64. Rules about the Very Old or One with an Illness
Back to book1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَ تُصَلِّي النَّوَافِلَ وَأَنْتَ قَاعِدٌ فَقَالَ مَا أُصَلِّيهَا إِلاَّ وَأَنَا قَاعِدٌ مُنْذُ حَمَلْتُ هَذَا اللَّحْمَ وَبَلَغْتُ هَذَا السِّنَّ.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hanan ibn Sadir from his father who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ’Do you perform optional Salah (prayer) in a sitting position? He (the Imam) replied, ‘I perform them in a sitting position only from the time I have gained this much weight and reached this age.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: حسن أو موثق - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (15/332)
2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّا نَتَحَدَّثُ نَقُولُ مَنْ صَلَّى وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ مِنْ غَيْرِ عِلَّةٍ كَانَتْ صَلاَتُهُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ بِرَكْعَةٍ وَسَجْدَتَيْنِ بِسَجْدَةٍ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ هُوَ هَكَذَا هِيَ تَامَّةٌ لَكُمْ.
2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once said to abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, that we speak and say that whoever performs Salah (prayer) in a sitting position without good reason, his two Rak’at are counted as one Rak’at and his two Sajdah (prostration) are counted as one Sajdah (prostration). He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not that way. It is complete for you.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (5/332)
3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) مَا حَدُّ الْمَرِيضِ الَّذِي يُصَلِّي قَاعِداً فَقَالَ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيُوعَكُ وَيَحْرَجُ وَلَكِنَّهُ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِنَفْسِهِ وَلَكِنْ إِذَا قَوِيَ فَلْيَقُمْ.
3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘ Umayr from Jamil ibn Darraj who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who suffers from an illness. In what condition he is allowed to perform Salah (prayer) in a sitting position? He (the Imam) said, ‘A man is unwell and experiences anguish; however, he knows better about himself. When he is able he must stand up.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: حسن - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (5/333)
4ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ وَالْمَرْأَةِ يَذْهَبُ بَصَرُهُ فَيَأْتِيهِ الأطِبَّاءُ فَيَقُولُونَ نُدَاوِيكَ شَهْراً أَوْ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً مُسْتَلْقِياً كَذَلِكَ يُصَلِّي فَرَخَّصَ فِي ذَلِكَ وَقَالَ فَمَنِ اضْطُرَّ غَيْرَ باغٍ وَلا عادٍ فَلا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ.
4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man and a woman who lose their eyesight. Physicians say that they can treat them within a month or forty nights while they remain lying down on their back. Can they perform Salah (prayer) in this condition? He (the Imam) gave permission saying, ‘(Permission is granted to) those who are compelled and they are not rebels and transgressors. It is not a sin on them. (2:168)’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: صحيح - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (5/333)
5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَرِيضِ إِذَا لَمْ يَسْتَطِعِ الْقِيَامَ وَالسُّجُودَ قَالَ يُومِىُ بِرَأْسِهِ إِيمَاءً وَأَنْ يَضَعَ جَبْهَتَهُ عَلَى الأرْضِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ.
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who suffers from an illness and is not able to stand up and perform Sujud (prostrations). He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to perform his Salah (prayer) by making gestures with his head, and placing his forehead on the ground is lovelier to me.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: حسن - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (15/333)
6ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ عَامِرٍ رَفَعَهُ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ الْمَرِيضُ يُومِىُ إِيمَاءً.
6. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir in a marfu‘ manner from Jamil ibn Darraj from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘People suffering from illness can make gestures in their Salah (prayer).”’
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مرفوع - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (5/334)
7ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الْمَبْطُونِ فَقَالَ يَبْنِي عَلَى صَلاَتِهِ.
7. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad ibn abu Nasr from ibn Bukayr from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of one who suffers from an internal illness because of which is not able to control anal discharge. He (the Imam) said, ‘He continues his Salah (prayer) wherever in Salah (prayer) he is.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف على المشهور - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (5/334)
8ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ الرَّجُلُ يُصَلِّي وَهُوَ قَاعِدٌ فَيَقْرَأُ السُّورَةَ فَإِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْتِمَهَا قَامَ فَرَكَعَ بِآخِرِهَا قَالَ صَلاَتُهُ صَلاَةُ الْقَائِمِ.
8. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir from Ali ibn Mahziyar from Fadalah from Aban from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who performs Salah (prayer) in a sitting position. He recites Surah (chapter). When he wants to complete it he stands up then performs Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees). He (the Imam) said, ‘His Salah (prayer) is like that of the one who performs it in a standing position.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: موثق - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (15/334)
9ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ أَنَّ سِنَاناً سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَمُدُّ فِي الصَّلاَةِ إِحْدَى رِجْلَيْهِ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ قَالَ لاَ بَأْسَ وَلاَ أَرَاهُ إِلاَّ قَالَ فِي الْمُعْتَلِّ وَالْمَرِيضِ. وَفِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ يُصَلِّي مُتَرَبِّعاً وَمَادّاً رِجْلَيْهِ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ وَاسِعٌ.
9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from Mu‘awiyah ibn Maysarah who has said the following: “Sinan once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who during Salah (prayer) stretches one of his legs in his front while he is sitting. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’ I do not think except that he (the Imam) said it about one with health problems or illness. In another Hadith it is said that he can perform Salah (prayer) folding his legs in a square shape or stretch them, all of it is permissible.”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مجهول - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (15/335)
10ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سُئِلَ عَنِ الأسِيرِ يَأْسِرُهُ الْمُشْرِكُونَ فَتَحْضُرُ الصَّلاَةُ وَيَمْنَعُهُ الَّذِي أَسَرَهُ مِنْهَا قَالَ يُومِىُ إِيمَاءً.
10. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “He (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, was asked about the captive of the pagans. It becomes time for Salah (prayer) and the captor does not allow him to perform Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘He performs Salah (prayer) by making gestures.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: حسن أو موثق - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (5/335)
11ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فِي قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ الَّذِينَ يَذْكُرُونَ الله قِياماً وَقُعُوداً وَعَلى جُنُوبِهِمْ قَالَ الصَّحِيحُ يُصَلِّي قَائِماً وَقُعُوداً الْمَرِيضُ يُصَلِّي جَالِساً وَعَلى جُنُوبِهِمْ الَّذِي يَكُونُ أَضْعَفَ مِنَ الْمَرِيضِ الَّذِي يُصَلِّي جَالِساً.
11. Ali has narrated from his father from ibn Mahbub from abu Hamzah who has said the following: “About the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘. . . those who speak of Allah, standing, sitting and while lying on their sides. . .’ (32:15) abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘A healthy person performs Salah (prayer) standing. One suffering from an illness performs Salah (prayer) sitting, and ‘on their sides’ is for one who is weaker than a patient who performs Salah (prayer) in a sitting position.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: حسن - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (5/335)
12ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ يُصَلِّي الْمَرِيضُ قَاعِداً فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ صَلَّى مُسْتَلْقِياً يُكَبِّرُ ثُمَّ يَقْرَأُ فَإِذَا أَرَادَ الرُّكُوعَ غَمَّضَ عَيْنَيْهِ ثُمَّ سَبَّحَ ثُمَّ يَفْتَحُ عَيْنَيْهِ فَيَكُونُ فَتْحُ عَيْنَيْهِ رَفْعَ رَأْسِهِ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ فَإِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْجُدَ غَمَّضَ عَيْنَيْهِ ثُمَّ سَبَّحَ فَإِذَا سَبَّحَ فَتَحَ عَيْنَيْهِ فَيَكُونُ فَتْحُ عَيْنَيْهِ رَفْعَ رَأْسِهِ مِنَ السُّجُودِ ثُمَّ يَتَشَهَّدُ وَيَنْصَرِفُ.
12. Ali has narrated from his father from those who narrated to him who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘One suffering from an illness performs Salah (prayer) in a sitting position; if one cannot do this also, one does so while lying on one’s back, says Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) then recites. For Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees) closes his eyes, then says Tasbih (Allah is free of all defects), then opens his eyes. Opening one’s eyes is considered standing up from Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees). For Sajdah (prostration) one closes one’s eyes, then says Tasbih (Allah is free of all defects) and then opens one’s eyes which is considered raising one’s head from Sajdah (prostration). Then one says Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and ends Salah (prayer).”’
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مرسل - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (15/336)
13ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْمَرِيضِ أَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَقُومَ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ وَيَسْجُدَ عَلَى الأرْضِ قَالَ فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَ الْفِرَاشُ غَلِيظاً قَدْرَ آجُرَّةٍ أَوْ أَقَلَّ اسْتَقَامَ لَهُ أَنْ يَقُومَ عَلَيْهِ وَيَسْجُدَ عَلَى الأرْضِ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلاَ.
13. Ahmad ibn Idris has narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan from ‘Amr ibn Sa‘id from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who suffers from an illness: if it is permissible to stand up on his floor furnishing and perform Sajdah (prostration) on earth. He (the Imam) said, ‘If the furnishing is thick of the size of a brick or less, he can stand up on it and perform Sajdah (prostration) on earth, but if it is more than that, then it is not permissible.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: موثق - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (15/336)