Man Lā Yaḥḍuruh al-Faqīh

5316 - رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "إِنَّ فِي اَلنُّطْفَةِ عِشْرِينَ دِينَاراً وَ فِي اَلْعَلَقَةِ أَرْبَعِينَ دِينَاراً وَ فِي اَلْمُضْغَةِ سِتِّينَ دِينَاراً وَ فِي اَلْعَظْمِ ثَمَانِينَ دِينَاراً فَإِذَا كُسِيَ اَللَّحْمَ فَمِائَةٌ ثُمَّ هِيَ مِائَةٌ حَتَّى يَسْتَهِلَّ فَإِذَا اِسْتَهَلَّ فَالدِّيَةُ كَامِلَةً ".

Hadith.5316 - It was narrated by Muhammad ibn Ismaʿil ibn Buzayʿ from Ṣalih ibn Uqbah from Sulayman ibn Ṣalih from Abu Abdullah (as) who said: "Indeed, for the sperm-drop (nutfah) there is a compensation of twenty dinars, for the clot (Alaqah) forty dinars, for the lump of flesh (muḍghah) sixty dinars, for the bone (Aẓm) eighty dinars, and when it is clothed with flesh, it is one hundred dinars. Then it remains one hundred until it lets out a cry (at birth), and when it lets out a cry, the full blood money (diyyah) becomes due."

5317 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ يُونُسَ اَلشَّيْبَانِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ ع فَإِنْ خَرَجَ فِي اَلنُّطْفَةِ قَطْرَةُ دَمٍ قَالَ "فِي اَلْقَطْرَةِ عُشْرُ اَلنُّطْفَةِ فِيهَا اِثْنَانِ وَ عِشْرُونَ دِينَاراً" قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ قَطَرَتْ قَطْرَتَانِ قَالَ "فَأَرْبَعَةٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ دِينَاراً" قُلْتُ فَإِنْ قَطَرَتْ ثَلاَثٌ قَالَ "فَسِتَّةٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ دِينَاراً" قُلْتُ فَأَرْبَعٌ قَالَ "ثَمَانٌ وَ عِشْرُونَ وَ فِي خَمْسٍ ثَلاَثُونَ فَإِنْ زَادَتْ عَلَى اَلنِّصْفِ فَبِحِسَابِ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى تَصِيرَ عَلَقَةً فَإِذَا كَانَ عَلَقَةً فَأَرْبَعُونَ دِينَاراً".

Hadith.5317 - It was narrated by Muhammad ibn Ismaʿil from Yunus Al-Shaybani who said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as): "What if a drop of blood appears in the sperm-drop (nutfah)?" Imam (as) replied: "For a single drop, it is one-tenth of the compensation for the nutfah, which is twenty-two dinars." I asked: "What if there are two drops?" Imam (as) said: "Then it is twenty-four dinars." I asked: "What if there are three drops?" Imam (as) said: "Then it is twenty-six dinars." I asked: "And four drops?" Imam (as) said: "Then twenty-eight dinars. And for five drops, it is thirty dinars." Imam (as) continued: "If it exceeds half of the sperm, then the compensation is calculated accordingly until it becomes a clot ('alaqah). When it reaches the stage of a clot, the compensation is forty dinars."

5318 - وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَبِي شِبْلٍ قَالَ: حَضَرْتُ يُونُسَ اَلشَّيْبَانِيَّ وَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ يُخْبِرُهُ بِالدِّيَاتِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَإِنَّ اَلنُّطْفَةَ خَرَجَتْ مُتَخَضْخِضَةً بِالدَّمِ قَالَ "قَدْ عَلِقَتْ إِنْ كَانَ دَمٌ صَافٍ فَفِيهِ أَرْبَعُونَ وَ إِنْ كَانَ دَمٌ أَسْوَدُ فَلاَ شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ إِلاَّ اَلتَّعْزِيرَ لِأَنَّهُ مَا كَانَ مِنْ دَمٍ صَافٍ فَذَلِكَ لِلْوَلَدِ وَ مَا كَانَ مِنْ دَمٍ أَسْوَدَ فَإِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ مِنَ اَلْجَوْفِ" قَالَ أَبُو شِبْلٍ فَإِنَّ اَلْعَلَقَةَ قَدْ صَارَتْ فِيهَا شِبْهُ اَلْعِرْقِ مِنَ اَللَّحْمِ قَالَ "فِيهِ اِثْنَانِ وَ أَرْبَعُونَ اَلْعُشْرُ" قُلْتُ فَإِنَّ عُشْرَ أَرْبَعِينَ أَرْبَعَةٌ قَالَ "إِنَّمَا هُوَ عُشْرُ اَلْمُضْغَةِ لِأَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا ذَهَبَ عُشْرُهَا وَ كُلَّمَا زَادَتْ زِيدَ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ اَلسِّتِّينَ" قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُ فِي اَلْمُضْغَةِ شِبْهَ اَلْعُقْدَةِ عَظْماً يَابِساً قَالَ "فَذَاكَ اَلْعَظْمُ اَلَّذِي أَوَّلُ مَا يُبْتَدَأُ فِيهِ أَرْبَعَةُ دَنَانِيرَ فَإِنْ زَادَ فَزِدْ أَرْبَعَةً حَتَّى يُتِمَّ اَلثَّمَانِينَ وَ كَذَلِكَ إِذَا كُسِيَ اَلْعَظْمُ لَحْماً فَكَذَلِكَ" قَالَ قُلْتُ فَإِذَا وَكَزَهَا فَسَقَطَ اَلصَّبِيُّ لاَ يُدْرَى أَ حَيٌّ كَانَ أَمْ لاَ قَالَ "هَيْهَاتَ يَا أَبَا شِبْلٍ إِذَا ذَهَبَتِ اَلْخَمْسَةُ اَلْأَشْهُرِ فَقَدْ صَارَتْ فِيهِ اَلْحَيَاةُ وَ اِسْتَوْجَبَ اَلدِّيَةَ".

Hadith.5318 - It was narrated by Muhammad ibn Ismaʿil from Abu Shibl who said: I was present with Yunus Al-Shaybani while Abu Abdullah (as) was informing him about blood money (diyat). I asked Imam (as): "What if the sperm-drop (nutfah) came out mixed with blood?" Imam (as) replied: "If it has clotted and the blood is pure, then it is forty dinars. But if it is black blood, then there is nothing upon him except disciplinary punishment (taʿzir), because pure blood is for the child, while black blood is from within the body." Abu Shibl asked: "What if the clot (Alaqah) has a vein-like piece of flesh in it?" Imam (as) replied: "It is forty-two dinars, with one-tenth of it." I asked: "Is one-tenth of forty not four?" Imam (as) said: "It is one-tenth of the muḍghah (chewed-like substance) because only one-tenth of it was lost. As it grows, the amount increases until it reaches sixty." I asked: "I saw in the muḍghah something like a solid bone knot." Imam (as) said: "That is the bone, which initially starts with four dinars. If it increases, then add four more until it completes eighty dinars. Similarly, when the bone is covered with flesh, it follows the same ruling." I asked: "If a woman was struck, causing the fetus to miscarry and it is not known whether the fetus was alive or not?" Imam (as) replied: "Far from it, O' Abu Shibl! Once five months have passed, life has been instilled in it, and full blood money (diyyah) becomes obligatory."

5319 - وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَالَ: "جَاءَتِ اِمْرَأَةٌ فَاسْتَعْدَتْ عَلَى أَعْرَابِيٍّ قَدْ أَفْزَعَهَا فَأَلْقَتْ جَنِيناً فَقَالَ اَلْأَعْرَابِيُّ لَمْ يُهِلَّ وَ لَمْ يَصِحْ وَ مِثْلُهُ يُطَلُّ فَقَالَ لَهُ اَلنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اَللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ "اُسْكُتْ سَجَّاعَةُ عَلَيْكَ غُرَّةٌ عَبْدٌ أَوْ أَمَةٌ" ".

Hadith.5319 - In the narration of Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr from Muhammad ibn Abi Hamzah from Dawud ibn Farqad from Abu Abdullah (as), it is reported: A woman came forward to complain about a Bedouin who had frightened her, causing her to miscarry her fetus. The Bedouin argued: "It neither cried out nor made any sound, and something like this is simply wasted (i.e., not compensated)." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said to him: "Be quiet!, O' rhyming speaker! Upon you is a ghurrah (compensation for a miscarried fetus) - either a male or female slave."

5320 - وَ رَوَى جَمِيلُ بْنُ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ إِنَّ اَلْغُرَّةَ تَكُونُ بِمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ وَ تَكُونُ بِعَشَرَةِ دَنَانِيرَ فَقَالَ "بِخَمْسِينَ".

Hadith.5320 - In the narration of Jamil ibn Darraj from Ubayd ibn Zurarah, he said: I asked Abu Abdullah (as): "The ghurra (compensation for a miscarried fetus) is sometimes valued at one hundred dinars and sometimes at ten dinars." Imam (as) replied: "It is fifty."

5321 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي اِمْرَأَةٍ شَرِبَتْ دَوَاءً وَ هِيَ حَامِلٌ لِتَطْرَحَ وَلَدَهَا فَأَلْقَتْ وَلَدَهَا قَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَظْمٌ قَدْ نَبَتَ عَلَيْهِ اَللَّحْمُ وَ شُقَّ لَهُ اَلسَّمْعُ وَ اَلْبَصَرُ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهَا دِيَةً تُسَلِّمُهَا إِلَى أَبِيهِ" قَالَ "وَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلَقَةً أَوْ مُضْغَةً فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهَا أَرْبَعِينَ دِينَاراً أَوْ غُرَّةً تُسَلِّمُهَا إِلَى أَبِيهِ" قُلْتُ فَهِيَ لاَ تَرِثُ مِنْ وَلَدِهَا مِنْ دِيَتِهِ قَالَ "لاَ لِأَنَّهَا قَتَلَتْهُ".

Hadith.5321 - In the narration by Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub from Ali ibn Riʾab from Abu Ubaydah from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a woman who drank medicine while she was pregnant to abort her child and then miscarried. Imam (as) said: "If the fetus had developed bones covered with flesh and its hearing and sight had been formed, then she must pay the full blood money (diyyah) and hand it over to the child's father." Imam (as) further said: "If it was still in the stage of a clot (Alaqah) or a piece of flesh (muḍghah), then she must pay forty dinars or provide a ghurra (compensation), handing it over to the father." I asked: "Does she inherit anything from her child's blood money?" Imam (as) replied: "No, because she killed the child."

5322 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ نُعَيْمِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : فِي رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ جَنِينَ أَمَةٍ لِقَوْمٍ فِي بَطْنِهَا فَقَالَ "إِنْ كَانَ مَاتَ فِي بَطْنِهَا بَعْدَ مَا ضَرَبَهَا فَعَلَيْهِ نِصْفُ عُشْرِ قِيمَةِ اَلْأَمَةِ وَ إِنْ ضَرَبَهَا فَأَلْقَتْهُ حَيّاً فَمَاتَ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ عُشْرَ قِيمَةِ اَلْأَمَةِ".

Hadith.5322 - In the narration by Al-Hasan ibn Mahbub from Nuaym ibn Ibrahim from Abdullah ibn Sinan from Abu Abdullah (as) regarding a man who killed the fetus of a female slave belonging to a group of people while it was still in her womb. Imam (as) said: "If the fetus died in her womb after he struck her, then he must pay half of one-tenth of the value of the female slave. However, if he struck her and she miscarried the fetus alive and then it died, he must pay one-tenth of the value of the female slave."

5323 - وَ سَأَلَ سَمَاعَةُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ : عَنْ رَجُلٍ ضَرَبَ اِبْنَتَهُ وَ هِيَ حُبْلَى فَأَسْقَطَتْ سِقْطاً مَيِّتاً فَاسْتَعْدَى زَوْجُ اَلْمَرْأَةِ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَتِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ لِزَوْجِهَا إِنْ كَانَ لِهَذَا اَلسِّقْطِ دِيَةٌ وَ لِي مِنْهُ مِيرَاثٌ فَإِنَّ مِيرَاثِي مِنْهُ لِأَبِي قَالَ "يَجُوزُ لِأَبِيهَا مَا وَهَبَتْ لَهُ".

Hadith.5323 - Samaah asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who struck his pregnant daughter, causing her to miscarry a stillborn child. The woman's husband sought legal action against her father. The woman said to her husband, "If this fetus has a diyyah (blood money), and I am entitled to an inheritance from it, then I give my share of the inheritance to my father." Imam (as) responded: "It is permissible for her father to receive what she has gifted to him."

5324 - وَ رَوَى اَلْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ اَلْفُضَيْلِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا اَلْحَسَنِ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ عَنْ لِصٍّ دَخَلَ عَلَى اِمْرَأَةٍ حُبْلَى فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا فَأَلْقَتْ مَا فِي بَطْنِهَا فَوَثَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ اَلْمَرْأَةُ فَقَتَلَتْهُ قَالَ "يُطَلُّ دَمُ اَللِّصِّ وَ عَلَى اَلْمَقْتُولِ دِيَةُ سَخْلَتِهَا".

Hadith.5324 - Al-Husayn ibn Saʿid narrated from Muhammad ibn Al-Fuḍayl who said: I asked Abu Al-Hasan (as) about a thief who entered upon a pregnant woman, assaulted her, and caused her to miscarry. The woman then attacked the thief and killed him. Imam (as) replied: "The blood of the thief is not avenged (yutallu), but the diyyah (blood money) for her miscarried fetus is due upon her."