Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

5388 - رَوَى عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ سَعْدٍ اَلْإِسْكَافِ عَنِ اَلْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ قَالَ: قَضَى أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي جَارِيَةٍ رَكِبَتْ جَارِيَةً فَنَخَسَتْهَا جَارِيَةٌ أُخْرَى فَقَمَصَتِ اَلْمَرْكُوبَةُ فَصَرَعَتِ اَلرَّاكِبَةَ فَمَاتَتْ فَقَضَى بِدِيَتِهَا نِصْفَيْنِ بَيْنَ اَلنَّاخِسَةِ وَ اَلْمَنْخُوسَةِ.

Hadith.5388 - Amr ibn Uthman narrated from Abu Jamilah, from Sa'd Al-Iskaf, from Al-Asbagh ibn Nubatah, who said: Commander of the Faithful Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), ruled in a case where a slave girl was riding on another slave girl. A third slave girl prodded the one being ridden, causing her to buck, which led to the rider falling and dying. He ruled that the diyah (blood money) for the deceased should be divided equally between the one who prodded (nakhisah) and the one who was prodded (mankhusah).

5389 - وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : "مَنْ قَتَلَ حَمِيمَ قَوْمٍ فَلْيُصَالِحْهُمْ مَا قَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّهُ أَخَفُّ لِحِسَابِهِ".

Hadith.5389 - It is narrated from Wahb ibn Wahb, from Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) from his father, Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), that Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Whoever kills a close relative (hamim) of a people should seek reconciliation with them as much as he is able, for it will lighten his reckoning."

5390 - رَوَى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ‌ قَالَ: لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا ضَرَبَ رَجُلًا سَوْطاً لَضَرَبَهُ اللَّهُ سَوْطاً مِنَ النَّارِ.

Hadith.5390 - Abdullah ibn Sinan narrated from Al-Thumali, from Sa'id ibn Al-Musayyab, from Jabir ibn Abdullah, who said: "If a man strikes another man with a whip, Allah (swt) will strike him with a whip of fire."

5391 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اِبْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "دِيَةُ كَلْبِ اَلصَّيْدِ أَرْبَعُونَ دِرْهَماً وَ دِيَةُ كَلْبِ اَلْمَاشِيَةِ عِشْرُونَ دِرْهَماً وَ دِيَةُ اَلْكَلْبِ اَلَّذِي لَيْسَ لِلصَّيْدِ وَ لاَ لِلْمَاشِيَةِ زَبِيلٌ مِنْ تُرَابٍ عَلَى اَلْقَاتِلِ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ وَ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ أَنْ يَقْبَلَ".

Hadith.5391 - In the narration of Ibn Faddal from some of his companions from Abu Abdullah (as), that Imam (as) said: "The diyah (compensatory blood money) for a (killing) hunting dog is forty dirhams, the diyah for a livestock dog is twenty dirhams, and the diyah for a dog that is neither for hunting nor for livestock is a basket of dirt - the killer must give it, and the owner must accept it."

5392 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي اَلْجَارُودِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يَقُولُ: "كَانَتْ بَغْلَةُ رَسُولِ اَللَّهِ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ لاَ يَرُدُّوهَا عَنْ شَيْءٍ وَقَعَتْ فِيهِ " قَالَ "فَأَتَاهَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي مُدْلِجٍ وَ قَدْ وَقَعَتْ فِي قَصَبٍ لَهُ فَفَوَّقَ لَهَا سَهْماً فَقَتَلَهَا" فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "وَ اَللَّهِ لاَ تُفَارِقُنِي حَتَّى تَدِيَهَا" قَالَ "فَوَدَاهَا سِتَّمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ".

Hadith.5392 - Muhammad ibn Sinan narrated from Abu Al-Jarud who said: I heard Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) say: "The mule of the Messenger of Allah (swt) (peace be upon him and his family) was never stopped from going anywhere it wanted." Imam (as) said: "A man from Banu Mudlij came, and the mule had entered his field of reeds. He prepared an arrow and killed it." Then Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said to him: "By Allah (swt), you will not leave me until you compensate for it." So he compensated for it with six hundred dirhams.

5393 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلُ بْنُ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ كَسَرَ يَدَ رَجُلٍ ثُمَّ بَرَأَتْ يَدُ اَلرَّجُلِ فَقَالَ "لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ فِي هَذَا قِصَاصٌ وَ لَكِنَّهُ يُعْطِي اَلْأَرْشَ".

Hadith.5393 - Jameel ibn Darraj narrated from some of our companions from one of the two Imams (as) regarding a man who broke another man's hand, and then the man's hand healed. Imam (as) said: "There is no retaliation (qisas) in this case, but he must pay compensation (Al-arsh)."

5394 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ وَ حُسَيْنٍ اَلرَّوَّاسِيِّ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ اَلْمَرْأَةُ تَخَافُ اَلْحَبَلَ فَتَشْرَبُ اَلدَّوَاءَ فَتُلْقِي مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا فَقَالَ "لاَ" فَقُلْتُ إِنَّمَا هُوَ نُطْفَةٌ قَالَ "إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَا يُخْلَقُ نُطْفَةٌ".

Hadith.5394 - Al-Husayn ibn Said narrated from Ibn Abi Umayr from Muhammad ibn Abi Hamzah and Husayn Al-Rawwasi from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said: I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a woman who fears pregnancy and drinks medicine to cause a miscarriage. Imam (as) replied: "No." I said: "It is only a drop of fluid (nutfah)." Imam (as) said: "Indeed, the first stage of creation is a drop of fluid (nutfah)."

5395 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "سَأَلَنِي دَاوُدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَانَ يَأْتِي بَيْتَ رَجُلٍ فَنَهَاهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ بَيْتَهُ فَأَبَى أَنْ يَفْعَلَ فَذَهَبَ إِلَى اَلسُّلْطَانِ فَقَالَ اَلسُّلْطَانُ إِنْ فَعَلَ فَاقْتُلْهُ قَالَ فَقَتَلَهُ فَمَا تَرَى فِيهِ فَقُلْتُ أَرَى أَنْ لاَ يَقْتُلَهُ إِنَّهُ إِنِ اِسْتَقَامَ هَذَا ثُمَّ شَاءَ أَنْ يَقُولَ كُلُّ إِنْسَانٍ لِعَدُوِّهِ دَخَلَ بَيْتِي فَقَتَلْتُهُ".

Hadith.5395 - Al-Husayn ibn Said narrated from Fadalah from Dawud ibn Farqad from Abu Abdullah (as), that Imam (as) recounted: "Dawud ibn Ali asked me about a man who used to visit another man's house, and the owner forbade him from coming to his house, but he refused to stop. So the owner went to the ruler, and the ruler said: 'If he does it again, kill him.' So the man killed him. What is your opinion on this?" So I (Imam (as)) said: "I see that he should not have killed him. If this ruling were upheld, then anyone could later claim that an enemy entered their house, and they killed him."

5396 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ اَلنَّضْرِ عَنِ اَلْحُصَيْنِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ اَلْمُسَيَّبِ : أَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ كَتَبَ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى اَلْأَشْعَرِيِّ أَنَّ اِبْنَ أَبِي اَلْحُسَيْنِ وَجَدَ عَلَى بَطْنِ اِمْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلاً فَقَتَلَهُ وَ قَدْ أَشْكَلَ حُكْمُ ذَلِكَ عَلَى اَلْقُضَاةِ فَسَلْ عَلِيّاً عَنْ هَذَا اَلْأَمْرِ قَالَ فَسَأَلَ أَبُو مُوسَى عَلِيّاً عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ "وَ اَللَّهِ مَا هَذَا فِي هَذِهِ اَلْبِلاَدِ يَعْنِي اَلْكُوفَةَ وَ مَا يَلِيهَا وَ مَا هَذَا بِحَضْرَتِي فَمِنْ أَيْنَ جَاءَكَ هَذَا" قَالَ كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ مُعَاوِيَةُ أَنَّ اِبْنَ أَبِي اَلْحُسَيْنِ وَجَدَ مَعَ اِمْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلاً فَقَتَلَهُ وَ قَدْ أَشْكَلَ حُكْمُ ذَلِكَ عَلَى اَلْقُضَاةِ فَرَأْيُكَ فِي هَذَا فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "أَنَا أَبُو اَلْحَسَنِ إِنْ جَاءَ بِأَرْبَعَةٍ يَشْهَدُونَ عَلَى مَا شَهِدَ وَ إِلاَّ دُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ بِرُمَّتِهِ".

Hadith.5396 - Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya narrated from Ali ibn Isma'il from Ahmad ibn Al-Nadr from Al-Husayn ibn Amr from Yahya ibn Said ibn Al-Musayyab that Mu'awiyah wrote to Abu Musa Al-Ashari, saying: "The son of Abu Al-Husayn found a man with his wife and killed him. This matter has become confusing for the judges, so ask Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) about this issue." Abu Musa asked Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as), and Imam (as) replied: "By Allah (swt), this matter is not in this land - meaning Kufa and its surroundings - nor is it in my presence. So how did this come to you?" He (Abu Musa) replied: "Mu'awiyah wrote to me that the son of Abu Al-Husayn found a man with his wife and killed him, and this matter has confused the judges. What is your opinion on this?" Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "I am Abu Al-Hasan (as). If he brings four witnesses who testify to what he claimed, then so be it. Otherwise, he should be handed over in full (for punishment)."

5397 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ اِبْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَيْهِمَا اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "إِذَا مَاتَ وَلِيُّ اَلْمَقْتُولِ قَامَ وَلَدُهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ مَقَامَهُ بِالدَّمِ".

Hadith.5397 - In the narration of Ibn Abi Umayr from Jameel from some of our companions from one of the two Imams (peace be upon them), that They (as) said: "If the guardian of the murdered person dies, his child assumes his position regarding the right to seek retribution for the blood."

5398 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "قَضَى أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي عَيْنِ فَرَسٍ فُقِئَتْ بِرُبُعِ ثَمَنِهِ يَوْمَ فُقِئَتِ اَلْعَيْنُ".

Hadith.5398 - Muhammad ibn Qays narrated from Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) who said: "The Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled that if the eye of a horse is gouged out, the compensation is a quarter of its value on the day its eye was gouged out."

5399 - : "وَ قَضَى أَمِيرُ اَلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فِي أَرْبَعَةِ أَنْفُسٍ شُرَكَاءَ فِي بَعِيرٍ فَعَقَلَهُ أَحَدُهُمْ فَانْطَلَقَ اَلْبَعِيرُ فَعَبِثَ بِعِقَالِهِ فَتَرَدَّى فَانْكَسَرَ فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُهُ لِلَّذِي عَقَلَهُ اِغْرَمْ لَنَا بَعِيرَنَا فَقَضَى بَيْنَهُمْ "أَنْ يَغْرَمُوا لَهُ حَظَّهُ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهُ أَوْثَقَ حَظَّهُ فَذَهَبَ حَظُّهُمْ بِحَظِّهِ" ".

Hadith.5399 - The Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled regarding four people who were partners in a camel. One of them tied it, but the camel struggled with its tether, broke free, fell, and was injured. The other owners said to the one who had tied it, "You must compensate us for our camel." So Imam (as) ruled between them, saying: "They must compensate him for his share because he had secured his portion properly, but their shares were lost along with his.".

5400 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى بِإِسْنَادِهِ قَالَ: رُفِعَ إِلَى اَلْمَأْمُونِ رَجُلٌ دَفَعَ رَجُلاً فِي بِئْرٍ فَمَاتَ فَأَمَرَ بِهِ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ فَقَالَ اَلرَّجُلُ إِنِّي كُنْتُ فِي مَنْزِلِي فَسَمِعْتُ اَلْغَوْثَ فَخَرَجْتُ مُسْرِعاً وَ مَعِي سَيْفِي فَمَرَرْتُ عَلَى هَذَا وَ هُوَ عَلَى شَفِيرِ بِئْرٍ فَدَفَعْتُهُ فَوَقَعَ فِي اَلْبِئْرِ فَسَأَلَ اَلْمَأْمُونُ اَلْفُقَهَاءَ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ يُقَادُ بِهِ وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ يُفْعَلُ بِهِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَسَأَلَ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ "دِيَتُهُ عَلَى أَصْحَابِ اَلْغَوْثِ اَلَّذِينَ صَاحُوا اَلْغَوْثَ" قَالَ فَاسْتَعْظَمَ ذَلِكَ اَلْفُقَهَاءُ فَقَالُوا لِلْمَأْمُونِ سَلْهُ مِنْ أَيْنَ قُلْتَ هَذَا فَسَأَلَ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ "إِنَّ اِمْرَأَةً اِسْتَعْدَتْ إِلَى سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَلَى رِيحٍ فَقَالَتْ كُنْتُ عَلَى فَوْقِ بَيْتِي فَدَفَعَتْنِي رِيحٌ فَوَقَعْتُ إِلَى اَلدَّارِ فَانْكَسَرَتْ يَدِي فَدَعَا سُلَيْمَانُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِالرِّيحِ فَقَالَ لَهَا مَا حَمَلَكِ عَلَى مَا صَنَعْتِ بِهَذِهِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ فَقَالَتِ اَلرِّيحُ يَا نَبِيَّ اَللَّهِ إِنَّ سَفِينَةَ بَنِي فُلاَنٍ كَانَتْ فِي اَلْبَحْرِ قَدْ أَشْرَفَ أَهْلُهَا عَلَى اَلْغَرَقِ فَمَرَرْتُ بِهَذِهِ اَلْمَرْأَةِ وَ أَنَا مُسْتَعْجِلَةٌ فَوَقَعَتْ فَانْكَسَرَتْ يَدُهَا فَقَضَى سُلَيْمَانُ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ بِأَرْشِ يَدِهَا عَلَى أَصْحَابِ اَلسَّفِينَةِ".

Hadith.5400 - In the narration of Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya through his chain of transmission, it is reported that a man was brought before Al-Ma'mun for having pushed another man into a well, resulting in his death. Al-Ma'mun ordered that the man be executed. The man said: "I was in my house when I heard cries for help. I rushed out quickly with my sword and passed by this man who was standing at the edge of a well. I pushed him, and he fell into the well." Al-Ma'mun consulted the jurists about this matter. Some of them said he should be subjected to retribution, while others suggested different punishments. Al-Ma'mun then asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about this matter and wrote to him. Abu Al-Hasan (as) replied: "His blood money is upon those who cried out for help." The jurists found this ruling surprising and said to Al-Ma'mun: "Ask him on what basis he gave this ruling." When Al-Ma'mun asked, Abu Al-Hasan (as) said: "A woman once complained to Prophet Sulayman ibn Dawud (as) about the wind. She said: 'I was on the roof of my house when a gust of wind pushed me, and I fell into a courtyard, breaking my arm.' Sulayman (as) summoned the wind and asked: 'What caused you to do this to this woman?' The wind replied: 'O' Prophet of Allah (swt), the ship of a certain people was in the sea and was on the verge of sinking. I passed by this woman while hurrying to help them, and she fell, breaking her arm.' Sulayman (as) ruled that the compensation for her arm should be paid by the people of the ship."

5401 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ : أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ اَلْخَطَّابِ أُتِيَ بِرَجُلٍ قَدْ قَتَلَ أَخَا رَجُلٍ فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِ وَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُ فَضَرَبَهُ اَلرَّجُلُ حَتَّى رَأَى أَنَّهُ قَدْ قَتَلَهُ فَحُمِلَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ فَوَجَدُوا بِهِ رَمَقاً فَعَالَجُوهُ حَتَّى بَرَأَ فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ أَخَذَهُ أَخُ اَلْمَقْتُولِ اَلْأَوَّلِ فَقَالَ أَنْتَ قَاتِلُ أَخِي وَ لِيَ أَنْ أَقْتُلَكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ قَدْ قَتَلْتَنِي مَرَّةً فَانْطَلَقَ بِهِ إِلَى عُمَرَ فَأَمَرَ بِقَتْلِهِ فَخَرَجَ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ يَا أَيُّهَا اَلنَّاسُ وَ اَللَّهِ قَدْ قَتَلَنِي مَرَّةً فَمَرُّوا بِهِ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ صَلَوَاتُ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِخَبَرِهِ فَقَالَ "لاَ تَعْجَلْ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى أَخْرُجَ إِلَيْكَ" فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَلَى عُمَرَ فَقَالَ "لَيْسَ اَلْحُكْمُ فِيهِ هَكَذَا" فَقَالَ مَا هُوَ يَا أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ قَالَ "يَقْتَصُّ هَذَا مِنْ أَخِ اَلْمَقْتُولِ اَلْأَوَّلِ مَا صَنَعَ بِهِ ثُمَّ يَقْتُلُهُ بِأَخِيهِ" فَظَنَّ اَلرَّجُلُ أَنَّهُ إِنِ اِقْتَصَّ مِنْهُ أَتَى عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فَعَفَا عَنْهُ وَ تَتَارَكَا.

Hadith.5401 - In the narration of Aban ibn Uthman, it is reported that Umar ibn Al-Khattab was presented with a man who had killed another man's brother. Umar handed him over to the victim's brother and ordered him to kill him. The man struck him until he thought he had killed him. He was carried to his home, and they found he still had some life in him. They treated him until he recovered. When he recovered, the brother of the first murdered man seized him and said: "You are the killer of my brother, and I have the right to kill you." The man replied: "You have already killed me once." He was then brought before Umar, who ordered his execution. As he was being taken away, he cried out: "O' people, by Allah (swt), he has already killed me once!" They passed by Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) and informed him of the situation. Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: "Do not rush to kill him until I come out to you." Imam (as) entered upon Umar and said: "This is not the correct ruling in this matter." Umar asked: "Then what is it, O' Abu Al-Hasan (as)?" Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) replied: "This man should exact retribution from the brother of the first murdered man for what he did to him, and then he can be executed for his brother." The man thought that if he took retribution, it would lead to his own death, so he pardoned him, and they both left each other in peace. [BOOK=BOOK ON BEQUESTS (WASIYYAH)] كِتَابُ الْوَصِيَّةِ