Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains 111 for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِذَا كُنْتَ حَلالاً فَقَتَلْتَ الصَّيْدَ فِي الْحِلِّ مَا بَيْنَ الْبَرِيدِ إِلَى الْحَرَمِ فَعَلَيْكَ جَزَاؤُهُ فَإِنْ فَقَأْتَ عَيْنَهُ أَوْ كَسَرْتَ قَرْنَهُ أَوْ جَرَحْتَهُ تَصَدَّقْتَ بِصَدَقَةٍ.

1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If you are not in the state of Ihram and hunt in non-al- Haram (the sacred area) within a distance of one Barid (a certain unit of measurement) to al-Haram (the sacred area) you must pay the penalty. If you damage its eyes or break its horn, or injure it, you must pay charity.”’ 

2ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أُهْدِيَ لَهُ حَمَامٌ أَهْلِيٌّ وَهُوَ فِي الْحَرَمِ فَقَالَ إِنْ هُوَ أَصَابَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً فَلْيَتَصَدَّقْ بِثَمَنِهِ نَحْواً مِمَّا كَانَ يَسْوَى فِي الْقِيمَةِ.

2. Ali has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who receives a domesticated pigeon as a gift in al-Haram (the sacred area). He (the Imam) said, ‘If he hurts it he must give an amount of charity which is equal to its value.’” 

3ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ مُثَنَّى بْنِ عَبْدِ السَّلامِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْحَكَمِ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِغُلامٍ لَنَا هَيِّىْ لَنَا غَدَاءً فَأَخَذَ أَطْيَاراً مِنَ الْحَرَمِ فَذَبَحَهَا وَطَبَخَهَا فَأَخْبَرْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فَقَالَ ادْفِنْهَا وَافْدِ كُلَّ طَائِرٍ مِنْهَا.

3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Muthanna’ ibn ‘Abd al-Salam from Muhammad ibn abu al-Hakam who has said the following: “I once told my slave to prepare lunch. He took a bird in al-Haram (the sacred area), slaughtered and cooked it. I informed abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about it and he (the Imam) said, ‘Bury it and pay ransom for every bird.” 

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الصَّيْدِ يُصَادُ فِي الْحِلِّ ثُمَّ يُجَاءُ بِهِ إِلَى الْحَرَمِ وَهُوَ حَيٌّ فَقَالَ إِذَا أَدْخَلَهُ إِلَى الْحَرَمِ حَرُمَ عَلَيْهِ أَكْلُهُ وَإِمْسَاكُهُ فَلا تَشْتَرِيَنَّ فِي الْحَرَمِ إِلاَّ مَذْبُوحاً ذُبِحَ فِي الْحِلِّ ثُمَّ جِي‏ءَ بِهِ إِلَى الْحَرَمِ مَذْبُوحاً فَلا بَأْسَ لِلْحَلالِ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a prey which is hunted in non-al-Haram (the sacred area) and is brought in al-Haram (the sacred area) when it is still alive. He (the Imam) said, ‘Since he has brought to al-Haram (the sacred area), it is prohibited for him to use it for food or to keep it. Nothing in al-Haram (the sacred area) can be purchased if it is not slaughtered in non-al- Haram (the sacred area) and then is brought in al-Haram (the sacred area) already slaughtered, in which case it is not harmful.’” 

5ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ أَنَّ الْحَكَمَ سَأَلَ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنْ رَجُلٍ أُهْدِيَ لَهُ حَمَامَةٌ فِي الْحَرَمِ مَقْصُوصَةٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) انْتِفْهَا وَأَحْسِنْ إِلَيْهَا وَاعْلِفْهَا حَتَّى إِذَا اسْتَوَى رِيشُهَا فَخَلِّ سَبِيلَهَا.

5. Ali has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa form Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “Al-Hakam once asked abu Ja’far ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who receives a pigeon as a gift in al- Haram (the sacred area) with its wings shortened. He (the Imam) said, ‘He takes it, looks after it and feeds it until its wings grow, then sets it free.’” 

6ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ عَنْ مُثَنَّى بْنِ عَبْدِ السَّلامِ عَنْ كَرِبٍ الصَّيْرَفِيِّ قَالَ كُنَّا جَمَاعَةً فَاشْتَرَيْنَا طَيْراً فَقَصَصْنَاهُ وَدَخَلْنَا بِهِ مَكَّةَ فَعَابَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْنَا أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ فَأَرْسَلَ كَرِبٌ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فَسَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ اسْتَوْدِعُوهُ رَجُلاً مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ مُسْلِماً أَوِ امْرَأَةً مُسْلِمَةً فَإِذَا اسْتَوَى خَلَّوْا سَبِيلَهُ.

6. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from Mansur ibn Hazim from Muthanna’ ibn ‘Abd al-Salam from Karib al-Sayrafiy who has said the following: “We were a group and bought a bird, cut its wings short and brought it in Makkah. People criticized us for this and Karib sent someone to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), to ask him (the Imam) about it. He (the Imam) said, ‘Leave it in the trust of a Muslim man or woman of Makkah, who will release it when it will become normal .’” 

7ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ مَنْ أَصَابَ طَيْراً فِي الْحَرَمِ وَهُوَ مُحِلٌّ فَعَلَيْهِ الْقِيمَةُ وَالْقِيمَةُ دِرْهَمٌ يَشْتَرِي بِهِ عَلَفاً لِحَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ.

7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Safwan ibn Yahya who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan al-Rida’ (a.s.), has said, ‘If one hurts a bird in al-Haram (the sacred area) when one is not in the state of ’Ihram, he owes its price. This price is one dirham with which he buys feed for the pigeons of al-Haram (the sacred area).”’ 

8ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ خَلاَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ ذَبَحَ حَمَامَةً مِنْ حَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ الْفِدَاءُ قُلْتُ فَيَأْكُلُهُ قَالَ لا قُلْتُ فَيَطْرَحُهُ قَالَ إِذاً يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ فِدَاءٌ آخَرُ قُلْتُ فَمَا يَصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ يَدْفِنُهُ.

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Khallad who has said the following: “About a man who has slaughtered a pigeon of the pigeons of al-Haram (the sacred area) abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘He owes a ransom.’ I then asked, ‘Can he use it for food?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so.’ I then asked, ‘Can he throw it away?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If he did so he will owe another ransom.’ I then asked, ’What then he must do?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to bury it.’” 

9ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ مُثَنًّى الْحَنَّاطِ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ خَرَجَ بِطَيْرٍ مِنْ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الْكُوفَةِ قَالَ يَرُدُّهُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ.

9. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Muthanna’ al-Hannat from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about a man who leaves Makkah with a bird for al-Kufah. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must return it to Makkah.’” 

10ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ فِي الْحَمَامَةِ دِرْهَمٌ وَفِي الْفَرْخِ نِصْفُ دِرْهَمٍ وَفِي الْبَيْضَةِ رُبُعُ دِرْهَمٍ.

10. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hafs ibn al-Bakhtariy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The ransom for a pigeon is one dirham, for a pigeon chick half of a dirham and for an egg it is one-forth of a dirham.’” 

11ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَحَدَهُمَا (عَلَيْهِما السَّلاَم) عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَصَابَ طَيْراً فِي الْحِلِّ فَاشْتَرَاهُ فَأَدْخَلَهُ الْحَرَمَ فَمَاتَ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ حِينَ أَدْخَلَهُ الْحَرَمَ خَلَّى سَبِيلَهُ فَمَاتَ فَلا شَيْ‏ءَ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَمْسَكَهُ حَتَّى مَاتَ عِنْدَهُ فِي الْحَرَمِ فَعَلَيْهِ الْفِدَاءُ.

11. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn Mahbub, from ibn Ri’ab from ibn Bukayr who has said the following: “I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah) (a.s.), about a man who finds a bird in non-al-Haram (the sacred area) and buys it, then enters al-Haram (the sacred area), with it and it dies. He (the Imam) said, ‘Were he to release it in al-Haram (the sacred area), then it died he did not owe anything. If he holds it until it dies with him in al-Haram (the sacred area) he is required to pay ransom.’” 

12ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنْ رَجُلٍ رَمَى صَيْداً فِي الْحِلِّ فَمَضَى بِرَمْيَتِهِ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْحَرَمَ فَمَاتَ أَ عَلَيْهِ جَزَاؤُهُ قَالَ لا لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ جَزَاؤُهُ لأَنَّهُ رَمَى حَيْثُ رَمَى وَهُوَ لَهُ حَلالٌ إِنَّمَا مَثَلُ ذَلِكَ مَثَلُ رَجُلٍ نَصَبَ شَرَكاً فِي الْحِلِّ إِلَى جَانِبِ الْحَرَمِ فَوَقَعَ فِيهِ صَيْدٌ فَاضْطَرَبَ الصَّيْدُ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْحَرَمَ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ جَزَاؤُهُ لأَنَّهُ كَانَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ شَيْ‏ءٌ فَقُلْتُ هَذَا الْقِيَاسُ عِنْدَ النَّاسِ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا شَبَّهْتُ لَكَ شَيْئاً بِشَيْ‏ءٍ.

12. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about a man who shoots a prey in non-al-Haram (the sacred area) and it then moves into al-Haram (the sacred area) and dies there: if he is required to pay ransom. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he does not owe ransom because he shoots it as he does and it is lawful for him. The example of this is like the one who sets up a trap in an area next to al-Haram (the sacred area). The prey trapped in it moves until it enters al-Haram (the sacred area). He does not owe anything for it; it happened afterwards.’ I then said, ‘This is analogy in the views of people.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘One thing is confused with another thing to you.’” 

13ـ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ زِيَادٍ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْوَاسِطِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْمٍ قَفَّلُوا عَلَى طَائِرٍ مِنْ حَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ الْبَابَ فَمَاتَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِقِيمَةِ كُلِّ طَيْرٍ [نِصْفُ‏] دِرْهَمٍ يُعْلَفُ بِهِ حَمَامُ الْحَرَمِ.

13. From Safwan ibn Yahya has narrated from Ziyad abu al-Hassan al-Wasitiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about the case of a people who lock a door on pigeons of al-Haram (the sacred area) and they die. He (the Imam) said, ‘They are required to pay the price of every bird which is one [half] dirham with which pigeons of al-Haram (the sacred area) are fed.’” 

14ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ مِسْمَعِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فِي رَجُلٍ حَلَّ فِي الْحَرَمِ رَمَى صَيْداً خَارِجاً مِنَ الْحَرَمِ فَقَتَلَهُ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ الْجَزَاءُ لأَنَّ الآفَةَ جَاءَتْهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْحَرَمِ قَالَ وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ رَمَى صَيْداً خَارِجاً مِنَ الْحَرَمِ فِي الْحِلِّ فَتَحَامَلَ الصَّيْدُ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْحَرَمَ فَقَالَ لَحْمُهُ حَرَامٌ مِثْلُ الْمَيْتَةِ.

14. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad am Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab from Misma’ ibn ‘ Abd al-Malik who has said the following: “About a man who, is not in the state of Ihram, shoots from inside of al-Haram (the sacred area) a prey outside of al-Haram (the sacred area) and kills it, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘There is ransom on him because calamity came upon the bird from al-Haram (the sacred area). I asked him (the Imam), about a man who shoots a prey outside al-Haram (the sacred area) in non-al- Haram (the sacred area) and it moves until it enters al-Haram (the sacred area). He (the Imam) said, ‘Its meat is prohibited for him like a dead animal’s. 

15ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ فِي حَمَامِ مَكَّةَ الطَّيْرُ الأَهْلِيُّ غَيْرُ حَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ مَنْ ذَبَحَ طَيْراً مِنْهُ وَهُوَ غَيْرُ مُحْرِمٍ فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ثَمَنِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ مُحْرِماً فَشَاةٌ عَنْ كُلِّ طَيْرٍ.

15. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), say, ‘Of the pigeon of Makkah the domesticated are different from pigeon of al-Haram (the sacred area). If one slaughters one of them and he is not in the state of Ihram his paying charity is better than its price. If he is in the state of Ihram then there is one sheep for every bird.’” 

16ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ أَرْسَلْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) أَنَّ أَخاً لِي اشْتَرَى حَمَاماً مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَذَهَبْنَا بِهَا إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَاعْتَمَرْنَا وَأَقَمْنَا إِلَى الْحَجِّ ثُمَّ أَخْرَجْنَا الْحَمَامَ مَعَنَا مِنْ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الْكُوفَةِ فَعَلَيْنَا فِي ذَلِكَ شَيْ‏ءٌ قَالَ لِلرَّسُولِ إِنِّي أَظُنُّهُنَّ كُنَّ فُرْهَةً قَالَ لَهُ يَذْبَحُ مَكَانَ كُلِّ طَيْرٍ شَاةً.

16. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from has narrated from ibn Faddal from Yunus ibn Ya’qub who has said the following: “I once sent a message to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), that my brother had purchased pigeons from al-Madinah and we went to Makkah for ‘Umrah. We stayed for Hajj, then we took the pigeon with us from Makkah to al-Kufah; if we owe anything. He (the Imam) said to the messenger, ‘I think they were beautiful.’ He (the Imam) said to him, ‘For every one of them one sheep must be slaughtered.’” 

17ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) رَجُلٌ نَتَفَ حَمَامَةً مِنْ حَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ قَالَ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِصَدَقَةٍ عَلَى مِسْكِينٍ وَيُعْطِي بِالْيَدِ الَّتِي نَتَفَ بِهَا فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ أَوْجَعَهُ.

17. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from ibn Muskan from Ibrahim ibn Maymun who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who pulled out the feathers of a pigeon of the pigeon of al-Haram (the sacred area). He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to pay charity to a destitute with the hand with which he pulled out the feathers because it caused pain.’” 

18ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) أُهْدِيَ لَنَا طَائِرٌ مَذْبُوحٌ بِمَكَّةَ فَأَكَلَهُ أَهْلُنَا فَقَالَ لا يَرَى بِهِ أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ بَأْساً قُلْتُ فَأَيُّ شَيْ‏ءٍ تَقُولُ أَنْتَ قَالَ عَلَيْهِمْ ثَمَنُهُ.

18. Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan ibn Yahya from Mansur ibn Flazim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a slaughtered bird given to us as gift in Makkah, if I can use it for food with my family. He (the Imam) said, ‘People of Makkah do not think it is harmful.’ I then asked, ‘What do you say about it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘They owe its prices.’” 

19ـ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي جَرِيرٍ الْقُمِّيِّ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) نَشْتَرِي الصُّقُورَ فَنُدْخِلُهَا الْحَرَمَ فَلَنَا ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ كُلُّ مَا أُدْخِلَ الْحَرَمَ مِنَ الطَّيْرِ مِمَّا يَصُفُّ جَنَاحَهُ فَقَدْ دَخَلَ مَأْمَنَهُ فَخَلِّ سَبِيلَهُ.

19. Certain persons of our people have narrated from abu Jarir al-Qummiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about the case of our buying hawks and taking them to al-Haram (the sacred area), if we owe anything. He (the Imam) said, ‘If one takes any of the birds that when flying, flap their wing, he has taken them to their sanctuary, and should leave them there.’” 

20ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ خَلِيفَةَ قَالَ كَانَ فِي جَانِبِ بَيْتِي مِكْتَلٌ فِيهِ بَيْضَتَانِ مِنْ حَمَامِ الْحَرَمِ فَذَهَبَ الْغُلامُ يَكُبُّ الْمِكْتَلَ وَهُوَ لا يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ فِيهِ بَيْضَتَيْنِ فَكَسَرَهُمَا فَخَرَجْتُ فَلَقِيتُ عَبْدَ الله بْنَ الْحَسَنِ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ تَصَدَّقْ بِكَفَّيْنِ مِنْ دَقِيقٍ قَالَ ثُمَّ لَقِيتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) بَعْدُ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ فَقَالَ ثَمَنُ طَيْرَيْنِ تَعْلِفُ بِهِ حَمَامَ الْحَرَمِ فَلَقِيتُ عَبْدَ الله بْنَ الْحَسَنِ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ فَقَالَ صَدَقَكَ حَدِّثْ بِهِ فَإِنَّمَا أَخَذَهُ عَنْ آبَائِهِ.

20. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Muhammad ibn Sinan from ibn Muskan from Yazid ibn Khalifah who has said the following: “In one side of my house there were two eggs of pigeon of al-Haram (the sacred area). The boy went to move the cluster not knowing that the eggs were there and he broke them. I went out and met ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Hassan and mentioned it to him. He said, ‘You must give charity of two handful of flour.’ I then met abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and informed him (the Imam) about it. He (the Imam) said, ‘Pay the price of two birds as feed for the pigeon of al-Haram (the sacred area).’ I then met ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Hassan and informed him about it and he said, ‘He (the Imam) has told you the truth. You can narrate it because he (the Imam) has taken it from his ancestors.’” 

21ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ وَأَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنْ فَرْخَيْنِ مُسَرْوَلَيْنِ ذَبَحْتُهُمَا وَأَنَا بِمَكَّةَ فَقَالَ لِي لِمَ ذَبَحْتَهُمَا فَقُلْتُ جَاءَتْنِي بِهِمَا جَارِيَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ فَسَأَلَتْنِي أَنْ أَذْبَحَهُمَا فَظَنَنْتُ أَنِّي بِالْكُوفَةِ وَلَمْ أَذْكُرِ الْحَرَمَ فَقَالَ عَلَيْكَ قِيمَتُهُمَا قُلْتُ كَمْ قِيمَتُهُمَا قَالَ دِرْهَمٌ وَهُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْهُمَا.

21. Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from and Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of my slaughtering two fledgling birds in Makkah. He (the Imam) said, ‘Did you slaughter them?’ I replied, ‘Yes, because a slave-girl of the people of Makkah brought them to me and asked me to slaughter them and I thought I was in al-Kufah and did not remember al-Haram (the sacred area). He (the Imam) said, ‘You must pay their price.’ I asked, ‘How much is it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is one dirham and it is better than them.’” 

22ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ قَالَ كُنَّا عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) بِمَكَّةَ وَدَاوُدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ بِهَا فَقَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ لِي دَاوُدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ مَا تَقُولُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الله فِي قَمَارِيَّ اصْطَدْنَاهَا وَقَصَّيْنَاهَا فَقُلْتُ تُنْتَفُ وَتُعْلَفُ فَإِذَا اسْتَوَتْ خُلِّيَ سَبِيلُهَا.

22. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Fadalah from Dawud ibn Farqad who has said the following: “Once we were in the presence of abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), in Makkah and Dawud ibn Ali also was in it. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said to me, ‘Dawud ibn Ali asked me, “What do you say, O abu ‘Abd Allah, about the turtledove we caught and shortened their feathers?”’ I replied, ‘Because of your pulling out its feathers, you must feed them until their feathers grow as normal; then set them free.’” 

23ـ أَحْمَدُ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الله قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنْ بَيْضَةِ نَعَامَةٍ أَكَلْتُ فِي الْحَرَمِ قَالَ تَصَدَّقْ بِثَمَنِهَا.

23. Ahmad ibn al-Hassan has narrated from Ali ibn al-Nu’man from Sa‘d ibn ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of my eating ostrich eggs in al-Haram (the sacred area). He (the Imam) said, ‘You must give its price in charity.’” 

24ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ عَنْ مُثَنًّى قَالَ خَرَجْنَا إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَاصْطَادَتِ النِّسَاءُ قُمْرِيَّةً مِنْ قَمَارِيِّ أَمَجَ حَيْثُ بَلَغْنَا الْبَرِيدَ فَنَتَفَتِ النِّسَاءُ جَنَاحَيْهِ ثُمَّ دَخَلُوا بِهَا مَكَّةَ فَدَخَلَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فَأَخْبَرَهُ فَقَالَ تَنْظُرُونَ امْرَأَةً لا بَأْسَ بِهَا فَتُعْطُونَهَا الطَّيْرَ تَعْلِفُهُ وَتُمْسِكُهُ حَتَّى إِذَا اسْتَوَى جَنَاحَاهُ خَلَّتْهُ.

24. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Washsha’ from Muthanna’ who has said the following: “Once we went to Makkah and women caught a turtledove of Amlaj (a place between al-Madinah and Makkah) turtledoves. The women pulled out the feathers of its wing, then took it to Makkah. Abu Basir went to visit abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), and informed him (the Imam) about it. He (the Imam) said, ‘Look for a trustworthy woman and give it to her to feed and keep it until its wings grow to normal, then set it free.’” 

25ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عِمْرَانَ الْحَلَبِيِّ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) مَا يُكْرَهُ مِنَ الطَّيْرِ فَقَالَ مَا صَفَّ عَلَى رَأْسِكَ.

25. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from ‘Imran al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about what of the birds are undesirable. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is whatever when flying over your head does not flap its wings.’” 

26ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْبَرْقِيِّ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي يَزِيدَ الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْمُكَارِي قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ أَسَداً فِي الْحَرَمِ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ كَبْشٌ يَذْبَحُهُ.

26. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Barqiy from Dawud ibn abu Yazid al-‘Attar from abu Sa‘id al-Mukariy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who kills a lion in al-Haram (the sacred area). He (the Imam) said, ’He owes one ram.’” 

27ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما السَّلاَم) فِي رَجُلٍ أَصَابَ ظَبْياً فِي الْحِلِّ فَاشْتَرَاهُ فَأَدْخَلَهُ الْحَرَمَ فَمَاتَ الظَّبْيُ فِي الْحَرَمِ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ حِينَ أَدْخَلَهُ الْحَرَمَ خَلَّى سَبِيلَهُ فَمَاتَ فَلا شَيْ‏ءَ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَمْسَكَهُ حَتَّى مَاتَ عِنْدَهُ فِي الْحَرَمِ فَعَلَيْهِ الْفِدَاءُ.

27. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab from Bukayr ibn ‘A’yan who has said the following: “I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ’Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about a man who finds a deer in non-al-Haram (the sacred area), then buys it and takes it to al-Haram (the sacred area) and it dies in al-Haram (the sacred area). He (the Imam) said, ‘If he releases it after entering al- Haram (the sacred area) then it dies, he does not owe anything; but if he keeps it after entering al- Haram (the sacred area) and then it dies in al-Haram (the sacred area) with him, he owes the ransom.’” 

28ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَأَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي حَمْزَةُ بْنُ الْيَسَعَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنِ الْفَهْدِ يُشْتَرَى بِمِنًى وَيُخْرَجُ بِهِ مِنَ الْحَرَمِ فَقَالَ كُلُّ مَا أُدْخِلَ الْحَرَمَ مِنَ السَّبُعِ مَأْسُوراً فَعَلَيْكَ إِخْرَاجُهُ.

28. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from ibn abu Nasr who has said the following: “Hamzah ibn al-Yasa’ said to me that I once asked abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), about the tiger that is purchased in Mina and then is taken out of al-Haram (the sacred area). He (the Imam) said, ’Everything of beasts that are brought in al-Haram (the sacred area) in captivity you must take out of al-Haram (the sacred area).”’ 

29ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ (عَلَيْهِم السَّلاَم) أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ شَجَرَةٍ أَصْلُهَا فِي الْحَرَمِ وَأَغْصَانُهَا فِي الْحِلِّ عَلَى غُصْنٍ مِنْهَا طَائِرٌ رَمَاهُ رَجُلٌ فَصَرَعَهُ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ جَزَاؤُهُ إِذَا كَانَ أَصْلُهَا فِي الْحَرَمِ.

29. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has narrated that his father (a.s.), was asked about the tree with its roots in al-Haram (the sacred area) and its branches in non-al-Haram (the sacred area) with a bird on it that was shot by a man that made it to fall down. He (the Imam) said, ‘He is required to pay the penalty if its root is in al-Haram (the sacred area).”’ 

30ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى بْنِ أَعْيَنَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَصَابَ صَيْداً فِي الْحِلِّ فَرَبَطَهُ إِلَى جَانِبِ الْحَرَمِ فَمَشَى الصَّيْدُ بِرِبَاطِهِ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْحَرَمَ وَالرِّبَاطُ فِي عُنُقِهِ فَأَجَرَّهُ الرَّجُلُ بِحَبْلِهِ حَتَّى أَخْرَجَهُ مِنَ الْحَرَمِ وَالرَّجُلُ فِي الْحِلِّ فَقَالَ ثَمَنُهُ وَلَحْمُهُ حَرَامٌ مِثْلُ الْمَيْتَةِ. 

30. Ali has narrated from his father from ibn Mahbub from Malik ibn ‘ Atiyyah from ‘Abd al-‘A‘la’ ibn ‘A‘yan who has said the following: I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who finds a prey in non-al-Haram (the sacred area) and ties it down next to al-Haram (the sacred area); but it walks and enters al-Haram (the sacred area) with the rope around its neck. The man pulls the rope and takes it out of al-Haram (the sacred area) and he is in non-al-Haram (the sacred area). He (the Imam) said, ‘Its price and meat is prohibited like the dead animal’s.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 3, Chapter 21