Virtue of Charity

Giving Charity Repels Misfortune

The Virtue of Giving Charity Out of Public Sight

Giving Charity During the Night

Giving Charity Increases One’s Wealth

Giving Charity to Relatives

Providing for the Family to Improve the Quality of Their Lives

One’s Dependents

Giving Charity to Those Whom One Does Not Know

Giving Charity to Bedouins and People Who Live in Desolate Areas

Undesirability of Turning Away One Asking for Help

The Amount of Charity for One Asking for Help

The Prayer of the Recipient of Charity

One Who Distributes Charity Has a Share in Rewards with the Donor of Charity

Self-Abnegation (Giving Preference to Others Over One’s Self)

One Who Asks for Help Without Actually Needing Help

Unpleasantness of Begging

Embarrassing the Recipient of a Favor

Giving Charity After an Appeal From a Recipient

Benevolent Assistance (Optional Charity as Opposed to Compulsory Ones)

The Virtue of Benevolent Assistance

Another Chapter about the Subject of the Previous Chapter

Providing Benevolent Assistance Repels Wicked Encounters

Providers of Benevolent Assistance Will be Identified as Such on the Day of Judgment

Completion of Benevolent Assistance

Finding a Proper Recipient of Benevolent Assistance

Disciplines for Providing Benevolent Assistance

Refusing to Appreciate a Benevolent Assistance

Providing a Loan

Extending Due Date of Payment in Favor of the Borrower

Waiving a Loan in Favor of a Dead Person

The Cost of Maintenance of Wealth

Appreciation of Bounties

Understanding Generosity and Munificence

Spending on Deserving Causes

Stinginess and Greed

Rare Ahadith about Charity

Virtue of Serving Food

The Excellence of Moderation

Detestability of Over-Spending and Living in Austerity

Providing Water for Drinking

Charity for Descendents of al-Hashim and the People of Their Household (Servants) and Compensation to Them

The Rare Ahadith

The Excellence of Fast and Fasting

The Excellence of the Month of Ramadan

About the One Who Serves Food to a Fasting Person

Prohibition of Saying ‘Ramadan’ Instead of the ‘Month of Ramadan’

The Words to Say When the Month of Ramadan is About to Begin

Verifying the Rise of the New Moon and Finding Witnesses for It

Another Chapter about the Previous Subject

The Day That Is Doubtful About Its Being of the Month of Sha‘ban or the Month of Ramadan

Kinds of Fasts

Disciplines During Fasting

The Fasting of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause

Excellence of Fasting in the Month of Shaman, Continuing Such Fast to Connect it with the Month of Ramadan, and Three Days of Fasting Every Month

Breakfast before Dawn

The Prayer to Say During Breakfast after Sunset

Fasting Continuously and All the Time

The Case of One Who Eats or Drinks but Has Doubts About Its Taking Place before or after Dawn

What Is Dawn, When Does It Come and When Is It Unlawful to Eat?

The Case of One Who Eats, Thinking it to Be after Sunset, when It Is Not yet Sunset

The Time of Breaking Fast after Sunset

The Case of One who Eats or Drinks out of Forgetfulness During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Knowingly Eats or Is Involved in Carnal Relation During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Person Involved in Carnal Relations in the Form of Kissing or Foreplay

The Case of One Who Experiences a Wet-Dream During the Night in the Month of Ramadan or at Other Times and Does Not Shower before Dawn or It Occurs During the Night or Day

The Undesirability of Immersing One’s Head in Water while Fasting

Rinsing One’s Mouth and Nostrils while Fasting

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Vomiting, Nauseating or Burping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Bath Room and Apply Cupping

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Sniffling or Use of Eardrops or Enema

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Use of Kohl (Eye Drops or powder)

A Fasting Person’s Use of Tooth Brush

A Fasting Person’s Use of Perfumes

A Fasting Person’s Use of Chewing Gum

The Case of a Fasting Person Tasting the Salt in Cooking Pot and Chews for the Fledgling

The Case of a Fly or Mucus Entering the Throat of a Fasting Person

The Case of a Fasting Person’s Keeping a Ring, a Pebble or a Date Stone in His Mouth while Fasting

The Case of Seniors Who Feel Weak when Fasting

The Case of a Pregnant or Breastfeeding Woman Who Feels Weak when Fasting

The Limit of Illness That Exempts One from Fasting

The Case of One Who Remains Ill for Two Consecutive Months of Ramadan

Remedy and Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fasting During the Month of Ramadan

The Case of One Who Wakes up in the Morning with an Intention to Fast, but Who Does Not Do So or Vice Versa when Fasting Is a Compensatory Fast for the Missed Fast in the Month of Ramadan or Other Days

The Case of One Who Fasts Optionally while He Is Obligated to Make Up for Fasting of the Month of Ramadan He Has Missed

The Case of a Person Who Passes Away Owing Fasting of the Month of Ramadan or Other Times

Children’s Fasting and When They Owe Fasting

The Case of One Who Becomes a Muslim during the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability of Traveling in the Month of Ramadan

Undesirability (unlawfulness) of Fast on a Journey

The Case of One Who Fasts on a Journey out of Ignorance

Those Who Do or Do Not Have to Break Their Fast on a Journey 

Optional Fasting on a Journey and Qada’ (compensatory fast) of Fasting Missed on a Journey

The Case of One Who Begins a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of a Traveler Who Enters His Town or a Place where He Wants to Stay for Ten Days

The Case of One Who Involves Himself in Carnal Relations with His Wife on a Journey or Returns from a Journey in the Month of Ramadan

The Case of Fasting during Menses: Major or Minor One

The Case of One Who Owes Fasting of Two Consecutive Months but an Obstacle Prevents Him 

Fasting As Expiation for Swearing

1ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ قَالَ كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) مُزَامَلَةً فِيمَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى الْحَرَمِ نَزَلَ وَاغْتَسَلَ وَأَخَذَ نَعْلَيْهِ بِيَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ الْحَرَمَ حَافِياً فَصَنَعْتُ مِثْلَ مَا صَنَعَ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَانُ مَنْ صَنَعَ مِثْلَ مَا رَأَيْتَنِي صَنَعْتُ تَوَاضُعاً لله مَحَا الله عَنْهُ مِائَةَ أَلْفِ سَيِّئَةٍ وَكَتَبَ لَهُ مِائَةَ أَلْفِ حَسَنَةٍ وَبَنَى الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَهُ مِائَةَ أَلْفِ دَرَجَةٍ وَقَضَى لَهُ مِائَةَ أَلْفِ حَاجَةٍ.

1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘ Abd Allah from his father from al-Qasim ibn Ibrahim from Aban ibn Taghlib who has said the following: “I was in the presence of abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), as journey-mate between al-Madinah and Makkah. When we arrived at the area of al-Haram (the sacred area), he dismounted, took a shower, took his shoes in his hand and then entered the Sacred area barefoot. I also did as he had done. He said to me, ‘O Aban, if one does what you see me doing to show humbleness before Allah, Allah deletes one hundred thousand of his sins and writes down for him one hundred thousand good deeds. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, will build for him one hundred thousand degrees and makes his one hundred thousand wishes to come truth.’” 

2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ السِّنْدِيِّ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ قَالَ زَامَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) فِيمَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى الْحَرَمِ اغْتَسَلَ وَأَخَذَ نَعْلَيْهِ بِيَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ مَشَى فِي الْحَرَمِ سَاعَةً. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ مِثْلَهُ.

2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Salih ibn al-Sindiy from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Husayn ibn al-Mukhtar from abu ‘Ubaydah who has said the following: “I once accompanied abu Ja‘far (a.s.), during a journey between Makkah and al-Madinah. When he arrived in al-Haram (the sacred area), he took a shower, then took his shoes in his hand and walked into al-Haram (the sacred area) for an hour.” Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al- Husayn ibn al-Mukhtar a similar Hadith. 

3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) إِذَا دَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ فَتَنَاوَلْ مِنَ الإِذْخِرِ فَامْضَغْهُ وَكَانَ يَأْمُرُ أُمَّ فَرْوَةَ بِذَلِكَ.

3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ah ibn al-Hakam from Ah ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When you enter al-Haram (the sacred area), take from al-Idhkhir and chew it well.’ He (the Imam) would instruct ‘Umm Farwah to also do so.” 

4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَم) قَالَ إِذَا دَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ فَخُذْ مِنَ الإِذْخِرِ فَامْضَغْهُ. قَالَ الْكُلَيْنِيُّ سَأَلْتُ بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ هَذَا فَقَالَ يُسْتَحَبُّ ذَلِكَ لِيَطِيبَ بِهَا الْفَمُ لِتَقْبِيلِ الْحَجَرِ.

4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that when you enter al-Haram (the sacred area), take from al-Idhkhir and chew it well.” Al-Kulayniy has said, ‘I asked about it from our people and he replied, “It is preferable to freshen one’s mouth, so that one can kiss the Black Stone without bad breath.’” 

5ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأَشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ عَنْ ذَرِيحٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْغُسْلِ فِي الْحَرَمِ قَبْلَ دُخُولِهِ أَوْ بَعْدَ دُخُولِهِ قَالَ لا يَضُرُّكَ أَيَّ ذَلِكَ فَعَلْتَ وَإِنِ اغْتَسَلْتَ بِمَكَّةَ فَلا بَأْسَ وَإِنِ اغْتَسَلْتَ فِي بَيْتِكَ حِينَ تَنْزِلُ بِمَكَّةَ فَلا بَأْسَ. 

5. Abu Ah al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from Dharih who has said the following: “I asked him (the source is not mentioned) about taking a shower in al-Haram (the sacred area) before or after entering. He replied, ‘Either way is not harmful. You may take a shower when you are in Makkah or take a shower at home when you are about to enter Makkah.’” 

Al-Kāfi - Volume 4

Book 3, Chapter 116