 The Cleansing Quality of Water

The Quantity of Water that Always Remains Clean

The Case of a Small Quantity of Water, the Water with a Dead Body in it and its use by a Man to Wash His Dirty Hand in it

The Case of a Well and Things that May Fall in It (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 2-12 as well as the following chapter.)

A Well near a Cesspool

Taking Wudu’ With Water from Which Animals, Beasts and Birds Have Drunk

Taking Wudu’ with the Water from Which a Woman during Her Hayd (menses), People After Having Carnal Relations, a Jew, a Christian or a Person Hostile toward ’A’immah Has Drunk (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 4-6 of this chapter.)

A Man Places His Hand in the Water before Washing, the Limit of Washing Hands Because of Carnal Relations, Urination, Feces and Sleeping

Mixing of Rain Water with Urine, with Water Used for Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Carnal Relations, Touching of One’s Cloth with Water Used for Washing Because of Urine

Water of Bath Houses and Water Heated by the Sun’s Rays

Places Not Desirable to Use as a Lavatory

Expressions to Say When Entering a Lavatory and When Coming Out

Draining Urine, Washing and If One Does Not Find Water

The Quantity of Water Required for Wudu’, Showers and One Who Is Excessive in the Use of Water for Wudu’

Brushing One’s Teeth

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils

Description of Wudu’

The Area of the Face and Hands to be Washed for Wudu’

Wiping of Head and Feet

Wiping Over the Shoes

Bandages and Wounds

Facing Doubts about Wudu’ Forgetting or Mixing Proper Order

Matters that Invalidate or Do not Invalidate Wudu’

One’s Stepping over Feces or Other Such Things

Certain Fluid, Which Is Other than Urine and Semen

Kinds of Ghusl (bath)

Matters Covered by Ghusl (bath)

Necessity of Ghusl (bath) on Friday

Description of Ghusl (bath), Wudu’ Before or Thereafter and a Man’s Ghusl (bath) in an Improper Place, Expressions to Say During Taking Ghusl (bath) and Moving a Ring During Ghusl (bath)

Reason Necessitating Ghusl (bath) for Men and Women

Wet Dreams of Men and Women

Finding Fluid Coming Out after Ghusl (bath)

One after Carnal Relations Eats, Drinks, Reads, Enters a Masjid, Dyes Hair, Uses Fragrance and So On

One after Carnal Relation Sweats in His Clothes, Clothes Touch His Wet Body

Semen or Al-Madhiy Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine of Animals and Their Dung

Clothes Come in Contact with Blood and Pus

Dogs Touching Clothes, Body and So On

Description of Tayammum

When Tayammum Is Necessary and Finding Water Thereafter

One’s having Little Water on a Journey but Is Afraid of Facing Thirst

One’s Experiencing Carnal Relations and Having Only Ice

Taking Tayammum with Clay

Bandages, Injuries, One’s Suffering from Smallpox and or Experiencing Carnal Relations

Rare Ahadith about Wudu’

Chapters on Hayd (menses)

Minimum and Maximum Duration of Hayd

Women’s Experiencing Hayd After or Before Their Date of Hayd

Women Observe Yellowish Blood Before or After Hayd (menses)

First Time Hayd (menses)

Examining if Hayd (menses) has Ended or Not

Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Hayd and the Kind of Water Needed

Women Find Blood after Sexual Relation

Comprehensive Instructions About Hayd (menses) and Istihadah (irregular menses)

Signs for Differentiating Between Blood of Hayd and Istihadah

Differentiating Among Blood of Hayd, Virginity or a Wound

Pregnant Woman Finds Blood

Blood Because of Childbirth

Blood Discharge after a Woman’s Experiencing Discharge-Free Period after Childbirth and Blood Discharge before Birth or after Childbirth

Matters Necessary for Women during Hayd at the Times of Salah (prayer)

Women Find Hayd Blood after the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) Before Performing It Or Become Clean Before the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) But Are Too Lazy for Ghusl (bath)

Women Feel Hayd during Salah (Prayer)

Women Must Make-up-for Fasting Because of Hayd but Not Salah (Prayer) 

Women’s Reading the Holy Quran During Hayd or Child-birth 

Women during Hayd Can Pick up Things from a Masjid but Must Not Leave Anything Therein

Women’s Hayd (menses) Stops, Comes Again and the Time of Menopause

Women’s Using Medicine to Have Hayd (menses) after It Stops 

Using Dye during Hayd (menses) 

Washing Clothes of Women during Hayd 

Women During Hayd Pick up Prayer Rug or Water 

Causes of Death and that Believing People May Die by any Manner of Dying 

The Reward for a Person Suffering from Illness 

Another Section on the Same Subject 

The Limits of Complaints 

A Patient’s Giving Permission to His Visitors 

How Often a Patient Should Be Visited, How Long the Duration of Visitation Should Be and Complete Visit 

The Limit of a Sudden Death 

The Virtue (Reward) of Visiting a Patient 

Dictations to a Dying Person

Difficulty in Dying (If Dying Becomes Difficult and the Agony of Death Intense) 

Facing the Dying Person Toward Qiblah

A Believing Person Is Not Caused to Die Against His Will

Things that Believers and Unbelievers See in Dying Conditions

Taking out of the Souls of Believing and Unbelievers

Burial Should Take Place Immediately

Rare Ahadith

Women during Hayd Nurse a Patient (The following chapters are about rules of washing a dead body for burial, shrouding and other matters of burial, and are best explained in the form of fatwa. Consult current fatwa about them.)

Washing a Dead Body

Hunut (Rubbing Camphor) on a Dead Body and Shrouding

Shrouding a Deceased Women

Undesirability of Perfuming the Shroud or Warming Water for Washing Dead Bodies

The Desirable Pieces of Shroud and the Undesirable Ones

The Amount of Water Needed for Ghusl (bath) of a Deceased Person

The Two Fresh Al-Jaridah (Twigs of Palm Tree)

Persons Dead Without Shower Due to Carnal Relations Hayd or Child Birth Reasons

Chapter 26- Dead Woman with a Baby Moving Inside Her

Cutting of Nails and Hairs of Dead Person Undesirable

Things Coming Out of a Dead Body after Ghusl (bath)

Washing of Persons of opposite Gender

1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) يَجْعَلُ الْعَنَزَةَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ إِذَا صَلَّى.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from Mu‘awiyah ibn Wahab who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah would place his staff in front of the place where he performed Salah (prayer).’” 

2ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ كَانَ طُولُ رَحْلِ رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) ذِرَاعاً وَكَانَ إِذَا صَلَّى وَضَعَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ يَسْتَتِرُ بِهِ مِمَّنْ يَمُرُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ.

2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from ibn Sinan from ibn Muskan from abu Basir from who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The length of the staff of the Messenger of Allah was one yard and he would place it in his front for a barrier between himself and people passing by.’” 

3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ هَلْ يَقْطَعُ صَلاَتَهُ شَيْ‏ءٌ مِمَّا يَمُرُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ لاَ يَقْطَعُ صَلاَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِ شَيْ‏ءٌ وَلَكِنِ ادْرَءُوا مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ. وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ لاَ يَقْطَعُ الصَّلاَةَ شَيْ‏ءٌ لاَ كَلْبٌ وَلاَ حِمَارٌ وَلاَ امْرَأَةٌ وَلَكِنِ اسْتَتِرُوا بِشَيْ‏ءٍ فَإِنْ كَانَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ قَدْرُ ذِرَاعٍ رَافِعاً مِنَ الأرْضِ فَقَدِ اسْتَتَرْتَ. قَالَ الْكُلَيْنِيُّ وَالْفَضْلُ فِي هَذَا أَنْ تَسْتَتِرَ بِشَيْ‏ءٍ وَتَضَعَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ مَا تَتَّقِي بِهِ مِنَ الْمَارِّ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَلَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ لأَنَّ الَّذِي يُصَلِّي لَهُ الْمُصَلِّي أَقْرَبُ إِلَيْهِ مِمَّنْ يَمُرُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَلَكِنْ ذَلِكَ أَدَبُ الصَّلاَةِ وَتَوْقِيرُهَا.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from ibn Muskan from ibn abu Ya‘fur who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man whose Salah (prayer) is discontinued because of something moving in front of him. He (the Imam) said, ‘Things do not discontinue Salah (prayer) of the believer, but guard it as much as you can.’” “In the narration of ibn Muskan from abu Basir from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), it is said that things do not discontinue Salah (prayer), not a dog, donkey and woman, but place a barrier in front of yourselves, of the size of one yard high above ground; it is enough of a barrier.’” Al-Kulayni has said that it is better to establish a barrier with something, which you can place in front of yourselves and those passing-by. If you did not do so, it is not harmful because the one for whom one performs Salah (prayer) is closer than passing-by one, but it is a matter of the discipline of Salah (prayer) and its respect. 

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ رَفَعَهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ دَخَلَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فَقَالَ لَهُ رَأَيْتُ ابْنَكَ مُوسَى (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يُصَلِّي وَالنَّاسُ يَمُرُّونَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَلاَ يَنْهَاهُمْ وَفِيهِ مَا فِيهِ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) ادْعُوا لِي مُوسَى فَدُعِيَ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنَّ أَبَا حَنِيفَةَ يَذْكُرُ أَنَّكَ كُنْتَ تُصَلِّي وَالنَّاسُ يَمُرُّونَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ فَلَمْ تَنْهَهُمْ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ يَا أَبَةِ إِنَّ الَّذِي كُنْتُ أُصَلِّي لَهُ كَانَ أَقْرَبَ إِلَيَّ مِنْهُمْ يَقُولُ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَنَحْنُ أَقْرَبُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ حَبْلِ الْوَرِيدِ قَالَ فَضَمَّهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِلَى نَفْسِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي يَا مُوَدَّعَ الأسْرَارِ. وَهَذَا تَأْدِيبٌ مِنْهُ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) لاَ أَنَّهُ تَرَكَ الْفَضْلَ. 

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father in a marfu’ manner from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Once, abu Hanifah went to see abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.). On his arrival he said, ‘I saw your son Musa perform Salah (prayer) while people passed by in front of him; but he did not stop them and it is questionable.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), asked to call Musa. He was called and he asked, ‘Son, abu Hanifah says that you were performing Salah (prayer) and people passed by in front of you, but you did not stop them.’ He replied, ‘Yes, O father, the One for whom I was performing Salah (prayer) was closer to me than people passing by in front of me. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, says, “We are closer to him than the jugular vein.’” (50:16) The narrator has said that he (the Imam) then embraced him and then said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep me and my mother in service for your cause, O reservoir of secrets.’ (Imam’s response is to show the significance of Salah (prayer) not to compromising any excellence.)” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

Book 4, Chapter 14