Al-Kāfi

1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) مِنْ عَلامَاتِ الْفِقْهِ الْحِلْمُ وَالْعِلْمُ وَالصَّمْتُ إِنَّ الصَّمْتَ بَابٌ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الْحِكْمَةِ إِنَّ الصَّمْتَ يَكْسِبُ الْمَحَبَّةَ إِنَّهُ دَلِيلٌ عَلَى كُلِّ خَيْرٍ.

1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan al-Rida (a.s.) has said, ‘Of the signs of one’s intelligence is forbearance, knowledge and silence. Silence is one of the doors of wisdom. Silence earns love and it, certainly, is the guide to all good.’”

2ـ عَنْهُ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ إِنَّمَا شِيعَتُنَا الْخُرْسُ.

2. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan from abu Hamza who has said the following: “I heard abu Ja’far (a.s.) saying, ‘Our Shi’a (followers) are just (like) mute people (do not speak uselessly).”’

3ـ عَنْهُ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَلِيٍّ الْجَوَّانِيِّ قَالَ شَهِدْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) وَهُوَ يَقُولُ لِمَوْلىً لَهُ يُقَالُ لَهُ سَالِمٌ وَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى شَفَتَيْهِ وَقَالَ يَا سَالِمُ احْفَظْ لِسَانَكَ تَسْلَمْ وَلا تَحْمِلِ النَّاسَ عَلَى رِقَابِنَا.

3. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from abu Ali al-Jawwani who has said the following: “I saw Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) speaking to one of his slaves called Salim, placing his hands over his (slaves) mouth, ‘O Salim, control your tongue and you will have peace and do not load people over our necks.’”

4ـ عَنْهُ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى قَالَ حَضَرْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ صَلَوَاتُ الله عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ أَوْصِنِي فَقَالَ لَهُ احْفَظْ لِسَانَكَ تُعَزَّ وَلا تُمَكِّنِ النَّاسَ مِنْ قِيَادِكَ فَتُذِلَّ رَقَبَتَكَ‏.

4. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa who has said the following: “Once I was in the presence of abu al-Hassan (a.s.) and a man said, ‘Please teach me good advice.’ The Imam said, ‘Control your tongue and you will be respected and do not allow people to lead you to humiliation.’”

5ـ عَنْهُ عَنِ الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ أَبِي مَسْرُوقٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) لِرَجُلٍ أَتَاهُ أَ لا أَدُلُّكَ عَلَى أَمْرٍ يُدْخِلُكَ الله بِهِ الْجَنَّةَ قَالَ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ الله قَالَ أَنِلْ مِمَّا أَنَالَكَ الله قَالَ فَإِنْ كُنْتُ أَحْوَجَ مِمَّنْ أُنِيلُهُ قَالَ فَانْصُرِ الْمَظْلُومَ قَالَ وَإِنْ كُنْتُ أَضْعَفَ مِمَّنْ أَنْصُرُهُ قَالَ فَاصْنَعْ لِلأخْرَقِ يَعْنِي أَشِرْ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ فَإِنْ كُنْتُ أَخْرَقَ مِمَّنْ أَصْنَعُ لَهُ قَالَ فَأَصْمِتْ لِسَانَكَ إِلا مِنْ خَيْرٍ أَ مَا يَسُرُّكَ أَنْ تَكُونَ فِيكَ خَصْلَةٌ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْخِصَالِ تَجُرُّكَ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ.

5. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from al-Haytham ibn abu Masruq from Hisham ibn Salim from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah said to a man who had come to see him, ‘Should I guide you to a matter with which Allah will enter you in paradise?’ The man said, ‘Yes, O Messenger of Allah.’ The Messenger of Allah said, ‘Give of what Allah has given you.’ The man asked, ‘What if I were more needy than the recipient?’ The Messenger of Allah said, ‘Then help the oppressed.’ The man asked, ‘What if I were weaker than the oppressed?’ The Messenger of Allah then said, ‘Do what an ignorant person may do, that is, guide him to good.’ The man asked, ‘What if I were more ignorant than him?’ The Messenger of Allah said, ‘Control your tongue except from good. Do you not like to have one of the above mentioned qualities in you that may lead you to paradise?”’

6ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الأشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ لُقْمَانُ لإبْنِهِ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنْ كُنْتَ زَعَمْتَ أَنَّ الْكَلامَ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ فَإِنَّ السُّكُوتَ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ.

6. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja’far ibn Muhammad al- Ash’ari from ibn al-Qaddah from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Luqman (who is mentioned in Chapter 3 1 of the Holy Quran) said to his son, ‘My son, if you think speaking is silver, note it down that silence is gold.’”

7ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) أَمْسِكْ لِسَانَكَ فَإِنَّهَا صَدَقَةٌ تَصَدَّقُ بِهَا عَلَى نَفْسِكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَلا يَعْرِفُ عَبْدٌ حَقِيقَةَ الإيمَانِ حَتَّى يَخْزُنَ مِنْ لِسَانِهِ.

7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from al- Halabi in a marfu’ manner from the Messenger of Allah who has said the following: “Control your tongue; it is a charity that you give to yourself. He then said, ‘A servant (of Allah) will not know the reality of his belief until he reserves (controls) his tongue.’”

8ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ الله بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) فِي قَوْلِ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ قِيلَ لَهُمْ كُفُّوا أَيْدِيَكُمْ قَالَ يَعْنِي كُفُّوا أَلْسِنَتَكُمْ.

8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad Isma’il from Fadl ibn Shadhan all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Ibrahim ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid from ‘Ubayd Allah ibn Ali al-Halabi from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “About the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy: ‘Have you not seen those who were told to control their hands. . . .’ (4:77), the Imam said, ‘It (their hands) stands for their tongue.’”

9ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) نَجَاةُ الْمُؤْمِنِ فِي حِفْظِ لِسَانِهِ.

9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from al- Halabi in a marfu’ manner from the Messenger of Allah who has said the following: “The salvation of a believer is in his controlling his tongue.”

10ـ يُونُسُ عَنْ مُثَنًّى عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ كَانَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ رَحِمَهُ الله يَقُولُ يَا مُبْتَغِيَ الْعِلْمِ إِنَّ هَذَا اللِّسَانَ مِفْتَاحُ خَيْرٍ وَمِفْتَاحُ شَرٍّ فَاخْتِمْ عَلَى لِسَانِكَ كَمَا تَخْتِمُ عَلَى ذَهَبِكَ وَوَرِقِكَ.

10. Yunus has narrated from Muthanna from abu Basir who has said the following: “I heard abu Ja’far (a.s.) saying, abu Dhar may Allah grant him blessings, would say, ‘O you who seek knowledge, this tongues is the key to both good and evil. Seal your tongue as you would seal your gold and silver.’”

11ـ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْخَشَّابِ عَنِ ابْنِ بَقَّاحٍ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ جُمَيْعٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ كَانَ الْمَسِيحُ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ لا تُكْثِرُوا الْكَلامَ فِي غَيْرِ ذِكْرِ الله فَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُكْثِرُونَ الْكَلامَ فِي غَيْرِ ذِكْرِ الله قَاسِيَةٌ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَلَكِنْ لا يَعْلَمُونَ.

11. Hamid ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Khashshab from ibn Baqqah from Mu’adh ibn Thabit from ‘Amr ibn Jami’ from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Jesus would say, “Do not speak a great deal in things other than speaking of Allah. Those who speak a great deal in things other than speaking of Allah are hardhearted, but they do not know it.’””

12ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ مَا مِنْ يَوْمٍ إِلا وَكُلُّ عُضْوٍ مِنْ أَعْضَاءِ الْجَسَدِ يُكَفِّرُ اللِّسَانَ يَقُولُ نَشَدْتُكَ الله أَنْ نُعَذَّبَ فِيكَ.

12. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn abu Najran from abu Jamilah from those he has mentioned (in his book) from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “There is no day wherein every part of the body does not bow down before the tongue pleading, ‘We request you, for the sake of Allah, do not subject us to punishment.’”

13ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مِهْزَمٍ الأسَدِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ (عَلَيهِما السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ لِسَانَ ابْنِ آدَمَ يُشْرِفُ عَلَى جَمِيعِ جَوَارِحِهِ كُلَّ صَبَاحٍ فَيَقُولُ كَيْفَ أَصْبَحْتُمْ فَيَقُولُونَ بِخَيْرٍ إِنْ تَرَكْتَنَا وَيَقُولُونَ الله الله فِينَا وَيُنَاشِدُونَهُ وَيَقُولُونَ إِنَّمَا نُثَابُ وَنُعَاقَبُ بِكَ.

13. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Ibrahim ibn Mahziyar al-Asadi from abu Hamza from Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.) who has said the following: “The tongue of Adam’s children addresses all parts of his body and asks, ‘How is your morning?’ They reply, ‘We are fine, if only you leave us alone.’ They further say, ‘For the sake of Allah, for the sake of Allah, we plead before you to note because of only you we may find reward or face punishment.’”

14ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ قَيْسٍ أَبِي إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ لا بَأْسَ بِهِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا رَفَعَهُ قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ الله أَوْصِنِي فَقَالَ احْفَظْ لِسَانَكَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ الله أَوْصِنِي قَالَ احْفَظْ لِسَانَكَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ الله أَوْصِنِي قَالَ احْفَظْ لِسَانَكَ وَيْحَكَ وَهَلْ يَكُبُّ النَّاسَ عَلَى مَنَاخِرِهِمْ فِي النَّارِ إِلا حَصَائِدُ أَلْسِنَتِهِمْ.

14. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Isma’il from Fadl ibn Shadhan all from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Ibrahim ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid from Qays abu Isma’il (he has said that he is fine and is of our people) in a marfu’ manner from the Messenger of Allah (a.s.): “Once a man came to the Holy Prophet and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, advise me.’ The Messenger of Allah (a.s.) said, ‘Control your tongue.’ He then said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, advise me.’ The Messenger of Allah said, ‘Control your tongue.’ He again said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, advise me.’ The Messenger of Allah said, ‘Control your tongue. Fie upon you, do people get thrown into fire headlong for any reason other than being a victim due to their own tongue?”’

15ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَمَّنْ رَوَاهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) مَنْ لَمْ يَحْسُبْ كَلامَهُ مِنْ عَمَلِهِ كَثُرَتْ خَطَايَاهُ وَحَضَرَ عَذَابُهُ.

15. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from ibn Faddal from those he narrated from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘One who does not count his words as his deeds, his sins increase and his punishment approaches.’”

16ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) يُعَذِّبُ الله اللِّسَانَ بِعَذَابٍ لا يُعَذِّبُ بِهِ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْجَوَارِحِ فَيَقُولُ أَيْ رَبِّ عَذَّبْتَنِي بِعَذَابٍ لَمْ تُعَذِّبْ بِهِ شَيْئاً فَيُقَالُ لَهُ خَرَجَتْ مِنْكَ كَلِمَةٌ فَبَلَغَتْ مَشَارِقَ الأرْضِ وَمَغَارِبَهَا فَسُفِكَ بِهَا الدَّمُ الْحَرَامُ وَانْتُهِبَ بِهَا الْمَالُ الْحَرَامُ وَانْتُهِكَ بِهَا الْفَرْجُ الْحَرَامُ وَعِزَّتِي وَجَلالِي لأعَذِّبَنَّكَ بِعَذَابٍ لا أُعَذِّبُ بِهِ شَيْئاً مِنْ جَوَارِحِكَ.

16. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfali from al-Sakuni from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Allah will punish the tongue with a punishment that no other part will suffer thereby. And the tongue will say, “O Lord, You have punished me with a punishment that no one has suffered thereby.” It then will be said to the tongue, “From you came out a word that reached the East and West of the earth. It caused unlawful bloodshed, destroyed properties illegally, and caused unlawful sexual relations to take place. I swear by My Majesty and Glory to punish you with a punishment whereby no other parts of you has suffered.’””

17ـ وَبِهَذَا الإسْنَادِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) إِنْ كَانَ فِي شَيْ‏ءٍ شُؤْمٌ فَفِي اللِّسَانِ.

17. Through the same chain of narrators it is narrated from the Messenger of Allah (a.s.) has said, the following: “The Messenger of Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘If there is any wickedness, it is in the tongue.’”

18ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَالْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ الْوَشَّاءِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الرِّضَا (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِذَا أَرَادَ الْعِبَادَةَ صَمَتَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ.

18. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and al-Husayn ibn Muhammad from Mu’alla ibn Muhammad all from al-Washsha’ who has said the following: “I heard al-Rida (a.s.) say, ‘In the tribe of Israel if a man wanted to become a worshipper he was to keep silent for ten years before starting the deed.’”

19ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنِ الْغِفَارِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ الله (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وآلِه) مَنْ رَأَى مَوْضِعَ كَلامِهِ مِنْ عَمَلِهِ قَلَّ كَلامُهُ إِلا فِيمَا يَعْنِيهِ.

19. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Bakr ibn Salih form al-Ghaffari from Ja’far ibn Ibrahim who has said the following: “I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) say, ‘The Messenger of Allah has said, “If one can realize the effect of his words on his deeds, his words will decrease except for what he needs.’”

20ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ يُونُسَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ فِي حِكْمَةِ آلِ دَاوُدَ عَلَى الْعَاقِلِ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَارِفاً بِزَمَانِهِ مُقْبِلاً عَلَى شَأْنِهِ حَافِظاً لِلِسَانِهِ.

20. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Kufi from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sa’id ibn Yasar from Mansur ibn Yunus from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “It is in the wisdom of Ale (people of) Dawud: ‘A person of reason must learn about the nature of his time, pay attention to his affairs and safeguard his tongue.’”

21ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رِبَاطٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ رِجَالِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لا يَزَالُ الْعَبْدُ الْمُؤْمِنُ يُكْتَبُ مُحْسِناً مَا دَامَ سَاكِتاً فَإِذَا تَكَلَّمَ كُتِبَ مُحْسِناً أَوْ مُسِيئاً.

21. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Ali ibn al-Hassan ibn Ribat from certain individuals of his people from Abu ‘Abdillah (a.s.) who has said the following: “A believing servant (of Allah) is considered a person of good deeds as long as he does not speak. When he speaks he is considered a person of good deeds or of evil deeds.”