 The Cleansing Quality of Water

The Quantity of Water that Always Remains Clean

The Case of a Small Quantity of Water, the Water with a Dead Body in it and its use by a Man to Wash His Dirty Hand in it

The Case of a Well and Things that May Fall in It (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 2-12 as well as the following chapter.)

A Well near a Cesspool

Taking Wudu’ With Water from Which Animals, Beasts and Birds Have Drunk

Taking Wudu’ with the Water from Which a Woman during Her Hayd (menses), People After Having Carnal Relations, a Jew, a Christian or a Person Hostile toward ’A’immah Has Drunk (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 4-6 of this chapter.)

A Man Places His Hand in the Water before Washing, the Limit of Washing Hands Because of Carnal Relations, Urination, Feces and Sleeping

Mixing of Rain Water with Urine, with Water Used for Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Carnal Relations, Touching of One’s Cloth with Water Used for Washing Because of Urine

Water of Bath Houses and Water Heated by the Sun’s Rays

Places Not Desirable to Use as a Lavatory

Expressions to Say When Entering a Lavatory and When Coming Out

Draining Urine, Washing and If One Does Not Find Water

The Quantity of Water Required for Wudu’, Showers and One Who Is Excessive in the Use of Water for Wudu’

Brushing One’s Teeth

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils

Description of Wudu’

The Area of the Face and Hands to be Washed for Wudu’

Wiping of Head and Feet

Wiping Over the Shoes

Bandages and Wounds

Facing Doubts about Wudu’ Forgetting or Mixing Proper Order

Matters that Invalidate or Do not Invalidate Wudu’

One’s Stepping over Feces or Other Such Things

Certain Fluid, Which Is Other than Urine and Semen

Kinds of Ghusl (bath)

Matters Covered by Ghusl (bath)

Necessity of Ghusl (bath) on Friday

Description of Ghusl (bath), Wudu’ Before or Thereafter and a Man’s Ghusl (bath) in an Improper Place, Expressions to Say During Taking Ghusl (bath) and Moving a Ring During Ghusl (bath)

Reason Necessitating Ghusl (bath) for Men and Women

Wet Dreams of Men and Women

Finding Fluid Coming Out after Ghusl (bath)

One after Carnal Relations Eats, Drinks, Reads, Enters a Masjid, Dyes Hair, Uses Fragrance and So On

One after Carnal Relation Sweats in His Clothes, Clothes Touch His Wet Body

Semen or Al-Madhiy Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine of Animals and Their Dung

Clothes Come in Contact with Blood and Pus

Dogs Touching Clothes, Body and So On

Description of Tayammum

When Tayammum Is Necessary and Finding Water Thereafter

One’s having Little Water on a Journey but Is Afraid of Facing Thirst

One’s Experiencing Carnal Relations and Having Only Ice

Taking Tayammum with Clay

Bandages, Injuries, One’s Suffering from Smallpox and or Experiencing Carnal Relations

Rare Ahadith about Wudu’

Chapters on Hayd (menses)

Minimum and Maximum Duration of Hayd

Women’s Experiencing Hayd After or Before Their Date of Hayd

Women Observe Yellowish Blood Before or After Hayd (menses)

First Time Hayd (menses)

Examining if Hayd (menses) has Ended or Not

Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Hayd and the Kind of Water Needed

Women Find Blood after Sexual Relation

Comprehensive Instructions About Hayd (menses) and Istihadah (irregular menses)

Signs for Differentiating Between Blood of Hayd and Istihadah

Differentiating Among Blood of Hayd, Virginity or a Wound

Pregnant Woman Finds Blood

Blood Because of Childbirth

Blood Discharge after a Woman’s Experiencing Discharge-Free Period after Childbirth and Blood Discharge before Birth or after Childbirth

Matters Necessary for Women during Hayd at the Times of Salah (prayer)

Women Find Hayd Blood after the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) Before Performing It Or Become Clean Before the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) But Are Too Lazy for Ghusl (bath)

Women Feel Hayd during Salah (Prayer)

Women Must Make-up-for Fasting Because of Hayd but Not Salah (Prayer) 

Women’s Reading the Holy Quran During Hayd or Child-birth 

Women during Hayd Can Pick up Things from a Masjid but Must Not Leave Anything Therein

Women’s Hayd (menses) Stops, Comes Again and the Time of Menopause

Women’s Using Medicine to Have Hayd (menses) after It Stops 

Using Dye during Hayd (menses) 

Washing Clothes of Women during Hayd 

Women During Hayd Pick up Prayer Rug or Water 

Causes of Death and that Believing People May Die by any Manner of Dying 

The Reward for a Person Suffering from Illness 

Another Section on the Same Subject 

The Limits of Complaints 

A Patient’s Giving Permission to His Visitors 

How Often a Patient Should Be Visited, How Long the Duration of Visitation Should Be and Complete Visit 

The Limit of a Sudden Death 

The Virtue (Reward) of Visiting a Patient 

Dictations to a Dying Person

Difficulty in Dying (If Dying Becomes Difficult and the Agony of Death Intense) 

Facing the Dying Person Toward Qiblah

A Believing Person Is Not Caused to Die Against His Will

Things that Believers and Unbelievers See in Dying Conditions

Taking out of the Souls of Believing and Unbelievers

Burial Should Take Place Immediately

Rare Ahadith

Women during Hayd Nurse a Patient (The following chapters are about rules of washing a dead body for burial, shrouding and other matters of burial, and are best explained in the form of fatwa. Consult current fatwa about them.)

Washing a Dead Body

Hunut (Rubbing Camphor) on a Dead Body and Shrouding

Shrouding a Deceased Women

Undesirability of Perfuming the Shroud or Warming Water for Washing Dead Bodies

The Desirable Pieces of Shroud and the Undesirable Ones

The Amount of Water Needed for Ghusl (bath) of a Deceased Person

The Two Fresh Al-Jaridah (Twigs of Palm Tree)

Persons Dead Without Shower Due to Carnal Relations Hayd or Child Birth Reasons

Chapter 26- Dead Woman with a Baby Moving Inside Her

Cutting of Nails and Hairs of Dead Person Undesirable

Things Coming Out of a Dead Body after Ghusl (bath)

Washing of Persons of opposite Gender

1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِنَّ عَمَّاراً السَّابَاطِيَّ رَوَى عَنْكَ رِوَايَةً قَالَ وَمَا هِيَ قُلْتُ رَوَى أَنَّ السُّنَّةَ فَرِيضَةٌ فَقَالَ أَيْنَ يَذْهَبُ أَيْنَ يَذْهَبُ لَيْسَ هَكَذَا حَدَّثْتُهُ إِنَّمَا قُلْتُ لَهُ مَنْ صَلَّى فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى صَلاَتِهِ لَمْ يُحَدِّثْ نَفْسَهُ فِيهَا أَوْ لَمْ يَسْهُ فِيهَا أَقْبَلَ الله عَلَيْهِ مَا أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهَا فَرُبَّمَا رُفِعَ نِصْفُهَا أَوْ رُبُعُهَا أَوْ ثُلُثُهَا أَوْ خُمُسُهَا وَإِنَّمَا أَمَرْنَا بِالسُّنَّةِ لِيَكْمُلَ بِهَا مَا ذَهَبَ مِنَ الْمَكْتُوبَةِ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Hisham ibn Salim from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), "Ammar al-Sabatiy has narrated from you a Hadith.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘What Hadith is it? 5 I then said, ‘He narrates that Sunnah is obligatory.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Where does he go! Where does he go! I did not speak to him as such. I only said to him that when performing Salah (prayer) if one is attentive toward it, does not speak to one’s soul in it and does not make mistakes in it, Allah comes forward eagerly to what is performed eagerly. Perhaps one half is raised, one fourth, one third or one fifth is raised. We command to perform Sunnah only to complete what is missed of obligatory ones.’” 

2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ لَيُرْفَعُ لَهُ مِنْ صَلاَتِهِ نِصْفُهَا أَوْ ثُلُثُهَا أَوْ رُبُعُهَا أَوْ خُمُسُهَا فَمَا يُرْفَعُ لَهُ إِلاَّ مَا أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ بِقَلْبِهِ وَإِنَّمَا أَمَرْنَا بِالنَّافِلَةِ لِيَتِمَّ لَهُمْ بِهَا مَا نَقَصُوا مِنَ الْفَرِيضَةِ.

2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr Hisham ibn Salim from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Of Salah (prayer) of a servant (of Allah) sometimes one-half, sometimes one-third, one-fourth or one-fifth is raised. Whatever is raised is only what one has performed with love from his heart. We only command to perform optional Salah (prayer) to complete what it is cut short of obligatory ones.’” 

3ـ وَعَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَجُلٌ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ إِنِّي كَثِيرُ السَّهْوِ فِي الصَّلاَةِ فَقَالَ وَهَلْ يَسْلَمُ مِنْهُ أَحَدٌ فَقُلْتُ مَا أَظُنُّ أَحَداً أَكْثَرَ سَهْواً مِنِّي فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ يُرْفَعُ لَهُ ثُلُثُ صَلاَتِهِ وَنِصْفُهَا وَثَلاَثَةُ أَرْبَاعِهَا وَأَقَلُّ وَأَكْثَرُ عَلَى قَدْرِ سَهْوِهِ فِيهَا لَكِنَّهُ يَتِمُّ لَهُ مِنَ النَّوَافِلِ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ مَا أَرَى النَّوَافِلَ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ تُتْرَكَ عَلَى حَالٍ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَجَلْ لاَ.

3. It is a narration from him (narrator of previous Hadith) by Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir from who has said the following: “Once, when I was present, a man said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, I make a great number of mistakes in my Salah (prayer).’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Has anyone remained safe thereby?’ I (the narrator) then said, ‘I think no one makes as many mistakes as I do.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), then said to him, ‘O abu Muhammad, sometimes of Salah (prayer) of a servant (of Allah) one-third is raised, sometimes one-half or three- fourth or less or more depending upon the quantity of one’s mistakes in that Salah (prayer). However, it is completed with his optional Salah (prayer).’ Abu Basir then said to him (the Imam), ‘I think, optional Salah (prayer) should not be omitted in any condition.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), then said, ‘Yes, it should not be omitted.’” 

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَنَّهُمَا قَالاَ إِنَّمَا لَكَ مِنْ صَلاَتِكَ مَا أَقْبَلْتَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْهَا فَإِنْ أَوْهَمَهَا كُلَّهَا أَوْ غَفَلَ عَنْ أَدَائِهَا لُفَّتْ فَضُرِبَ بِهَا وَجْهُ صَاحِبِهَا.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan all from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Fudayl ibn Yasar who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, and abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, have said, ‘Of your Salah (prayer) only that much is for you which you have performed with love. If one instills delusion in Salah (prayer) or omits it altogether, then such Salah (prayer) is rolled up and is struck against the face of its owner.’” 

5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ قَالَ فِي كِتَابِ حَرِيزٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِنِّي نَسِيتُ أَنِّي فِي صَلاَةٍ فَرِيضَةٍ حَتَّى رَكَعْتُ وَأَنَا أَنْوِيهَا تَطَوُّعاً قَالَ فَقَالَ هِيَ الَّتِي قُمْتَ فِيهَا إِنْ كُنْتَ قُمْتَ وَأَنْتَ تَنْوِي فَرِيضَةً ثُمَّ دَخَلَكَ الشَّكُّ فَأَنْتَ فِي الْفَرِيضَةِ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ دَخَلْتَ فِي نَافِلَةٍ فَنَوَيْتَهَا فَرِيضَةً فَأَنْتَ فِي النَّافِلَةِ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ دَخَلْتَ فِي فَرِيضَةٍ ثُمَّ ذَكَرْتَ نَافِلَةً كَانَتْ عَلَيْكَ فَامْضِ فِي الْفَرِيضَةِ. 

5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah who has said the following: “It is in the book of Hariz who has said that once I forgot about my being in obligatory Salah (prayer) until Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees). Can I make my intention for it to be an optional Salah (prayer)? He (the Imam) (a.s.), said, ‘It is what you had stood up for. If you stood up to perform an obligatory Salah (prayer) then doubts entered, you are still in obligatory Salah (prayer). If you stood up for optional Salah (prayer) then made your intention for obligatory Salah (prayer), you were still in optional Salah (prayer). If you stood up for obligatory then you remembered optional Salah (prayer) which was due, you were to complete it as obligatory.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

Book 4, Chapter 44