Drinks, Reads, Enters a Masjid, Dyes Hair, Uses Fragrance and So On

One after Carnal Relation Sweats in His Clothes, Clothes Touch His Wet Body

Semen or Al-Madhiy Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine of Animals and Their Dung

Clothes Come in Contact with Blood and Pus

Dogs Touching Clothes, Body and So On

Description of Tayammum

When Tayammum Is Necessary and Finding Water Thereafter

One’s having Little Water on a Journey but Is Afraid of Facing Thirst

One’s Experiencing Carnal Relations and Having Only Ice

Taking Tayammum with Clay

Bandages, Injuries, One’s Suffering from Smallpox and or Experiencing Carnal Relations

Rare Ahadith about Wudu’

Chapters on Hayd (menses)

Minimum and Maximum Duration of Hayd

Women’s Experiencing Hayd After or Before Their Date of Hayd

Women Observe Yellowish Blood Before or After Hayd (menses)

First Time Hayd (menses)

Examining if Hayd (menses) has Ended or Not

Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Hayd and the Kind of Water Needed

Women Find Blood after Sexual Relation

Comprehensive Instructions About Hayd (menses) and Istihadah (irregular menses)

Signs for Differentiating Between Blood of Hayd and Istihadah

Differentiating Among Blood of Hayd, Virginity or a Wound

Pregnant Woman Finds Blood

Blood Because of Childbirth

Blood Discharge after a Woman’s Experiencing Discharge-Free Period after Childbirth and Blood Discharge before Birth or after Childbirth

Matters Necessary for Women during Hayd at the Times of Salah (prayer)

Women Find Hayd Blood after the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) Before Performing It Or Become Clean Before the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) But Are Too Lazy for Ghusl (bath)

Women Feel Hayd during Salah (Prayer)

Women Must Make-up-for Fasting Because of Hayd but Not Salah (Prayer) 

Women’s Reading the Holy Quran During Hayd or Child-birth 

Women during Hayd Can Pick up Things from a Masjid but Must Not Leave Anything Therein

Women’s Hayd (menses) Stops, Comes Again and the Time of Menopause

Women’s Using Medicine to Have Hayd (menses) after It Stops 

Using Dye during Hayd (menses) 

Washing Clothes of Women during Hayd 

Women During Hayd Pick up Prayer Rug or Water 

Causes of Death and that Believing People May Die by any Manner of Dying 

The Reward for a Person Suffering from Illness 

Another Section on the Same Subject 

The Limits of Complaints 

A Patient’s Giving Permission to His Visitors 

How Often a Patient Should Be Visited, How Long the Duration of Visitation Should Be and Complete Visit 

The Limit of a Sudden Death 

The Virtue (Reward) of Visiting a Patient 

Dictations to a Dying Person

Difficulty in Dying (If Dying Becomes Difficult and the Agony of Death Intense) 

Facing the Dying Person Toward Qiblah

A Believing Person Is Not Caused to Die Against His Will

Things that Believers and Unbelievers See in Dying Conditions

Taking out of the Souls of Believing and Unbelievers

Burial Should Take Place Immediately

Rare Ahadith

Women during Hayd Nurse a Patient (The following chapters are about rules of washing a dead body for burial, shrouding and other matters of burial, and are best explained in the form of fatwa. Consult current fatwa about them.)

Washing a Dead Body

Hunut (Rubbing Camphor) on a Dead Body and Shrouding

Shrouding a Deceased Women

Undesirability of Perfuming the Shroud or Warming Water for Washing Dead Bodies

The Desirable Pieces of Shroud and the Undesirable Ones

The Amount of Water Needed for Ghusl (bath) of a Deceased Person

The Two Fresh Al-Jaridah (Twigs of Palm Tree)

Persons Dead Without Shower Due to Carnal Relations Hayd or Child Birth Reasons

Chapter 26- Dead Woman with a Baby Moving Inside Her

Cutting of Nails and Hairs of Dead Person Undesirable

Things Coming Out of a Dead Body after Ghusl (bath)

Washing of Persons of opposite Gender

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فِي مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ عَلَيْهِ زَكَاةٌ فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَ مَوْضُوعاً فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ زَكَاةٌ وَإِذَا عَمِلْتَ بِهِ فَأَنْتَ لَهُ ضَامِنٌ وَالرِّبْحُ لِلْيَتِيمِ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about the assets of the orphans if there is Zakat on it. He (the Imam) said, ‘If it (asset) is not active (not used in business) Zakat is not due on it. If you use it in business, then you are responsible for it and its profit belongs to the orphan.’” 

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ جَمِيعاً عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْعُطَارِدِ الْخَيَّاطِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) مَالُ الْيَتِيمِ يَكُونُ عِنْدِي فَأَتَّجِرُ بِهِ فَقَالَ إِذَا حَرَّكْتَهُ فَعَلَيْكَ زَكَاتُهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنِّي أُحَرِّكُهُ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَأَدَعُهُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ قَالَ عَلَيْكَ زَكَاتُهُ.

2. Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan and Ahmad ibn Idris from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar all from Safwan ibn Yahya from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar from abu al-‘Attar al-Khayyat who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the assets of orphans which are with me and I use it in business. He (the Imam) said, ‘If you move it, its Zakat is up on you.’ I then said, ‘I move it for eight months and leave it for four months.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Zakat due on it is on you.’” 

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) هَلْ عَلَى مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ زَكَاةٌ قَالَ لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُتَّجَرَ بِهِ أَوْ يُعْمَلَ بِهِ.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), if there is Zakat on orphan’s assets. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, Zakat is not due unless it is used in business or is made to work.’” 

4ـ حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ لَيْسَ عَلَى مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ زَكَاةٌ وَإِنْ بَلَغَ الْيَتِيمُ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ لِمَا مَضَى زَكَاةٌ وَلاَ عَلَيْهِ فِيمَا بَقِيَ حَتَّى يُدْرِكَ فَإِذَا أَدْرَكَ فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْهِ زَكَاةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ ثُمَّ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مِثْلُ مَا عَلَى غَيْرِهِ مِنَ النَّاسِ.

4. Hammad ibn ‘Isa has narrated from Hariz from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘Zakat is not due on orphans’ assets even when they become adults; they are not liable for Zakat of the previous years or of the remaining time, but when they become adults, they are required to pay Zakat. They are held responsible as others are held responsible.’” 

5ـ حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ أَنَّهُمَا قَالاَ لَيْسَ عَلَى مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ فِي الدِّينِ وَالْمَالِ الصَّامِتِ شَيْ‏ءٌ فَأَمَّا الْغَلاَّتُ فَعَلَيْهَا الصَّدَقَةُ وَاجِبَةٌ.

5. Hammad ibn ‘Isa has narrated from Hariz from Zurarah and Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Zakat is not due on loans people owe to orphans’ as well as on the orphans immoveable assets; however, it is obligatory to pay Zakat for the orphans’ grains.’” 

6ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ السَّمَّانِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ لَيْسَ فِي مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ زَكَاةٌ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُتَّجَرَ بِهِ فَإِنِ اتُّجِرَ بِهِ فَالرِّبْحُ لِلْيَتِيمِ فَإِنْ وُضِعَ فَعَلَى الَّذِي يَتَّجِرُ بِهِ.

6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ’Isma‘il ibn Marrar from Yunus from Sa‘id al-Samman who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘Zakat is not due on the assets of orphans unless it is used in business, in which case the profit belongs to the orphans’ and if it (using it in business) is assigned to someone, then Zakat is upon the one who uses it in business.’” 

7ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ أَرْسَلْتُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَنَّ لِي إِخْوَةً صِغَاراً فَمَتَى تَجِبُ عَلَى أَمْوَالِهِمُ الزَّكَاةُ قَالَ إِذَا وَجَبَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّلاَةُ وَجَبَتِ الزَّكَاةُ قُلْتُ فَمَا لَمْ تَجِبْ عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّلاَةُ قَالَ إِذَا اتُّجِرَ بِهِ فَزَكِّهِ.

7. Ahmad ibn Idris has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from Yunus ibn Ya‘qub who has said the following: “I once sent (a letter) to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), to find out when Zakat becomes obligatory for the assets of my small brothers. He (the Imam) said, ‘When Salah (prayer) becomes obligatory up on them, Zakat also become obligatory; however, in the case of those of them on whom Salah (prayer) is not obligatory but their asset is used in business, you must pay Zakat for such assets.’” 

8ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الْوَصِيِّ أَ يُزَكِّي زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرَةِ عَنِ الْيَتَامَى إِذَا كَانَ لَهُمْ مَالٌ قَالَ فَكَتَبَ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) لاَ زَكَاةَ عَلَى يَتِيمٍ. 

8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn al-Qasim ibn al-Fudayl who has said the following: “I once wrote to abu al-Hassan, al-Rida’ (a.s.), and asked about the executor of the will if it is obligatory on him to pay Zakat of al-Fitrah for the orphans if they have assets. He (the Imam) wrote to me, ‘Zakat is not due on orphans.” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

Book 5, Chapter 23