13. Making an Exception in an Oath
Back to book1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَلَبِيِّ وَزُرَارَةَ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَأَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَاذْكُرْ رَبَّكَ إِذا نَسِيتَ قَالَ إِذَا حَلَفَ الرَّجُلُ فَنَسِيَ أَنْ يَسْتَثْنِيَ فَلْيَسْتَثْنِ إِذَا ذَكَرَ.
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from abu Jamilah al-Mufaddal ibn Salih from Muhammad al-Halabiy and Zurarah and Muhammad ibn Muslim who has narrated the following: “About the meaning of the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, . . speak of your Lord if you forget’ (18:24) abu Ja‘far, and abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, have said that if one takes an oath and forgets to make an exception, he must make an exception (say, ‘if Allah wills’) when he remembers.”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (4/327)
2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الأحْوَلِ عَنْ سَلامِ بْنِ الْمُسْتَنِيرِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَلَقَدْ عَهِدْنإ؛ششّّيغ إِلى آدَمَ مِنْ قَبْلُ فَنَسِيَ وَلَمْ نَجِدْ لَهُ عَزْماً قَالَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَمَّا قَالَ لآدَمَ ادْخُلِ الْجَنَّةَ قَالَ لَهُ يَا آدَمُ لا تَقْرَبْ هَذِهِ الشَّجَرَةَ قَالَ وَأَرَاهُ إِيَّاهَا فَقَالَ آدَمُ لِرَبِّهِ كَيْفَ أَقْرَبُهَا وَقَدْ نَهَيْتَنِي عَنْهَا أَنَا وَزَوْجَتِي قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا لا تَقْرَبَاهَا يَعْنِي لا تَأْكُلا مِنْهَا فَقَالَ آدَمُ وَزَوْجَتُهُ نَعَمْ يَا رَبَّنَا لا نَقْرَبُهَا وَلا نَأْكُلُ مِنْهَا وَلَمْ يَسْتَثْنِيَا فِي قَوْلِهِمَا نَعَمْ فَوَكَلَهُمَا اللهُ فِي ذَلِكَ إِلَى أَنْفُسِهِمَا وَإِلَى ذِكْرِهِمَا قَالَ وَقَدْ قَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لِنَبِيِّهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فِي الْكِتَابِ وَلا تَقُولَنَّ لِشَيْءٍ إِنِّي فاعِلٌ ذلِكَ غَداً إِلا أَنْ يَشاءَ اللهُ أَنْ لا أَفْعَلَهُ فَتَسْبِقَ مَشِيئَةُ اللهِ فِي أَنْ لا أَفْعَلَهُ فَلا أَقْدِرَ عَلَى أَنْ أَفْعَلَهُ قَالَ فَلِذَلِكَ قَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَاذْكُرْ رَبَّكَ إِذا نَسِيتَ أَيْ اسْتَثْنِ مَشِيئَةَ اللهِ فِي فِعْلِكَ.
2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from ibn Mahbub from abu Ja‘far al-Ahwal from Salam ibn al-Mustanir who has narrated the following: “This is about the meaning of the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious. ‘. . . We made a covenant with Adam, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, before but he forgot and We did not find in him firm determination.’ (20:115) Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, said to Adam, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, to enter in the garden (paradises) He said, “O Adam, you must not go near this tree.’” He (the Imam) said that He showed it to him and Adam said to his Lord, “How will I go near the tree when You have prohibited me and my wife?” He (the Imam) said that Allah said to them not to go near the tree meaning do not eat thereof. Adam and his wife said, “Yes, Lord we will not go near the tree and will not eat”, but they did not make an exception (did not say, ‘if Allah wills’) when saying, “yes” Allah, in that matter left them on their own and to their memories.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, spoke to His Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, about a fact in the book. “. . . You must never say about anything, ‘I will do it tomorrow without saying, ‘unless Allah wills’ otherwise,” (18:23) and Allah decides that I must not do then I will not be able to do.’ He (the Imam) said that for this reason Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has said, ‘. . . you must speak of your Lord when you forget’, meaning make the act and the will of Allah an exception in your act.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مجهول - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (4/328)
3- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ رِئَابٍ عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ حُمْرَانَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَاذْكُرْ رَبَّكَ إِذا نَسِيتَ قَالَ ذَلِكَ فِي الْيَمِينِ إِذَا قُلْتَ وَاللهِ لا أَفْعَلُ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَإِذَا ذَكَرْتَ أَنَّكَ لَمْ تَسْتَثْنِ فَقُلْ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ.
3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab from Hamzah ibn Humran who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the meaning of the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘. . . speak of your Lord if you forget.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is in taking oath when you say, ‘By Allah, I will not do so and so and when you remember that you have forgotten to make an exception then say, ‘if Allah so wills.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مجهول - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (24/328)
4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حُسَيْنٍ الْقَلانِسِيِّ أَوْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لِلْعَبْدِ أَنْ يَسْتَثْنِيَ فِي الْيَمِينِ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْماً إِذَا نَسِيَ.
4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Husayn al- Qalanisiy or certain persons of his people who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘A servant (of Allah) can make the exception up to forty days if he forgets.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مجهول - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (24/328)
5- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) مَنِ اسْتَثْنَى فِي يَمِينٍ فَلا حِنْثَ وَلا كَفَّارَةَ.
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one makes the exception in taking an oath there is no violation or expiation.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف على المشهور - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (24/329)
6- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الأشْعَرِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) الاسْتِثْنَاءُ فِي الْيَمِينِ مَتَى مَا ذَكَرَ وَإِنْ كَانَ بَعْدَ أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحاً ثُمَّ تَلا هَذِهِ الآيَةَ وَاذْكُرْ رَبَّكَ إِذا نَسِيتَ.
6. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja‘far ibn Muhammad al-Ash‘ariy from ibn al-Qaddah who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The forgotten exception in taking an oath must be made even if one remembers after forty mornings.’ He (the Imam) then read this verse, . . speak of your Lord if you forget.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف على المشهور - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (4/329)
7- عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَنْ حَلَفَ سِرّاً فَلْيَسْتَثْنِ سِرّاً وَمَنْ حَلَفَ عَلانِيَةً فَلْيَسْتَثْنِ عَلانِيَةً.
7. Ali has narrated from his father from through the same chain of narrators as that of the previous Hadith the following is narrated from al-Sakuniy who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘If one takes an oath privately, he must make the exception privately; and if one takes an oath in public, he must make the exception in public.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: ضعيف على المشهور - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (24/330)
8- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَاذْكُرْ رَبَّكَ إِذا نَسِيتَ فَقَالَ إِذَا حَلَفْتَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ وَنَسِيتَ أَنْ تَسْتَثْنِيَ فَاسْتَثْنِ إِذَا ذَكَرْتَ.
8. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hassan from Ali ibn Asbat from al-Husayn ibn Zurarah who has narrated the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the meaning of the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘. . . speak of your Lord if you forget.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is when you take an oath and forget to make the exception (saying if Allah so wills), then you must make the exception when you remember.’”
Allamah Baqir al-Majlisi: مجهول - Mir‘at al ‘Uqul Fi Sharh Akhbar Al al Rasul (4/330)