Introduction

God is One and Only

Abandoning the Present to Attain the Promised

Oppressive Characteristics

Characteristics Rooted in Love for Religion

One Characteristic for Five Characteristics

A Characteristic for a Characteristic

A Saving Characteristic

The Loftiest Characteristic of the Religion

No Two Things Combined which are Better than the Combination of Two Characteristics

A Characteristic that is the Honor of This World and the Hereafter

The Most Knowledgeable Person Is One who Combines One Characteristic with Another One

There Is One True Prosperity And One True Misery

A Characteristic for Which the People Deserve to be Rewarded or Punished

A Characteristic that Is the Noblest Holy War

The Hardest Thing is One Characteristic that Cannot Be Avoided Unless We Abandon Another Characteristic

A Believer’s Honor Is in One Characteristic and His Glory Is In Another Characteristic

One Characteristic Is the Key to All Evil

A Characteristic Due to Justice

A Characteristic Due to Which We Are Interested in How Others Judge About Us

Seek Nearness to God with One Characteristic

God Has Not Tested the Servants with Anything Harder Than One Characteristic

A Characteristic that Is the Result of Being Kind

A Characteristic that Stabilizes One’s Faith and One that Makes Him Lose His Faith

A Characteristic that Destroys a Believer’s Dignity

A Good Characteristic Which No Other Characteristic Is Better Than, and a Bad Characteristic That No Other Characteristic Is Worse Than

A Characteristic That Guarantees Who Will Not Become Poor

The Form of Chivalry of the Members of the Holy Household

A Characteristic Due to One’s Chivalry

A Characteristic that Is Not Good for a Dignified Man

God Loves One Characteristic and Despises One Characteristic

One Who has This Characteristic Would Not Be Thankful for Blessings

A Characteristic Due to Humbleness

A Characteristic that Is Close to Blasphemy and A Characteristic that Might Change Destiny

A Characteristic that Destroyed Previous Nations

Martyrdom Is Expiation for Every Sin Except for One’s Debt

God the Almighty Has Sent Muhammad (sw) and His Nation a Gift That He Has Not Given to Any Other Nation

A Characteristic that One Should Have If He Wants to Increase Goodness in His House

God Will Look at Whom He Likes. Once He Looks at Him, He Shall Grant Him One of Three Gifts

The Hereafter is the Wedding of the Pious Ones

A Characteristic That is Like its Opposite

The Most Wicked People Are Those Who Are Respected for Possessing One Characteristic

A Characteristic in This World is Abstinence, and a Characteristic That is Gratitude for all Blessings

Nothing Deserves to Be Restrained More Than the Tongue

Whoever Raises his Aspirations Does Wrong

Good Deeds Are Recorded for a Muslim as Long as He Remains Quiet

A Characteristic Having Which Will Result in God Saving You From the Fear of the Hereafter

The Most Intelligent Characteristic

The Most Pious, the Best Worshipping, the Most Ascetic and the Most Hard-Working People

Becoming Sorry Is the Same as Repenting

Whoever Earns More Than His Meals fom This World

A Characteristic That Deserves to Be Willed

A Characteristic That Causes One to Be Thrown Out and a Characteristic That Causes One to Be Joined

Lofty Characteristics and Bad Characteristics for the People of the World

There Is No Honor Except Through One Characteristic. There Is No Nobility Except Through Another Characteristic

When God Loves a Servant He Will Make Him Suffer from a Great Calamity

A Characteristic That Leads to Hemorrhoids

A Hand on Which There Is an Iron Ring Is Not Clean

Do Not Respond to Whoever Talks Before He Greets You

A Characteristic That if Practiced Implies Despise for Muhammad’s Religion

Only One of the Proverbs of the Prophets Has Remained

When God Wishes a Servant Well, He Will Expedite His Punishment in This World, and When He Wishes Someone Bad, He Will Procrastinate His Punishment

Be Patient with the Enemies of the Blessings

The Prophet (sw) and Ali Ibn Abi Talib Were Created from the Same Root

A Characteristic That is Gratitude for All Blessings

Religion Is the Same as Love

When Two Believers Shake Hands They Shall Depart from Each Other Void of Any Sins

A Characteristic That Revives the Hearts

A Characteristic That Revives the Affairs of the Almighty God’s Proofs

God the Almighty Has Not Created Anything More Delightful Than This Characteristic

A Characteristic That Constitutes Nine-Tenths of Religion

Whoever is Pleased with His Destiny or is Displeased with it

A Characteristic for Which Even Red-Haired Camels Are Not Loved

A Characteristic That Increases the Daily Bread

A Characteristic That Leads to Hypocrisy and Poverty

The First Gift Given to a Believer Due to a Characteristic

A Characteristic for Which One Who Has No Good Deeds is Forgiven on the Resurrection Day

A Characteristic That is the Root of All Sins

How Awkward It Is If a Man Enters Heaven Having Lost His Honor

A Characteristic Doing Which Will Cause the Almighty God to Have Mercy Upon You

A Characteristic Doing Which Will Cause Increased Good for One’s House

On Him Whose Health Has Overcome His Illness but He Treats Himself and Dies

A Characteristic Which a Believer Avoids

Nothing Ruins Faith as Much as One Characteristic Does

One Who Lives to See his Successor Is Prosperous

A Believer’s Honor is More Than That of the Ka’ba

It Suffices for a Believer to See God’s Aid in the Form of His Enemies Engaged in the Almighty God’s Disobedience

A Gift Will Eliminate Animosities

Prosperous Be the One Who is Indifferent

A Characteristic That Will Make One Poor in the Hereafter

A Group of People Who Are the Masters of Heaven

God’s Prophet Made His Ablutions One Organ at a Time

The Characteristic That Is the Best Goodness

The Prophet Put off His Special Prayer for One Characteristic

A Characteristic That is the Best Form of Worshipping and a Characteristic That is the Noblest Form of Being Religious

What Is A Lot but Its Doers Are A Few

A Characteristic That Constitutes Half of the Religion

A Characteristic That is the Best Thing Given to a Muslim

The Prophet and Ali Ibn Abi Talib Were Created from One Light

A Servant’s Well-Being Depends Upon the Well-Being of One of His Organs

2-78 حدثنا أحمد بن الحسن القطان قال: أخبرنا أحمد بن محمد بن سعيد الكوفي قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسن بن علي بن فضال، عن أبيه قال: سألت أبا الحسن علي ابن موسى الرضا عليهما السلام عن معنى قول النبي صلى الله عليه وآله: أنا ابن الذبيحين قال: يعني إسماعيل ابن إبراهيم الخليل عليهما السلام وعبد الله بن عبدالمطلب أما إسماعيل فهو الغلام الحليم الذي بشر الله به إبراهيم "فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ مَعَهُ السَّعْيَ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنِّي أَرَى فِي الْمَنَامِ أَنِّي أَذْبَحُكَ فَانْظُرْ مَاذَا تَرَى. قَالَ يَا أَبَتِ افْعَلْ مَا تُؤْمَرُ (ولم يقل له: يا أبت افعل ما رأيت) سَتَجِدُنِي إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ مِنَ الصَّابِرِينَ." فلما عزم على ذبحه فداه الله بذبح عظيم بكبش أملح يأكل في سواد، ويشرب في سواد، وينظر في سواد، ويمشي في سواد، ويبول ويبعرفي سواد، وكان يرتع قبل ذلك في رياض الجنة أربعين عاما، وما خرج من رحم انثى، وإنما قال الله عز وجل له: كن، فكان ليفدي به إسماعيل فكل ما يذبح بمنى فهو فدية لاسماعيل إلى يوم القيامة فهذا أحد الذبيحين، وأما الآخر فان عبدالمطلب كان تعلق بحلقة باب الكعبة ودعا الله عز وجل أن يرزقه عشرة بنين ونذر لله عز وجل أن يذبح واحدا منهم متى أجاب الله دعوته، فلما بلغوا عشرة [أولاد] قال: قد وفى الله لي فلافين لله عز وجل فأدخل ولده الكعبة وأسهم بينهم فخرج سهم عبد الله أبي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وكان أحب ولده إليه، ثم أجالها ثانية فخرج سهم عبد الله، ثم أجالها ثـالثة فخرج سهم عبد الله، فأخذه وحبسـه وعـزم على ذبــحهفاجتمعت قريش ومنعته من ذلك. واجتمع نساء عبدالمطلب يبكين ويصحن فقالت له ابنته عاتكة: يا أبتاه اعذر فيما بينك وبين الله عز وجل في قتل ابنكقال: فكيف أعذر يا بنية فإنك مباركة، قالت: اعمد إلى تلك السوائم التي لك في الحرم فاضرب بالقداح على ابنك وعلى الابل وأعط ربك حتى يرضىفبعث عبدالمطلب إلى إبله فأحضرها وعزل منها عشرا وضرب السهام فخرج سهم عبد الله، فما زال يزيد عشرا عشرا حتى بلغت مائة فضرب فخرج السهم على الابل فكبرت قريش تكبيرة ارتجت لها جبال تهامة، فقال عبدالمطلب: لا حتى أضرب بالقداح ثلاث مرات فضرب ثلاثا كل ذلك يخرج السهم على الابل، فلما كان في الثالثة اجتذ به الزبير وأبوطالب وإخوانه من تحت رجليه فحملوه وقد انسلخت جلدة خده الذي كان على الارض وأقبلوا يرفعونه ويقبلونه ويمسحون عنه التراب وأمر عبدالمطلب أن تنحر الابل بالحزورة ولا يمنع أحد منها وكانت مائةوكانت لعبد المطلب خمس سنن أجراها الله عز وجل في الاسلام: حرم نساء الآباء على الابناء، وسن الدية في القتل مائة من الابل، وكان يطوف بالبيت سبعة أشواط، ووجد كنزا فأخرج منه الخمس، وسمى زمزم لما حفرها سقاية الحاج، ولو لا أن عبدالمطلب كان حجة وأن عزمه على ذبح ابنه عبد الله شبيه بعزم إبراهيم على ذبح ابنه إسماعيل لما افتخر النبي صلى الله عليه وآله بالانتساب إليهما لاجل أنهما الذبيحان في قوله عليه السلام: " أنا ابن الذبيحين " والعلة التي من أجلها رفع الله عز وجل الذبح عن إسماعيل هي العلة ألتي من أجلها رفع الذبح عن عبد الله وهي كون النبي صلى الله عليه وآله والائمة عليهم السلام في صلبهما فببركة النبي والائمة صلى الله عليه وآله رفـع الله الذبح عنهما فلم تجر السـنة في الناسبقتل أولادهم، ولو لا ذلك لوجب على الناس كل أضحى التقرب إلى الله تعالى ذكره بقتل أولادهم، وكل ما يتقرب الناس به إلى الله عز وجل من اضحية فهو فداء لاسماعيل إلى يوم القيامةقال مصنف هذا الكتاب أدام الله عزه -: قد اختلف الروايات في الذبيح فمنها ما ورد بأنه إسماعيل ومنها ما ورد بأنه إسحاق، ولا سبيل إلى رد الاخبار متى صح طرقها، وكان الذبيح إسماعيل لكن إسحاق لما ولد بعد ذلك تمنى أن يكون هو الذي امر أبوه بذبحه فكان يصبر لامر الله ويسلم له كصبر أخيه وتسليمه، فينال بذلك درجته في الثواب، فعلم الله عز وجل ذلك من قلبه فسماه الله عز وجل بين ملائكته ذبيحا لتمنيه لذلك[و] حدثنا بذلك محمد بن علي البشاري القزويني رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا المظفر بن أحمد القزويني قال: حدثنا محمد بن جعفر الكوفي الاسدي، عن محمد بن اسماعيل البرمكي، عن عبد الله بن داهر، عن أبي قتادة الحراني، عن وكيع بن الجراح، عن سليمان بن مهران، عن أبي عبد الله الصادق جعفر بن محمد عليهما السلام وقول النبي صلى الله عليه وآله "أنا ابن الذبيحين يريد بذلك العم [لان العم] قد سماه الله عز وجل أبا في قوله"أَمْ كُنتُمْ شُهَدَاءَ إِذْ حَضَرَ يَعْقُوبَ الْمَوْتُ إِذْ قَالَ لِبَنِيهِ مَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ بَعْدِي قَالُوا نَعْبُدُ إِلَهَكَ وَإِلَهَ آبَائِكَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَإِسْحَاقَ" وكان إسماعيل عم يعقوب فسماه الله في هذا الموضع أبا، وقد قال النبي صلى الله عليه وآله: العم والد فعلى هذا الاصل أيضا يطرد قول النبي صلى الله عليه وآله "أنا ابن الذبيحين" أحدهما ذبيح بالحقيقة والآخر ذبيح بالمجاز، واستحقاق الثواب على النية والتمني، فالنبي صلى الله عليه وآله هو ابن الذبيحين من وجهين على ما ذكرناهوللذبح العظيم وجه آخر :

2-78- B It was narrated by Muhammad ibn Ali al-Bishari al-Qazvini - may God be pleased with him - that Al-Muzaf’far ibn Ahmad al-Qazvini quoted Muhammad ibn Ja’far al-Kufy Al-Asady, on the authority of Muhammad ibn Isma’il al-Barmaky, on the authority of Abdullah ibn Dahir, on the authority of Abi Qatadah al-Horani, on the authority of Vaki’a ibn al-Jarah, on the authority of Suleiman ibn Mihran, on the authority of Aba Abdullah as-Sadiq (MGB): "What the Prophet (MGB) meant when he (MGB) said, ‘statement: ‘I am the son of the two offerings’ was to call one’s uncle father as the Honorable the Exalted God did in His statement,“Were ye witnesses when death appeared before Jacob? Behold, he said to his sons: "What will ye worship after me?" They said, "We shall worship Thy God and the God of thy fathers, of Abraham, Isma’il and Isaac,- the one (True) God: To Him we bow (in Islam).”In this verse God has called Ishmael who was the uncle of Jacob as his father. Likewise, the Prophet (MGB) called uncle as father. Therefore, when the Prophet (MGB) said that he (MGB) is the son of the two offerings he (MGB) is referring to Ishmael and Isaac one of whom, i.e. Ishmael was a true offering and the other one, i.e. Isaac is a virtual offering due to the fact that he wished he had been offered as a sacrifice and deserved the reward. Thus, the statement ‘I am the son of the two offerings’ can be interpreted in both ways as said above.

Al-Khiṣāl

Book 3, Chapter 63