 The Cleansing Quality of Water

The Quantity of Water that Always Remains Clean

The Case of a Small Quantity of Water, the Water with a Dead Body in it and its use by a Man to Wash His Dirty Hand in it

The Case of a Well and Things that May Fall in It (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 2-12 as well as the following chapter.)

A Well near a Cesspool

Taking Wudu’ With Water from Which Animals, Beasts and Birds Have Drunk

Taking Wudu’ with the Water from Which a Woman during Her Hayd (menses), People After Having Carnal Relations, a Jew, a Christian or a Person Hostile toward ’A’immah Has Drunk (Fatwa best explains Ahadith 4-6 of this chapter.)

A Man Places His Hand in the Water before Washing, the Limit of Washing Hands Because of Carnal Relations, Urination, Feces and Sleeping

Mixing of Rain Water with Urine, with Water Used for Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Carnal Relations, Touching of One’s Cloth with Water Used for Washing Because of Urine

Water of Bath Houses and Water Heated by the Sun’s Rays

Places Not Desirable to Use as a Lavatory

Expressions to Say When Entering a Lavatory and When Coming Out

Draining Urine, Washing and If One Does Not Find Water

The Quantity of Water Required for Wudu’, Showers and One Who Is Excessive in the Use of Water for Wudu’

Brushing One’s Teeth

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils

Description of Wudu’

The Area of the Face and Hands to be Washed for Wudu’

Wiping of Head and Feet

Wiping Over the Shoes

Bandages and Wounds

Facing Doubts about Wudu’ Forgetting or Mixing Proper Order

Matters that Invalidate or Do not Invalidate Wudu’

One’s Stepping over Feces or Other Such Things

Certain Fluid, Which Is Other than Urine and Semen

Kinds of Ghusl (bath)

Matters Covered by Ghusl (bath)

Necessity of Ghusl (bath) on Friday

Description of Ghusl (bath), Wudu’ Before or Thereafter and a Man’s Ghusl (bath) in an Improper Place, Expressions to Say During Taking Ghusl (bath) and Moving a Ring During Ghusl (bath)

Reason Necessitating Ghusl (bath) for Men and Women

Wet Dreams of Men and Women

Finding Fluid Coming Out after Ghusl (bath)

One after Carnal Relations Eats, Drinks, Reads, Enters a Masjid, Dyes Hair, Uses Fragrance and So On

One after Carnal Relation Sweats in His Clothes, Clothes Touch His Wet Body

Semen or Al-Madhiy Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine Comes in Contact with One’s Clothes or Body

Urine of Animals and Their Dung

Clothes Come in Contact with Blood and Pus

Dogs Touching Clothes, Body and So On

Description of Tayammum

When Tayammum Is Necessary and Finding Water Thereafter

One’s having Little Water on a Journey but Is Afraid of Facing Thirst

One’s Experiencing Carnal Relations and Having Only Ice

Taking Tayammum with Clay

Bandages, Injuries, One’s Suffering from Smallpox and or Experiencing Carnal Relations

Rare Ahadith about Wudu’

Chapters on Hayd (menses)

Minimum and Maximum Duration of Hayd

Women’s Experiencing Hayd After or Before Their Date of Hayd

Women Observe Yellowish Blood Before or After Hayd (menses)

First Time Hayd (menses)

Examining if Hayd (menses) has Ended or Not

Taking Ghusl (bath) Because of Hayd and the Kind of Water Needed

Women Find Blood after Sexual Relation

Comprehensive Instructions About Hayd (menses) and Istihadah (irregular menses)

Signs for Differentiating Between Blood of Hayd and Istihadah

Differentiating Among Blood of Hayd, Virginity or a Wound

Pregnant Woman Finds Blood

Blood Because of Childbirth

Blood Discharge after a Woman’s Experiencing Discharge-Free Period after Childbirth and Blood Discharge before Birth or after Childbirth

Matters Necessary for Women during Hayd at the Times of Salah (prayer)

Women Find Hayd Blood after the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) Before Performing It Or Become Clean Before the Coming of the Time for a Salah (Prayer) But Are Too Lazy for Ghusl (bath)

Women Feel Hayd during Salah (Prayer)

Women Must Make-up-for Fasting Because of Hayd but Not Salah (Prayer) 

Women’s Reading the Holy Quran During Hayd or Child-birth 

Women during Hayd Can Pick up Things from a Masjid but Must Not Leave Anything Therein

Women’s Hayd (menses) Stops, Comes Again and the Time of Menopause

Women’s Using Medicine to Have Hayd (menses) after It Stops 

Using Dye during Hayd (menses) 

Washing Clothes of Women during Hayd 

Women During Hayd Pick up Prayer Rug or Water 

Causes of Death and that Believing People May Die by any Manner of Dying 

The Reward for a Person Suffering from Illness 

Another Section on the Same Subject 

The Limits of Complaints 

A Patient’s Giving Permission to His Visitors 

How Often a Patient Should Be Visited, How Long the Duration of Visitation Should Be and Complete Visit 

The Limit of a Sudden Death 

The Virtue (Reward) of Visiting a Patient 

Dictations to a Dying Person

Difficulty in Dying (If Dying Becomes Difficult and the Agony of Death Intense) 

Facing the Dying Person Toward Qiblah

A Believing Person Is Not Caused to Die Against His Will

Things that Believers and Unbelievers See in Dying Conditions

Taking out of the Souls of Believing and Unbelievers

Burial Should Take Place Immediately

Rare Ahadith

Women during Hayd Nurse a Patient (The following chapters are about rules of washing a dead body for burial, shrouding and other matters of burial, and are best explained in the form of fatwa. Consult current fatwa about them.)

Washing a Dead Body

Hunut (Rubbing Camphor) on a Dead Body and Shrouding

Shrouding a Deceased Women

Undesirability of Perfuming the Shroud or Warming Water for Washing Dead Bodies

The Desirable Pieces of Shroud and the Undesirable Ones

The Amount of Water Needed for Ghusl (bath) of a Deceased Person

The Two Fresh Al-Jaridah (Twigs of Palm Tree)

Persons Dead Without Shower Due to Carnal Relations Hayd or Child Birth Reasons

Chapter 26- Dead Woman with a Baby Moving Inside Her

Cutting of Nails and Hairs of Dead Person Undesirable

Things Coming Out of a Dead Body after Ghusl (bath)

Washing of Persons of opposite Gender

1ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَتَبَسَّمَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ الله رَأَيْنَاكَ رَفَعْتَ رَأْسَكَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَتَبَسَّمْتَ قَالَ نَعَمْ عَجِبْتُ لِمَلَكَيْنِ هَبَطَا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ إِلَى الأرْضِ يَلْتَمِسَانِ عَبْداً مُؤْمِناً صَالِحاً فِي مُصَلًّى كَانَ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ لِيَكْتُبَا لَهُ عَمَلَهُ فِي يَوْمِهِ وَلَيْلَتِهِ فَلَمْ يَجِدَاهُ فِي مُصَلاَّهُ فَعَرَجَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَقَالاَ رَبَّنَا عَبْدُكَ الْمُؤْمِنُ فُلاَنٌ الْتَمَسْنَاهُ فِي مُصَلاَّهُ لِنَكْتُبَ لَهُ عَمَلَهُ لِيَوْمِهِ وَلَيْلَتِهِ فَلَمْ نُصِبْهُ فَوَجَدْنَاهُ فِي حِبَالِكَ فَقَالَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ اكْتُبَا لِعَبْدِي مِثْلَ مَا كَانَ يَعْمَلُهُ فِي صِحَّتِهِ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ فِي يَوْمِهِ وَلَيْلَتِهِ مَا دَامَ فِي حِبَالِي فَإِنَّ عَلَيَّ أَنْ أَكْتُبَ لَهُ أَجْرَ مَا كَانَ يَعْمَلُهُ فِي صِحَّتِهِ إِذَا حَبَسْتُهُ عَنْهُ.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that once the Messenger of Allah raised his head to the heaven and smiled. He was asked, ‘O Messenger of Allah, we saw you. Why did you raise your head to the heaven and smile?’ He then replied, ‘I was amazed when I saw two angels come down from the heaven looking for a believing, virtuous servant (of Allah) in the place he performs his prayers, so they can record his deeds of that day and night but they could not find him there. They then ascended to the heaven saying, “Lord, we looked for Your so and so believing servant in the place of his prayer to record the deeds of his day and night, but could not find him there. However, we found him (tied down) with Your ropes.’” Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, said, “Write down for My servant (a reward) equal to that of his good deeds that he normally did in his day and night when free of (illness due to) My ropes. Do so as long as he is tied down with My ropes; I must write down for him when tied down with My ropes (suffering from illness) a reward equal to the reward of the good deeds that he did when in good health.’”” 

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) إِنَّ الْمُسْلِمَ إِذَا غَلَبَهُ ضَعْفُ الْكِبَرِ أَمَرَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ الْمَلَكَ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ لَهُ فِي حَالِهِ تِلْكَ مِثْلَ مَا كَانَ يَعْمَلُ وَهُوَ شَابٌّ نَشِيطٌ صَحِيحٌ وَمِثْلَ ذَلِكَ إِذَا مَرِضَ وَكَّلَ الله بِهِ مَلَكاً يَكْتُبُ لَهُ فِي سُقْمِهِ مَا كَانَ يَعْمَلُ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ فِي صِحَّتِهِ حَتَّى يَرْفَعَهُ الله وَيَقْبِضَهُ وَكَذَلِكَ الْكَافِرُ إِذَا اشْتَغَلَ بِسُقْمٍ فِي جَسَدِهِ كَتَبَ الله لَهُ مَا كَانَ يَعْمَلُ مِنَ الشَّرِّ فِي صِحَّتِهِ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman from al-Mufaddal ibn Salih from Jabir who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said that the Holy Prophet has said, ‘When a Muslim is weakened due to old age, Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, commands an angel to write down for him of good deeds equal to what he did when young, vigorous and in good health. Similarly, when he becomes ill, Allah commands an angel to write down for him during his illness of good deeds equal to what he performed in good health up to the time Allah raises him and takes him (away) from this life. In the case of an unbeliever, in his illness Allah writes down against him of evil deeds equal to what he would commit when in good health.’” 

3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) يَقُولُ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لِلْمَلَكِ الْمُوَكَّلِ بِالْمُؤْمِنِ إِذَا مَرِضَ اكْتُبْ لَهُ مَا كُنْتَ تَكْتُبُ لَهُ فِي صِحَّتِهِ فَإِنِّي أَنَا الَّذِي صَيَّرْتُهُ فِي حِبَالِي.

3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “This is a narration of abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), from the Messenger of Allah. He (the Messenger of Allah) has said, ‘Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, says to the angel guarding a believing person in his illness, “Write down for him (of good deeds) what you would write down for him of good deeds in his good health; it is I who have tied him down with My rope.’”” 

4ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) سَهَرُ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ مَرَضٍ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ عِبَادَةِ سَنَةٍ.

4. Ali has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from abu al-Sabbah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘Passing a sleepless night due to an illness is more rewarding than a whole year worshipping.’” 

5ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا صَعِدَ مَلَكَا الْعَبْدِ الْمَرِيضِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ عِنْدَ كُلِّ مَسَاءٍ يَقُولُ الرَّبُّ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى مَا ذَا كَتَبْتُمَا لِعَبْدِي فِي مَرَضِهِ فَيَقُولاَنِ الشِّكَايَةَ فَيَقُولُ مَا أَنْصَفْتُ عَبْدِي إِنْ حَبَسْتُهُ فِي حَبْسٍ مِنْ حَبْسِي ثُمَّ أَمْنَعُهُ الشِّكَايَةَ فَيَقُولُ اكْتُبَا لِعَبْدِي مِثْلَ مَا كُنْتُمَا تَكْتُبَانِ لَهُ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ فِي صِحَّتِهِ وَلاَ تَكْتُبَا عَلَيْهِ سَيِّئَةً حَتَّى أُطْلِقَهُ مِنْ حَبْسِي فَإِنَّهُ فِي حَبْسٍ مِنْ حَبْسِي.

5. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn Mahbub from ‘Abd al-Hamid who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when the two guard angels of a person suffering from illness ascend to heavens every evening, the Lord, Most Holy, Most Blessed, asks them, ‘What did you write down for My servant in his illness?’ They will say, ‘We wrote down his complaints.’ 

6ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ دُرُسْتَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَهَرُ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ مَرَضٍ أَوْ وَجَعٍ أَفْضَلُ وَأَعْظَمُ أَجْراً مِنْ عِبَادَةِ سَنَةٍ.

6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Durust from Zurarah who has said the following: “One of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said that passing a sleepless night due to an illness or pain is more excellent and of greater reward than worshipping for a whole year.” 

7ـ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ دُرُسْتَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ إِذَا مَرِضَ الْمُؤْمِنُ أَوْحَى الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَى صَاحِبِ الشِّمَالِ لاَ تَكْتُبْ عَلَى عَبْدِي مَا دَامَ فِي حَبْسِي وَوَثَاقِي ذَنْباً وَيُوحِي إِلَى صَاحِبِ الْيَمِينِ أَنِ اكْتُبْ لِعَبْدِي مَا كُنْتَ تَكْتُبُهُ فِي صِحَّتِهِ مِنَ الْحَسَنَاتِ.

7. It is narrated from the narrator above from Ahmad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from Durust who has said the following: “I heard abu Ibrahim (a.s.), say, ’When a believing person becomes ill, Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, sends revelation to the guard angel on his left side that says, “Do not write any evil thing against My servant until he is in My prison and is tied down in My heavy impediment.” He then sends revelation to the guard angel on his right side that says, “Write down for My servant of good deeds equal to what he would perform when in good health.”’” 

8ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ عَنْ حَجَّاجٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ الْجَسَدُ إِذَا لَمْ يَمْرَضْ أَشِرَ وَلاَ خَيْرَ فِي جَسَدٍ لاَ يَمْرَضُ بِأَشَرٍ.

8. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from ibn Mahbub from Hafs ibn Ghiyath from Hajjaj who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘If one’s body does not become ill, he is vigorously happy. There is nothing good in a body that never becomes ill even by a strong (reason for) illness.’” 

9ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ حُمَّى لَيْلَةٍ تَعْدِلُ عِبَادَةَ سَنَةٍ وَحُمَّى لَيْلَتَيْنِ تَعْدِلُ عِبَادَةَ سَنَتَيْنِ وَحُمَّى ثَلاَثٍ تَعْدِلُ عِبَادَةَ سَبْعِينَ سَنَةً قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَبْلُغْ سَبْعِينَ سَنَةً قَالَ فَلأُمِّهِ وَأَبِيهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَبْلُغَا قَالَ فَلِقَرَابَتِهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَبْلُغْ قَرَابَتُهُ قَالَ فَلِجِيرَانِهِ.

9. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn Hassan from Muhammad ibn Ali from Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl from abu Hamzah who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘One night’s suffering from fever is equal in reward to worshipping for a whole year, suffering from a fever for two nights is more rewarding than worshipping for two years, and the reward for suffering from fever for three nights is greater than the reward for worshipping up to seventy years. I then asked, ‘What happens if one does not live for seventy years?’ The Imam said, ‘Then it is for his mother and father.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if they do not live for seventy years?’ The Imam said, ‘Then it is for his relatives.’ I then asked, ‘What happens if they do not live for seventy years?’ The Imam said, ‘Then it is for his neighbors.’” 

10ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ مِسْكِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ حُمَّى لَيْلَةٍ كَفَّارَةٌ لِمَا قَبْلَهَا وَلِمَا بَعْدَهَا. 

10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from al-Hakam ibn Miskin from Muhammad ibn Marwan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that suffering from fever for one night is expiation (for the sins) before and thereafter.” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 3

Book 3, Chapter 2