Hadith 6وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ اَلْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْوَرْدِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: »خَطَبَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ فِي آخِرِ جُمُعَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ شَعْبَانَ فَحَمِدَ اَللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ» أَيُّهَا اَلنَّاسُ إِنَّهُ قَدْ أَظَلَّكُمْ شَهْرٌ فِيهِ لَيْلَةٌ» خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ« شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ فَرَضَ اَللَّهُ صِيَامَهُ وَ جَعَلَ قِيَامَ لَيْلَةٍ فِيهِ بِتَطَوُّعٍ كَتَطَوُّعِ صَلاَةِ سَبْعِينَ لَيْلَةً فِيمَا سِوَاهُ مِنَ اَلشُّهُورِ وَ جَعَلَ لِمَنْ يَتَطَوَّعُ فِيهِ بِخَصْلَةٍ مِنْ خِصَالِ اَلْخَيْرِ وَ اَلْبِرِّ كَأَجْرِ مَنْ أَدَّى فَرِيضَةً مِنْ فَرَائِضِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَ مَنْ أَدَّى فِيهِ فَرِيضَةً مِنْ فَرَائِضِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ كَمَنْ أَدَّى سَبْعِينَ فَرِيضَةً مِنْ فَرَائِضِ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِيمَا سِوَاهُ مِنَ اَلشُّهُورِ وَ هُوَ شَهْرُ اَلصَّبْرِ وَ إِنَّ اَلصَّبْرَ ثَوَابُهُ اَلْجَنَّةُ وَ هُوَ شَهْرُ اَلْمُوَاسَاةِ وَ هُوَ شَهْرٌ يَزِيدُ اَللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِيهِ فِي رِزْقِ اَلْمُؤْمِنِ وَ مَنْ فَطَّرَ فِيهِ مُؤْمِناً كَانَ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ عِنْدَ اَللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عِتْقُ رَقَبَةٍ وَ مَغْفِرَةٌ لِذُنُوبِهِ فِيمَا مَضَى« قِيلَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ لَيْسَ كُلُّنَا نَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَنْ نُفَطِّرَ فِيهِ صَائِماً فَقَالَ» إِنَّ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ كَرِيمٌ يُعْطِي هَذَا اَلثَّوَابَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ إِلاَّ عَلَى مَذْقَةٍ مِنْ لَبَنٍ يُعْطِيهَا صَائِماً أَوْ شَرْبَةٍ مِنْ مَاءِ عَذْبٍ أَوْ تَمَرَاتٍ لاَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَ مَنْ خَفَّفَ فِيهِ عَنْ مَمْلُوكِهِ خَفَّفَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُ حِسَابَهُ وَ هُوَ شَهْرٌ أَوَّلُهُ رَحْمَةٌ وَوَسَطُهُ مَغْفِرَةٌ وَ آخِرُهُ إِجَابَةٌ وَ اَلْعِتْقُ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ وَ لاَ غِنَى بِكُمْ فِيهِ عَنْ أَرْبَعِ خِصَالٍ خَصْلَتَيْنِ تُرْضُونَ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِهِمَا وَ خَصْلَتَيْنِ لاَ غِنَى بِكُمْ عَنْهُمَا فَأَمَّا اَللَّتَانِ تُرْضُونَ اَللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِهِمَا فَشَهَادَةُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اَللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ وَأَمَّا اَللَّتَانِ لاَ غِنَى بِكُمْ عَنْهُمَا فَتَسْأَلُونَ اَللَّهَ فِيهِ حَوَائِجَكُمْ وَاَلْجَنَّةَ وَتَسْأَلُونَ اَللَّهَ اَلْعَافِيَةَ وَتَعُوذُونَ بِهِ مِنَ اَلنَّارِ««.
And from him, from Amr ibn Uthman, from al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Abu Ayyub, from Abu al-Ward, from Abu Ja’far (a.s), peace be upon him, who said:
Imam (a.s) said: “The Messenger of Allah (swt), may Allah (swt) bless him and his family, delivered a sermon on the last Friday of the month of Shaban. The Prophet (saws) praised Allah (swt) and extolled Him (swt), then said: ‘O people, indeed a month has now cast its shade over you, in which there is a night ‘better than a thousand months’, it is the month of Ramadan. (Surah Al-Qadr 97:3) Allah (swt), the majestic, has made its fasting obligatory, and Allah (swt) has made the standing of one night in it voluntarily like the voluntary prayer of seventy nights in other months besides it. And Allah (swt) has made for whoever performs in it voluntarily one trait from the traits of good and righteousness the like of the reward of one who has performed an obligation from the obligations of Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic. And whoever performs in it an obligation from the obligations of Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, is like one who has performed seventy obligations from the obligations of Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, in other months besides it. And it is the month of patience, and indeed the reward of patience is Paradise. And it is the month of mutual support. And it is a month in which Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, increases the provision of the believer. And whoever gives a believer food with which to break his fast in it, there will be for him, by that, with Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, the freeing of a neck, and forgiveness for his sins that have passed.’” It was said to the Prophet (saws): “O Messenger of Allah (swt), not all of us are able to give a fasting person food with which to break his fast in it.” So the Prophet (saws) said: “Indeed Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, is Generous. Allah (swt) gives this reward to one who is not able except to give a fasting person a small amount of milk (madhqah), or a drink of fresh water, or some dates, and is not able to give more than that. And whoever lightens the burden of his owned servant in it, Allah (swt) will lighten his reckoning for him. And it is a month whose beginning is mercy, whose middle is forgiveness, and whose end is response and freedom from the Fire. And you have no independence in it from four traits: two traits by which you please Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, and two traits from which you have no independence. As for the two by which you please Allah (swt), Mighty and Majestic, they are the testimony that there is no god except Allah (swt) and that Muhammad (saws) is the Messenger of Allah (swt). And as for the two from which you have no independence, you ask Allah (swt) in it for your needs and Paradise, and you ask Allah (swt) for well-being, and you seek refuge in Allah (swt) from the Fire.”
